MATLAB实例：截断坐标轴(Broken Axis)
作者：凯鲁嘎吉 - 博客园 http://www.cnblogs.com/kailugaji/
更多请看：随笔分类 - MATLAB作图
有时候，用MATLAB绘制坐标图时会出现有的曲线值都特别大，有的曲线值都很小，但是又想在同一幅图中将他们展示出来，于是需要截断坐标轴的刻度或者改变纵轴的刻度，使其不均匀。本博客写了截断横坐标纵坐标，以及横纵坐标都截断的实例(基本思路是超过截断位置的曲线通通向下或向左平移，在坐标轴上加双斜杠，最后只截取平移后位置之前的曲线，其余部分抛弃掉)，并给出了mathworks上两个函数的实例，同时，纵轴刻度不均匀采用对数刻度来解决，也给出了相应的实例，一起看看效果。
1. 原始图像
clear; clc; close all;
% 作者：凯鲁嘎吉 - 博客园 http://www.cnblogs.com/kailugaji/
% 原始图片
data=[2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1
3 2.5 2.1 2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.2
3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3 3 3 3 3 2.5
10.8 10.6 10.5 10.2 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.1
];
x_min=0.1; %横坐标刻度最小值
x_interval=0.1; %横坐标刻度间隔距离
x_max=1; %横坐标刻度最大值
X=x_min:x_interval:x_max;
h=plot(X, data(1, :), \'k*-\', X, data(2, :), \'g^-\', X, data(3, :), \'r-s\', X, data(4, :), \'b-x\', \'MarkerFaceColor\',\'y\', \'MarkerSize\',7);
set(gcf,\'color\',\'w\') %后面背景变白
xlim([x_min x_max]); %横坐标范围
xlabel(\'x\');
string=\'y\';
ylabel(string);
legend(\'Line-1\', \'Line-2\', \'Line-3\', \'Line-4\', \'Location\', \'east\'); %图例
saveas(gcf,sprintf(\'Original image.jpg\'),\'bmp\'); %保存图片
2. 截断横坐标
clear; clc; close all;
% 横轴截断后图像
% 作者：凯鲁嘎吉 - 博客园 http://www.cnblogs.com/kailugaji/
% 数据
format short g
data=[2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1
3 2.5 2.1 2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.2
3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3 3 3 3 3 2.5
10.8 10.6 10.5 10.2 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.1
];
% 参数设置
x_min=0.1; %横轴刻度最小值
x_interval=0.1; %横坐标两个刻度间隔距离
x_break_start=0.5; % 截断的开始值
x_break_end=0.9; % 截断的结束值
x_break_end=x_break_end-x_interval;
x_max=length(data(1, :))*x_interval+x_min-x_interval; %横轴刻度最大值
X=x_min:x_interval:x_max;
adjust_value=0.4*x_interval; %微调截断处x坐标
% 超过截断结束位置的那些曲线统统向左平移uptate_num个长度
data(:, find(abs(X-x_break_start)<eps)+1:(end-round((x_break_end-x_break_start)/x_interval)))=data(:, X>x_break_end+eps);
x_max_new=x_max-x_break_end+x_break_start;
X=x_min:x_interval:x_max_new;
new_range=round(x_max_new/x_interval);
% 根据曲线的个数进行修改，这里曲线是4条
h=plot(X, data(1, 1:new_range), \'k*-\', X, data(2, 1:new_range), \'g^-\', X, data(3, 1:new_range), \'r-s\', X, data(4, 1:new_range), \'b-x\', \'MarkerFaceColor\',\'y\', \'MarkerSize\',7);
set(gcf,\'color\',\'w\') %后面背景变白
xlim([x_min x_max_new]); %横坐标范围
xlabel(\'x\');
string=\'y\';
ylabel(string);
legend(\'Line-1\', \'Line-2\', \'Line-3\', \'Line-4\', \'Location\', \'east\'); %图例 根据曲线个数修改
% 横坐标截断设置
xlimit=get(gca,\'xlim\');
location_X=(x_break_start+adjust_value-xlimit(1))/diff(xlimit);
t1=text(location_X, 0,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
t2=text(location_X, 1,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
% 重新定义横坐标刻度
xtick=x_min:x_interval:x_max_new;
set(gca,\'xtick\',xtick);
