01、Spring源码分析：initPropertySources方法扩展点
Spring的强大之处不仅仅在于它为Java开发者提供了极大便利，更在于它的开放式架构，使得用户可以拥有最大扩展Spring的能力。
protected void initPropertySources() {
// For subclasses: do nothing by default.
}
在AbstractApplicationContext类中有一个initPropertySources方法是留给子类扩展，它是在refresh()的第一个方法prepareRefresh();方法中调用。
protected void prepareRefresh() {
// Switch to active.
// 设置容器启动的时间
this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 容器的关闭标志位
this.closed.set(false);
// 容器的激活标志位
this.active.set(true);
// 记录日志
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Refreshing " + this);
}
else {
logger.debug("Refreshing " + getDisplayName());
}
}
// Initialize any placeholder property sources in the context environment.
// 留给子类覆盖，初始化属性资源
initPropertySources();
// Validate that all properties marked as required are resolvable:
// see ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties
// 创建并获取环境对象，验证需要的属性文件是否都已经放入环境中
getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();
// Store pre-refresh ApplicationListeners...
// 判断刷新前的应用程序监听器集合是否为空，如果为空，则将监听器添加到此集合中
if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) {
this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners);
}
else {
// Reset local application listeners to pre-refresh state.
// 如果不等于空，则清空集合元素对象
this.applicationListeners.clear();
this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners);
}
// Allow for the collection of early ApplicationEvents,
// to be published once the multicaster is available...
// 创建刷新前的监听事件集合
this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
}
所以我们可以继承此类或其子类来重写initPropertySources方法，实现一些扩展。
public class MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext extends ClassPathXmlApplicationContext {
public MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String... configLocations){
super(configLocations);
}
@Override
protected void initPropertySources() {
System.out.println("扩展initPropertySource");
//这里添加了一个name属性到Environment里面，以方便我们在后面用到
getEnvironment().getSystemProperties().put("name","bobo");
//这里要求Environment中必须包含username属性，如果不包含，则抛出异常
getEnvironment().setRequiredProperties("username");
}
}
此处我们做了两个扩展：
第一，向Environment中添加了一个属性值。
第二：我们设置了一个必要的系统属性username，当Environment中不包含username属性时系统会抛出异常。
测试类：
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext ac = new MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
// ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-${username}.xml");
}
}
当然你也可以做其它扩展，这里只是列举了一个例子。
02、Spring源码分析：customizeBeanFactory方法扩展点
Spring的强大之处不仅仅在于它为Java开发者提供了极大便利，更在于它的开放式架构，使得用户可以拥有最大扩展Spring的能力。
protected void customizeBeanFactory(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// 如果属性allowBeanDefinitionOverriding不为空，设置给beanFactory对象相应属性，是否允许覆盖同名称的不同定义的对象
if (this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding != null) {
beanFactory.setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding(this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding);
}
// 如果属性allowCircularReferences不为空，设置给beanFactory对象相应属性，是否允许bean之间存在循环依赖
if (this.allowCircularReferences != null) {
beanFactory.setAllowCircularReferences(this.allowCircularReferences);
}
}
在AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext类中有一个customizeBeanFactory方法是留给子类扩展，它是在refresh()的第二个方法obtainFreshBeanFactory()–>refreshBeanFactory()方法中调用。
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
// 如果存在beanFactory，则销毁beanFactory
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
// 创建DefaultListableBeanFactory对象
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
// 为了序列化指定id，可以从id反序列化到beanFactory对象
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
// 定制beanFactory，设置相关属性，包括是否允许覆盖同名称的不同定义的对象以及循环依赖
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 初始化documentReader,并进行XML文件读取及解析,默认命名空间的解析，自定义标签的解析
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
此方法是用来实现BeanFactory的属性设置，主要是设置两个属性：
- allowBeanDefinitionOverriding：是否允许覆盖同名称的不同定义的对象。
- allowCircularReferences：是否允许bean之间的循环依赖。
如下例子：
public class MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext extends ClassPathXmlApplicationContext {
public MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String... configLocations){
super(configLocations);
}
@Override
protected void initPropertySources() {
System.out.println("扩展initPropertySource");
