本文实例讲述了python实现ip代理池功能。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
爬取的代理源为西刺代理。
- 用xpath解析页面
- 用telnet来验证ip是否可用
- 把有效的ip写入到本地txt中。当然也可以写入到redis、mongodb中,也可以设置检测程序当代理池中的ip数不够(如:小于20个)时,启动该脚本来重新获取ip,本脚本的代码也要做相应的改变。
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# !/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Version : 1.0
# @Time : 2018/10/23 上午10:40
# @Author : Yeoman
# @Description :
import urllib.request
import lxml.etree
import telnetlib
import os
headers = {
'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.67 Safari/537.36'
}
def get_proxy(page_num):
# 获取页面
req = urllib.request.Request( 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/{}' . format (page_num), headers = headers) # 构造request请求
response = urllib.request.urlopen(req) # 发送请求
html = response.read()
html = html.decode( 'utf-8' )
# print(html)
# 解析页面
proxy_list = []
selector = lxml.etree.HTML(html)
rows = selector.xpath( '//*[@id="ip_list"]//tr' )
rows_total = len (rows)
row_xpath_head = '//*[@id="ip_list"]//tr['
row_ip_xpath_tail = ']/td[2]/text()'
row_port_xpath_tail = ']/td[3]/text()'
for i in range ( 1 , rows_total):
ip_xpath = row_xpath_head + str (i + 1 ) + row_ip_xpath_tail
port_xpath = row_xpath_head + str (i + 1 ) + row_port_xpath_tail
ip = selector.xpath(ip_xpath)[ 0 ]
port = selector.xpath(port_xpath)[ 0 ]
ip_port = ip + ':' + port
proxy_list.append(ip_port)
return proxy_list
# 检测代理ip是否可用
def test_proxy_ip_port(proxy_ip_port):
print ( '当前代理ip:{}' . format (proxy_ip_port))
ip_port = proxy_ip_port.split( ':' )
ip = ip_port[ 0 ]
port = ip_port[ 1 ]
# 用telnet来验证ip是否可用
try :
telnetlib.Telnet(ip, port, timeout = 10 )
except :
return False
else :
return True
# 把有效的ip写入本地
def write_ip(proxy_ip):
with open ( './ip.txt' , 'a' ) as f:
f.write(proxy_ip + '\n' )
# 删除文件
def del_file():
file_path = './ip.txt'
if os.path.exists(file_path):
os.remove(file_path)
def run():
del_file()
proxy_ip_port_list = []
for i in range ( 1 , 6 ): # 前5页
proxy_ip_port_list + = get_proxy(i)
for i in range ( 100 ): # 一页有100条
proxy_ip_port = proxy_ip_port_list[i]
is_valid = test_proxy_ip_port(proxy_ip_port)
print (is_valid)
if is_valid:
# 写入ip到本地
write_ip(proxy_ip_port)
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
run()
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希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Yeoman92/article/details/83310646