xtick(xtick>x_break_start+eps)=xtick(xtick>x_break_start+eps)+x_break_end-x_break_start;
for i=1:length(xtick)
xticklabel{i}=sprintf(\'%.1f\',xtick(i));
end
set(gca,\'xTickLabel\', xticklabel, \'FontSize\', 12, \'FontName\', \'Times New Roman\'); %修改坐标名称、字体
saveas(gcf,sprintf(\'Break_X_Axis.jpg\'),\'bmp\'); %保存图片
3. 截断纵坐标
clear; clc; close all;
% 纵轴截断后图像
% 作者：凯鲁嘎吉 - 博客园 http://www.cnblogs.com/kailugaji/
% 数据
data=[2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1
3 2.5 2.1 2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.2
3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3 3 3 3 3 2.5
10.8 10.6 10.5 10.2 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.1
];
% 参数设置
x_min=0.1; %横坐标刻度最小值
x_interval=0.1; %横坐标刻度间隔距离
x_max=1; %横坐标刻度最大值
y_interval=1; %纵坐标两个刻度间隔距离
y_max=11; %纵轴刻度最大值
y_break_start=4; % 截断的开始值
y_break_end=9; % 截断的结束值
X=x_min:x_interval:x_max;
adjust_value=0.4*y_interval; %微调截断处y坐标
uptate_num=y_break_end-y_break_start-y_interval; %最高处曲线向下平移大小
% 超过截断结束位置的那些曲线统统向下平移uptate_num个长度
for i=1:length(data(:, 1))
if data(i, :)>y_break_end
data(i, :)=data(i, :)-uptate_num;
end
end
% 根据曲线的个数进行修改，这里曲线是4条
h=plot(X, data(1, :), \'k*-\', X, data(2, :), \'g^-\', X, data(3, :), \'r-s\', X, data(4, :), \'b-x\', \'MarkerFaceColor\',\'y\', \'MarkerSize\',7);
set(gcf,\'color\',\'w\') %后面背景变白
xlim([x_min x_max]); %横坐标范围
xlabel(\'x\');
string=\'y\';
ylabel(string);
legend(\'Line-1\', \'Line-2\', \'Line-3\', \'Line-4\', \'Location\', \'east\'); %图例 根据曲线个数修改
% 纵坐标截断设置
ylimit=get(gca,\'ylim\');
location_Y=(y_break_start+adjust_value-ylimit(1))/diff(ylimit);
t1=text(0, location_Y,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
set(t1,\'rotation\',90);
t2=text(1, location_Y,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
set(t2,\'rotation\',90);
% 重新定义纵坐标刻度
ytick=0:y_interval:y_max;
set(gca,\'ytick\',ytick);
ytick(ytick>y_break_start+eps)=ytick(ytick>y_break_start+eps)+uptate_num;
for i=1:length(ytick)
yticklabel{i}=sprintf(\'%d\',ytick(i));
end
set(gca,\'yTickLabel\', yticklabel, \'FontSize\', 12, \'FontName\', \'Times New Roman\'); %修改坐标名称、字体
saveas(gcf,sprintf(\'Break_Y_Axis.jpg\'),\'bmp\'); %保存图片
4. 截断横纵坐标
clear; clc; close all;
% 横轴截断后图像
% 作者：凯鲁嘎吉 - 博客园 http://www.cnblogs.com/kailugaji/
% 数据
data=[2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1
3 2.5 2.1 2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.2
3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3 3 3 3 3 2.5
10.8 10.6 10.5 10.2 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.1
];
% 参数设置
x_min=0.1; %横轴刻度最小值
x_interval=0.1; %横坐标两个刻度间隔距离
x_break_start=0.5; % 截断的开始值
x_break_end=0.9; % 截断的结束值
y_interval=1; %纵坐标两个刻度间隔距离
y_max=11; %纵轴刻度最大值
y_break_start=4; % 截断的开始值
y_break_end=9; % 截断的结束值
x_break_end=x_break_end-x_interval;
x_max=length(data(1, :))*x_interval+x_min-x_interval; %横轴刻度最大值
