KVM虚拟机使用virsh命令创建带操作系统image

说明：以下整个过程均实测可行，如配完不能正常启动镜像操作系统，核查虚拟机配置xml文件是否存在问题，网络配置是否存在问题。

1、检测CPU是否支持虚拟化

vmx为Intel系列虚拟化，采用Intel-VT技术，svm为AMD系列，采用AMD-V技术

注意：请务必开启以下虚拟化选项，否则无法加载kvm

--Windows：BIOS需要开启 virtualization technology enabled

--虚拟机需要开启：虚拟机-->设置-->硬件-->处理器-->选择虚拟化xxx或 VT-X/AMD-v -->重启

[email protected]:~# egrep -o "(vmx|svm)" /proc/cpuinfo

vmx

#如开启后仍不行，重启机器。

2、安装KVM并启用KVM内核模块

1）安装

[email protected]:~# apt-get install qemu-kvm ubuntu-vm-builder bridge-utils

2）启用KVM内核模块

[email protected]:~# modprobe kvm

[email protected]:~# modprobe kvm_intel

[email protected]:~# modprobe kvm_amd

3）检测

[email protected]:~# kvm-ok

INFO: /dev/kvm exists

KVM acceleration can be used

4）添加用户root到kvm组

[email protected]:~# adduser root kvm

正在添加用户"root"到"kvm"组...

Adding user root to group kvm

完成。

3、安装libvirt

建议直接apt-get 安装，源码安装需要解决一系列依赖关系和配置问题，如不能安装，先 apt-get update

1）、安装 libvirt-bin qemu virt-manager

[email protected]:~# apt-get install libvirt-bin qemu virt-manager

2）、启动服务并确认

[email protected]:~# service libvirtd restart

[email protected]:~# ps -ef|grep libvirt

libvirt+ 1743 1 0 14:40 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/lib/libvirt/libvirt_leaseshelper

root 1744 1743 0 14:40 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/lib/libvirt/libvirt_leaseshelper

root 5284 1 2 14:47 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/libvirtd

root 5355 1910 0 14:47 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto libvirt

[email protected]:~# virsh list --all

Id 名称状态

----------------------------------------------------

3）、virt-manager 进入管理界面

注意：需要先 ssh –X 否则无法进入

[email protected]:~$ ssh -X localhost

The authenticity of host 'localhost (::1)' can't be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:24GN5wsSd6oXuBIjpltZJV6F17qmuxhlDQKvyM8GSMI.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

[email protected]'s password:

Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-142-generic i686)

Last login: Sun Mar 15 15:45:38 2020 from 192.115.8.101

[email protected]:~$

[email protected]:~$ virt-manager

[email protected]:~$

4、配置虚拟网络：以下分别为配置静态ip和静态ip网桥

1）查看网关

[email protected]:/etc/network# ip route

default via 192.115.8.1 dev ens33

192.115.8.0/24 dev ens33 proto kernel scope link src 192.115.8.108

192.115.122.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.115.122.1 linkdown

2）、配置静态ip

[email protected]:/etc/network# cp interfaces interfaces.bak0315

[email protected]:/etc/network# cat interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system

# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The primary network interface

150131-116060-999358

auto ens33

iface ens33 inet static

address 192.115.8.112

#配置没有被使用的ip地址

netmask 255.255.255.0

#写入网关地址ip route 查看

gateway 192.115.8.1

#写dns解析地址

dns-nameservers 1.1.1.1

[email protected]:/etc/network#

[email protected]:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart

[ ok ] Restarting networking (via systemctl): networking.service.

[email protected]:~# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo