springboot 定时任务备份mysql数据库

记录在Linux 系统上定时备份MySQL数据库

1、在代码中添加备份

package org.jeecg.modules.xczxhhr.job;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Slf4j
public class SyncDatabaseBackupJob implements Job {
    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) {
        String mysqlUser = "root";
        String mysqlPassword = "你的密码";
        String dbname = "你的数据库名字";
        String backupDir = "备份文件存储地址";

        int expireDays = 15;

        String backupTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmm").format(new Date());
        String backupFileName = dbname + "-" + backupTime + ".sql";

        String[] command = new String[]{"mysqldump", "-u" + mysqlUser, "-B", dbname};

        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(command);
        processBuilder.environment().put("MYSQL_PWD", mysqlPassword);

        File backupFile = new File(backupDir, backupFileName);
        processBuilder.redirectOutput(backupFile);

        try {
            Process process = processBuilder.start();
            int exitStatus = process.waitFor();

            if (exitStatus == 0) {
                // 备份成功，可以继续实现删除过期备份的逻辑
                log.info("数据库备份成功");
                cleanupOldBackups(backupDir, expireDays);
            } else {
                // 备份失败，可以记录日志或者进行其他处理
                log.error("数据库备份失败:" + exitStatus);
                // 输出错误信息
                BufferedReader errorReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
                String line;
                while ((line = errorReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    log.error(line);
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
            // 异常处理
            e.printStackTrace();
            log.error("备份数据库出现异常：" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    private void cleanupOldBackups(String backupDir, int expireDays) {
        File dir = new File(backupDir);
        File[] files = dir.listFiles();

        if (files != null) {
            for (File file : files) {
                long diffInMillies = System.currentTimeMillis() - file.lastModified();
                long diffInDays = TimeUnit.DAYS.convert(diffInMillies, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

                if (diffInDays > expireDays) {
                    if (file.delete()) {
                        log.info("已删除旧备份文件:" + file.getName());
                    } else {
                        log.info("未能删除旧备份文件："+ file.getName());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2、也可以在Linux中执行备份脚本，backup_script.sh，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
# 设置mysql的登录用户名和密码(根据实际情况填写)
mysqlUser="root"
mysqlPassword="密码"
dbname='数据库名字'

# 备份文件存放地址(根据实际情况填写)
backup_dir=/data/depFile/bakdb

# 判断目录是不是已经存在，如果不存在则创建
if [ ! -d $backup_dir ]; then
  mkdir -p $backup_dir
fi
#===================================
# 是否删除过期数据
expire_backup_delete="ON"
expire_days=15
backup_time=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!"
#===========================================
# 备份指定数据库中数据(此处假设数据库是mysql_backup_test)
mysqldump -u$mysqlUser -p$mysqlPassword -B $dbname >$backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql

#删除过期数据
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a "$backup_dir" != "" ]; then
  # $(find $backup_dir/ -type f -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf)
  find $backup_dir/ -type f -mtime +$expire_days -exec rm -f {} \;
  echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi

接下来，你需要设置一个定时任务，让这个脚本在每天凌晨一点执行。你可以使用 cron 来实现这一点。

首先，打开终端并输入以下命令来编辑 crontab 文件：

crontab -e

然后，在 crontab 文件中添加以下行来设置定时任务：

0 1 * * * /bin/bash /path/to/your/backup_script.sh

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springboot 定时任务备份mysql数据库

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