X=x_min:x_interval:x_max;
adjust_value_x=0.4*x_interval; %微调截断处x坐标
adjust_value_y=0.4*y_interval; %微调截断处y坐标
uptate_num=y_break_end-y_break_start-y_interval; %最高处曲线向下平移大小
% 超过截断结束位置的那些曲线统统向左平移uptate_num个长度
data(:, find(abs(X-x_break_start)<eps)+1:(end-round((x_break_end-x_break_start)/x_interval)))=data(:, X>x_break_end+eps);
% 超过截断结束位置的那些曲线统统向下平移uptate_num个长度
for i=1:length(data(:, 1))
if data(i, :)>y_break_end
data(i, :)=data(i, :)-uptate_num;
end
end
x_max_new=x_max-x_break_end+x_break_start;
X=x_min:x_interval:x_max_new;
new_range=round(x_max_new/x_interval);
% 根据曲线的个数进行修改，这里曲线是4条
h=plot(X, data(1, 1:new_range), \'k*-\', X, data(2, 1:new_range), \'g^-\', X, data(3, 1:new_range), \'r-s\', X, data(4, 1:new_range), \'b-x\', \'MarkerFaceColor\',\'y\', \'MarkerSize\',7);
set(gcf,\'color\',\'w\') %后面背景变白
xlim([x_min x_max_new]); %横坐标范围
xlabel(\'x\');
string=\'y\';
ylabel(string);
legend(\'Line-1\', \'Line-2\', \'Line-3\', \'Line-4\', \'Location\', \'east\'); %图例 根据曲线个数修改
% 横坐标截断设置
xlimit=get(gca,\'xlim\');
location_X=(x_break_start+adjust_value_x-xlimit(1))/diff(xlimit);
t1=text(location_X, 0,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
t2=text(location_X, 1,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
% 重新定义横坐标刻度
xtick=x_min:x_interval:x_max_new;
set(gca,\'xtick\',xtick);
xtick(xtick>x_break_start+eps)=xtick(xtick>x_break_start+eps)+x_break_end-x_break_start;
for i=1:length(xtick)
xticklabel{i}=sprintf(\'%.1f\',xtick(i));
end
% 纵坐标截断设置
ylimit=get(gca,\'ylim\');
location_Y=(y_break_start+adjust_value_y-ylimit(1))/diff(ylimit);
t1=text(0, location_Y,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
set(t1,\'rotation\',90);
t2=text(1, location_Y,\'//\',\'sc\',\'BackgroundColor\',\'w\',\'margin\',eps, \'fontsize\',13);
set(t2,\'rotation\',90);
% 重新定义纵坐标刻度
ytick=0:y_interval:y_max;
set(gca,\'ytick\',ytick);
ytick(ytick>y_break_start+eps)=ytick(ytick>y_break_start+eps)+uptate_num;
for i=1:length(ytick)
yticklabel{i}=sprintf(\'%d\',ytick(i));
end
set(gca,\'xTickLabel\', xticklabel, \'yTickLabel\', yticklabel, \'FontSize\', 12, \'FontName\', \'Times New Roman\'); %修改坐标名称、字体
saveas(gcf,sprintf(\'Break_X_Y_Axis.jpg\'),\'bmp\'); %保存图片
如果改变截断参数值导致程序运行不出来，多半是逻辑运算符出的Bug，所以我在X>x_break_end+eps这种不等判断后加了eps，等式判断符X==x_break_start出Bug改为(X-x_break_start)<eps。欢迎一起交流学习~
5. 别人家的程序
在mathworks官网找了两个程序，分别截断横坐标与纵坐标，但还没有同时截断这两个的程序。而且，使用了这两个函数之后，图例显式竟然变暗了，不知道是什么原因，一起看看效果。
代码来源：www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/42905-break-x-axis，www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/45760-break-y-axis
breakxaxis.m
% breakxaxes splits data in an axes so that data is in a left and right pane.
%
% breakXAxes(splitXLim) splitXLim is a 2 element vector containing a range
% of x values from splitXLim(1) to splitXLim(2) to remove from the axes.
% They must be within the current xLimis of the axes.
