一、异步执行
实现方式二种:
1.使用异步注解@aysnc
、启动类:添加@EnableAsync注解
8本身有一个非常好用的Future类——CompletableFuture
@AllArgsConstructor
public class AskThread implements Runnable{
private CompletableFuture<Integer> re = null;
public void run() {
int myRe = 0;
try {
myRe = () * ();
} catch (Exception e) {
();
}
(myRe);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Integer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
new Thread(new AskThread(future)).start();
//模拟长时间的计算过程
(1000);
//告知完成结果
(60);
}
}
在该示例中,启动一个线程,此时AskThread对象还没有拿到它需要的数据,执行到 myRe = () * ()会阻塞。我们用休眠1秒来模拟一个长时间的计算过程,并将计算结果告诉future执行结果,AskThread线程将会继续执行。
public class Calc {
public static Integer calc(Integer para) {
try {
//模拟一个长时间的执行
(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
();
}
return para * para;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Void> future = (() -> calc(50))
.thenApply((i) -> (i))
.thenApply((str) -> "\"" + str + "\"")
.thenAccept(::println);
();
}
}
方法构造一个CompletableFuture实例,在supplyAsync()方法中,它会在一个新线程中,执行传入的参数。在这里它会执行calc()方法,这个方法可能是比较慢的,但这并不影响CompletableFuture实例的构造速度,supplyAsync()会立即返回。而返回的CompletableFuture实例就可以作为这次调用的契约,在将来任何场合,用于获得最终的计算结果。supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情况,CompletableFuture还有一个不需要返回值的异步调用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我们在优化Controller时,使用这个方法比较多。这两个方法如果在不指定线程池的情况下,都是在线程池中执行,而这个线程池中的所有线程都是Daemon(守护)线程,所以,当主线程结束时,这些线程无论执行完毕都会退出系统。
核心代码:
(() ->
(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id)
);
异步调用使用Callable来实现
@RestController
public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = ();
@Autowired
private HelloService hello;
@GetMapping("/helloworld")
public String helloWorldController() {
return ();
}
/**
* 异步调用restful
* 当controller返回值是Callable的时候,springmvc就会启动一个线程将Callable交给TaskExecutor去处理
* 然后DispatcherServlet还有所有的spring拦截器都退出主线程,然后把response保持打开的状态
* 当Callable执行结束之后,springmvc就会重新启动分配一个request请求,然后DispatcherServlet就重新
* 调用和处理Callable异步执行的返回结果, 然后返回视图
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/hello")
public Callable<String> helloController() {
(().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
(().getName() + " 进入call方法");
String say = ();
(().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回");
return say;
}
};
(().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");
return callable;
}
}
异步调用的方式 WebAsyncTask
@RestController
public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = ();
@Autowired
private HelloService hello;
/**
* 带超时时间的异步请求 通过WebAsyncTask自定义客户端超时间
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/world")
public WebAsyncTask<String> worldController() {
(().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");
// 3s钟没返回,则认为超时
WebAsyncTask<String> webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>(3000, new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
(().getName() + " 进入call方法");
String say = ();
(().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回");
return say;
}
});
(().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");
(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
(().getName() + " 执行完毕");
}
});
(new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
(().getName() + " onTimeout");
// 超时的时候,直接抛异常,让外层统一处理超时异常
throw new TimeoutException("调用超时");
}
});
return webAsyncTask;
}
/**
* 异步调用,异常处理,详细的处理流程见MyExceptionHandler类
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/exception")
public WebAsyncTask<String> exceptionController() {
(().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
(().getName() + " 进入call方法");
throw new TimeoutException("调用超时!");
}
};
(().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");
return new WebAsyncTask<>(20000, callable);
}
}
二、增加内嵌Tomcat的最大连接数
@Configuration
public class TomcatConfig {
@Bean
public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() {
TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer());
(8005);
("/api-g");
return tomcatFactory;
}
class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer {
public void customize(Connector connector) {
Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) ();
//设置最大连接数
(20000);
//设置最大线程数
(2000);
(30000);
}
}
}
三、使用@ComponentScan()定位扫包比@SpringBootApplication扫包更快
四、默认tomcat容器改为Undertow(Jboss下的服务器,Tomcat吞吐量5000,Undertow吞吐量8000)
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId></groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
改为:
<dependency>
<groupId></groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
</dependency>
五、使用 BufferedWriter 进行缓冲
六、Deferred方式实现异步调用
@RestController
public class AsyncDeferredController {
private final Logger logger = (());
private final LongTimeTask taskService;
@Autowired
public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) {
= taskService;
}
@GetMapping("/deferred")
public DeferredResult<String> executeSlowTask() {
(().getName() + "进入executeSlowTask方法");
DeferredResult<String> deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>();
// 调用长时间执行任务
(deferredResult);
// 当长时间任务中使用("world");这个方法时,会从长时间任务中返回,继续controller里面的流程
(().getName() + "从executeSlowTask方法返回");
// 超时的回调方法
(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
(().getName() + " onTimeout");
// 返回超时信息
("time out!");
}
});
// 处理完成的回调方法,无论是超时还是处理成功,都会进入这个回调方法
(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
(().getName() + " onCompletion");
}
});
return deferredResult;
}
}
七、异步调用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor进行拦截
@Component
public class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor {
private static final Logger logger = ();
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
(().getName()+ "服务调用完成,返回结果给客户端");
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
if(null != ex){
("发生异常:"+());
}
}
@Override
public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
// 拦截之后,重新写回数据,将原来的hello world换成如下字符串
String resp = "my name is chhliu!";
(());
().write(());
(().getName() + " 进入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法");
}
}
参考:/u/3768341/blog/3001731
参考:/liuchuanhong1/article/details/78744138