//这里添加了一个name属性到Environment里面，以方便我们在后面用到
getEnvironment().getSystemProperties().put("name","bobo");
//这里要求Environment中必须包含username属性，如果不包含，则抛出异常
getEnvironment().setRequiredProperties("username");
}
@Override
protected void customizeBeanFactory(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
super.setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding(false);
super.setAllowCircularReferences(false);
super.customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext ac = new MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
// ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-${username}.xml");
}
}
}
03、Spring源码分析：自定义配置文件标签
Spring的强大之处不仅仅在于它为Java开发者提供了极大便利，更在于它的开放式架构，使得用户可以拥有最大扩展Spring的能力。
我们在用xml定义spring信息时，默认的element只包含beans，bean，import，alias这四个，其它任何标签都属于自定义标签，均需要引入相应的命名空间，如：context，aop标签等。
protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (node instanceof Element) {
Element ele = (Element) node;
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
//处理默认的标签元素
parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
}
else {
//处理自定义的标签元素
delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
}
}
}
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
}
}
对应的源码处理在DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader类的parseBeanDefinitions方法里面。
自定义标签元素
1，定义People.java
public class People {
private String id;
private int age;
private String name;
private String address;
public People(String id, int age, String name, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.age = age;
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
}
public People() {
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "People{" +
"id='" + id + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2，在resources/META-INF目录下定义people.xsd，spring.handlers，spring.schemas文件
people.xsd
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.bobo.com/schema/people"
xmlns:tns="http://www.bobo.com/schema/people"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<element name="people">
<complexType>
<attribute name ="id" type = "string"/>
<attribute name ="age" type = "int"/>
<attribute name ="name" type = "string"/>
<attribute name ="address" type = "string"/>
</complexType>
</element>
</schema>
spring.handlers
http\://www.bobo.com/schema/people=com.bobo.custom.PeopleNamespaceHandler
spring.schemas
http\://www.bobo.com/schema/people.xsd=META-INF/people.xsd
3，创建对应的namespaceHandler类PeopleNamespaceHandler.java
package com.wsj.custom;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport;
/**
* @author wsj
* @date 2024-04-20
*/
public class PeopleNamespaceHandler extends NamespaceHandlerSupport {
@Override
public void init() {
super.registerBeanDefinitionParser("people",new PeopleBeanDefinitionParser());
}
}
4，创建对应的BeanDefinitionParser类PeopleBeanDefinitionParser.java
package com.wsj.custom;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.AbstractSingleBeanDefinitionParser;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
/**
* @author wsj
* @date 2024-04-20
*/
public class PeopleBeanDefinitionParser extends AbstractSingleBeanDefinitionParser {
@Override
protected Class<?> getBeanClass(Element element) {
return People.class;
}
@Override
protected void doParse(Element element, BeanDefinitionBuilder builder) {
String id = element.getAttribute("id");
String age = element.getAttribute("age");
String name = element.getAttribute("name");
String address = element.getAttribute("address");
if (StringUtils.hasLength(id)){
builder.addPropertyValue("id",id);
}
if (StringUtils.hasLength(age)){
builder.addPropertyValue("age",age);
}
if (StringUtils.hasLength(name)){
builder.addPropertyValue("name",name);
}
if (StringUtils.hasLength(address)){
builder.addPropertyValue("address",address);
}
}
}
5，创建application-context.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:bo="http://www.bobo.com/schema/people"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.bobo.com/schema/people http://www.bobo.com/schema/people.xsd">
<bo:people id="wsj" age="20" name="wsjxtt" address="广东省深圳市"></bo:people>
</beans>
6，创建测试类
package com.wsj;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-context.xml");
System.out.println(context.getBean("wsj"));
}
}
运行输出
People{
id='wsj', age=20, name='wsjxtt', address='广东省深圳市'}