%
% breakXAxes(splitXLim,splitWidth) splitWidth is the distance to
% seperate the left and right side. Units are the same as
% get(AX,\'uints\') default is 0.015
%
% breakXAxes(splitXLim,splitWidth,yOverhang) yOverhang stretches the
% axis split graphic to extend past the top and bottom of the plot by
% the distance set by YOverhang. Units are the same as get(AX,\'units\')
% default value is 0.015
%
% breakXAxes(AX, ...) performs the operation on the axis specified by AX
%
function breakInfo = breakxaxis(varargin)
%Validate Arguements
if nargin < 1 || nargin > 4
error(\'Wrong number of arguements\');
end
if isscalar(varargin{1}) && ishandle(varargin{1})
mainAxes = varargin{1};
argOffset = 1;
argCnt = nargin - 1;
if ~strcmp(get(mainAxes,\'Type\'),\'axes\')
error(\'Handle object must be Type Axes\');
end
else
mainAxes = gca;
argOffset = 0;
argCnt = nargin;
end
if (strcmp(get(mainAxes,\'XScale\'),\'log\'))
error(\'Log X Axes are not supported\');
end
if (argCnt < 3)
yOverhang = 0.015;
else
yOverhang = varargin{3 + argOffset};
if numel(yOverhang) ~= 1 || ~isreal(yOverhang) || ~isnumeric(yOverhang)
error(\'YOverhang must be a scalar number\');
elseif (yOverhang < 0)
error(\'YOverhang must not be negative\');
end
yOverhang = double(yOverhang);
end
if (argCnt < 2)
splitWidth = 0.015;
else
splitWidth = varargin{2 + argOffset};
if numel(yOverhang) ~= 1 || ~isreal(yOverhang) || ~isnumeric(yOverhang)
error(\'splitWidth must be a scalar number\');
elseif (yOverhang < 0)
error(\'splitWidth must not be negative\');
end
splitWidth = double(splitWidth);
end
splitXLim = varargin{1 + argOffset};
if numel(splitXLim) ~= 2 || ~isnumeric(splitXLim) || ~isreal(yOverhang)
error(splitXLim,\'Must be a vector length 2\');
end
splitXLim = double(splitXLim);
mainXLim = get(mainAxes,\'XLim\');
if (any(splitXLim >= mainXLim(2)) || any(splitXLim <= mainXLim(1)))
error(\'splitXLim must be in the range given by get(AX,\'\'XLim\'\')\');
end
mainPosition = get(mainAxes,\'Position\');
if (splitWidth > mainPosition(3) )
error(\'Split width is too large\')
end
%We need to create 4 axes
% leftAxes - is used for the left x axis and left pane data
% rightAxes - is used to the right x axis and right pane data
% annotationAxes - is used to display the y axis and title
% breakAxes - this is an axes with the same size and position as main
% is it used to draw a seperator between the left and right side
%Grab Some Parameters from the main axis (e.g the one we are spliting)
mainXLim = get(mainAxes,\'XLim\');
mainYLim = get(mainAxes,\'YLim\');
mainPosition = get(mainAxes,\'Position\');
mainParent = get(mainAxes,\'Parent\');
mainWidth = mainPosition(3); %Positions have the format [left bottom width height]
%mainXRange = mainXLim(2) - mainXLim(1);
mainFigure = get(mainAxes,\'Parent\');
mainYColor = get(mainAxes,\'YColor\');
mainLineWidth = get(mainAxes,\'LineWidth\');
figureColor = get(mainFigure,\'Color\');
mainYTickLabelMode = get(mainAxes,\'YTickLabelMode\');
mainXLabel = get(mainAxes,\'XLabel\');
mainXDir = get(mainAxes,\'XDir\');
mainLayer = get(mainAxes,\'Layer\');
%Save Main Axis Z Order
figureChildren = get(mainFigure,\'Children\');
zOrder = find(figureChildren == mainAxes);
%Calculate where axesLeft and axesRight will be layed on screen
%And their respctive XLimits
leftXLimTemp = [mainXLim(1) splitXLim(1)];
rightXLimTemp = [splitXLim(2) mainXLim(2)];
leftXRangeTemp = leftXLimTemp(2) - leftXLimTemp(1);
rightXRangeTemp = rightXLimTemp(2) - rightXLimTemp(1);
leftWidthTemp = leftXRangeTemp / (leftXRangeTemp + rightXRangeTemp) * (mainWidth - splitWidth);
rightWidthTemp = rightXRangeTemp / (leftXRangeTemp + rightXRangeTemp) * (mainWidth - splitWidth);
leftStretch = (leftWidthTemp + splitWidth/2) / leftWidthTemp;
leftXRange = leftXRangeTemp * leftStretch;
leftWidth = leftWidthTemp * leftStretch;
rightStretch = (rightWidthTemp + splitWidth/2) / rightWidthTemp;
rightXRange = rightXRangeTemp * rightStretch;
rightWidth = rightWidthTemp * rightStretch;
leftXLim = [mainXLim(1) mainXLim(1)+leftXRange];
rightXLim = [mainXLim(2)-rightXRange mainXLim(2)];
if (strcmp(mainXDir, \'normal\'))
leftPosition = mainPosition;
leftPosition(3) = leftWidth;
rightPosition = mainPosition;
rightPosition(1) = mainPosition(1) + leftWidth;
rightPosition(3) = rightWidth;
else
%Left Axis will actually go on the right side a vise versa
rightPosition = mainPosition;
rightPosition(3) = rightWidth;
leftPosition = mainPosition;
leftPosition(1) = mainPosition(1) + rightWidth;
leftPosition(3) = leftWidth;
end
%Create the Annotations layer, if the Layer is top, draw the axes on
%top (e.g. after) drawing the left and right pane
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'bottom\')
annotationAxes = CreateAnnotaionAxes(mainAxes,mainParent)
end
%Create and position the leftAxes. Remove all Y Axis Annotations, the
%title, and a potentially offensive tick mark
leftAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(leftAxes,\'Position\', leftPosition, ...
\'XLim\', leftXLim, ...
\'YLim\', mainYLim, ...
\'YGrid\' ,\'off\', ...
\'YMinorGrid\', \'off\', ...
\'YMinorTick\',\'off\', ...
\'YTick\', [], ...
\'YTickLabel\', [], ...
\'box\',\'off\');
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'bottom\')
set(leftAxes,\'Color\',\'none\');
end
delete(get(leftAxes,\'YLabel\'));
delete(get(leftAxes,\'XLabel\'));
delete(get(leftAxes,\'Title\'));
if strcmp(mainYTickLabelMode,\'auto\')
xTick = get(leftAxes,\'XTick\');
set(leftAxes,\'XTick\',xTick(1:(end-1)));
end
%Create and position the rightAxes. Remove all Y Axis annotations, the
%title, and a potentially offensive tick mark
rightAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(rightAxes,\'Position\', rightPosition, ...
\'XLim\', rightXLim, ...
\'YLim\', mainYLim, ...
\'YGrid\' ,\'off\', ...
\'YMinorGrid\', \'off\', ...
\'YMinorTick\',\'off\', ...
\'YTick\', [], ...
\'YTickLabel\', [], ...
\'box\',\'off\');
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'bottom\')
set(rightAxes,\'Color\',\'none\');
end
delete(get(rightAxes,\'YLabel\'));
delete(get(rightAxes,\'XLabel\'));
delete(get(rightAxes,\'Title\'));
if strcmp(mainYTickLabelMode,\'auto\')
xTick = get(rightAxes,\'XTick\');
set(rightAxes,\'XTick\',xTick(2:end));
end
%Create the Annotations layer, if the Layer is top, draw the axes on
%top (e.g. after) drawing the left and right pane
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'top\')
annotationAxes = CreateAnnotaionAxes(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(annotationAxes, \'Color\',\'none\');
end
%Create breakAxes, remove all graphics objects and hide all annotations
breakAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
children = get(breakAxes,\'Children\');
for i = 1:numel(children)
delete(children(i));
end
set(breakAxes,\'Color\',\'none\');
%Stretch the breakAxes vertically to cover the horzontal axes lines
orignalUnits = get(breakAxes,\'Units\');
set(breakAxes,\'Units\',\'Pixel\');
breakPosition = get(breakAxes,\'Position\');
nudgeFactor = get(breakAxes,\'LineWidth\');
breakPosition(4) = breakPosition(4) + nudgeFactor;
set(breakAxes,\'Position\',breakPosition);
set(breakAxes,\'Units\',orignalUnits);
%Stretch the breakAxes vertically to create an overhang for sylistic
%effect
breakPosition = get(breakAxes,\'Position\');
breakPosition(2) = breakPosition(2) - yOverhang;
breakPosition(4) = breakPosition(4) + 2*yOverhang;
set(breakAxes,\'Position\',breakPosition);
%Create a sine shaped patch to seperate the 2 sides
breakXLim = [mainPosition(1) mainPosition(1)+mainPosition(3)];
set(breakAxes,\'xlim\',breakXLim);
theta = linspace(0,2*pi,100);
yPoints = linspace(mainYLim(1),mainYLim(2),100);
amp = splitWidth/2 * 0.9;
xPoints1 = amp * sin(theta) + mainPosition(1) + leftWidthTemp;
xPoints2 = amp * sin(theta) + mainPosition(1) + mainPosition(3) - rightWidthTemp;
patchPointsX = [xPoints1 xPoints2(end:-1:1) xPoints1(1)];
patchPointsY = [yPoints yPoints(end:-1:1) yPoints(1)];
patch(patchPointsX,patchPointsY ,figureColor,\'EdgeColor\',figureColor,\'Parent\',breakAxes);
%Create A Line To Delineate the left and right edge of the patch
line(\'xData\',xPoints1,\'ydata\',yPoints,\'Parent\',breakAxes,\'Color\',mainYColor,\'LineWidth\',mainLineWidth);
line(\'xData\',xPoints2,\'ydata\',yPoints,\'Parent\',breakAxes,\'Color\',mainYColor,\'LineWidth\',mainLineWidth);
set(breakAxes,\'Visible\',\'off\');
%Make the old main axes invisiable
invisibleObjects = RecursiveSetVisibleOff(mainAxes);
%Preserve the z-order of the figure
uistack([leftAxes rightAxes breakAxes annotationAxes],\'down\',zOrder-1)
%Set the rezise mode to position so that we can dynamically change the
%size of the figure without screwing things up
set([leftAxes rightAxes breakAxes annotationAxes],\'ActivePositionProperty\',\'Position\');
%Playing with the titles labels etc can cause matlab to reposition
%the axes in some cases. Mannually force the position to be correct.
set([breakAxes annotationAxes],\'Position\',mainPosition);
%Save the axes so we can unbreak the axis easily
breakInfo = struct();
breakInfo.leftAxes = leftAxes;
breakInfo.rightAxes = rightAxes;
breakInfo.breakAxes = breakAxes;
breakInfo.annotationAxes = annotationAxes;
breakInfo.invisibleObjects = invisibleObjects;
end
function list = RecursiveSetVisibleOff(handle)
list = [];
list = SetVisibleOff(handle,list);
end
function list = SetVisibleOff(handle, list)
if (strcmp(get(handle,\'Visible\'),\'on\'))
set(handle,\'Visible\',\'off\');
list = [list handle];
end
children = get(handle,\'Children\');
for i = 1:numel(children)
list = SetVisibleOff(children(i),list);
end
end
function annotationAxes = CreateAnnotaionAxes(mainAxes,mainParent)
%Create Annotation Axis, Remove graphics objects, XAxis annotations
%(except XLabel) and make background transparent
annotationAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(annotationAxes,\'YLimMode\',\'Manual\');
children = get(annotationAxes,\'Children\');
for i = 1:numel(children)
delete(children(i));
end
%Save the xLabelpostion because it will move when we delete xAxis
%ticks
xLabel = get(annotationAxes,\'XLabel\');
xLabelPosition = get(xLabel,\'Position\');
set(annotationAxes,\'XGrid\' ,\'off\', ...
\'XMinorGrid\', \'off\', ...
\'XMinorTick\',\'off\', ...
\'XTick\', [], ...
\'XTickLabel\', []);
%Restore the pevious label postition
set(xLabel,\'Position\',xLabelPosition);
end
breakyaxis.m
% breakyaxes splits data in an axes so that data is in a low and high pane.
%
% breakYAxes(splitYLim) splitYLim is a 2 element vector containing a range
% of y values from splitYLim(1) to splitYLim(2) to remove from the axes.
% They must be within the current yLimis of the axes.
%
% breakYAxes(splitYLim,splitHeight) splitHeight is the distance to
% seperate the low and high side. Units are the same as
% get(AX,\'uints\') default is 0.015
%
% breakYAxes(splitYLim,splitHeight,xOverhang) xOverhang stretches the
% axis split graphic to extend past the top and bottom of the plot by
% the distance set by XOverhang. Units are the same as get(AX,\'units\')
% default value is 0.015
%
% breakYAxes(AX, ...) performs the operation on the axis specified by AX
%
% From: https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/45760-break-y-axis?s_tid=srchtitle
% demo: breakyaxis([80 110]);
function breakInfo = breakyaxis(varargin)
%Validate Arguements
if nargin < 1 || nargin > 4
error(\'Wrong number of arguements\');
end
if isscalar(varargin{1}) && ishandle(varargin{1})
mainAxes = varargin{1};
argOffset = 1;
argCnt = nargin - 1;
if ~strcmp(get(mainAxes,\'Type\'),\'axes\')
error(\'Handle object must be Type Axes\');
end
else
mainAxes = gca;
argOffset = 0;
argCnt = nargin;
end
if (strcmp(get(mainAxes,\'XScale\'),\'log\'))
error(\'Log X Axes are not supported\');
end
if (argCnt < 3)
xOverhang = 0.015;
else
xOverhang = varargin{3 + argOffset};
if numel(xOverhang) ~= 1 || ~isreal(xOverhang) || ~isnumeric(xOverhang)
error(\'XOverhang must be a scalar number\');
elseif (xOverhang < 0)
error(\'XOverhang must not be negative\');
end
xOverhang = double(xOverhang);
end
if (argCnt < 2)
splitHeight = 0.015;
else
splitHeight = varargin{2 + argOffset};
if numel(xOverhang) ~= 1 || ~isreal(xOverhang) || ~isnumeric(xOverhang)
error(\'splitHeight must be a scalar number\');
elseif (xOverhang < 0)
error(\'splitHeight must not be negative\');
end
splitHeight = double(splitHeight);
end
splitYLim = varargin{1 + argOffset};
if numel(splitYLim) ~= 2 || ~isnumeric(splitYLim) || ~isreal(xOverhang)
error(splitYLim,\'Must be a vector length 2\');
end
splitYLim = double(splitYLim);
mainYLim = get(mainAxes,\'YLim\');
if (any(splitYLim >= mainYLim(2)) || any(splitYLim <= mainYLim(1)))
error(\'splitYLim must be in the range given by get(AX,\'\'YLim\'\')\');
end
mainPosition = get(mainAxes,\'Position\');
if (splitHeight > mainPosition(3) )
error(\'Split width is too large\')
end
%We need to create 4 axes
% lowAxes - is used for the low y axis and low pane data
% highAxes - is used to the high y axis and high pane data
% annotationAxes - is used to display the x axis and title
% breakAxes - this is an axes with the same size and position as main
% is it used to draw a seperator between the low and high side
%Grab Some Parameters from the main axis (e.g the one we are spliting)
mainYLim = get(mainAxes,\'YLim\');
mainXLim = get(mainAxes,\'XLim\');
mainPosition = get(mainAxes,\'Position\');
mainParent = get(mainAxes,\'Parent\');
mainHeight = mainPosition(4); %Positions have the format [low bottom width height]
%mainYRange = mainYLim(2) - mainYLim(1);
mainFigure = get(mainAxes,\'Parent\');
mainXColor = get(mainAxes,\'XColor\');
mainLineWidth = get(mainAxes,\'LineWidth\');
figureColor = get(mainFigure,\'Color\');
mainXTickLabelMode = get(mainAxes,\'XTickLabelMode\');
mainYLabel = get(mainAxes,\'YLabel\');
mainYDir = get(mainAxes,\'YDir\');
mainLayer = get(mainAxes,\'Layer\');
%Save Main Axis Z Order
figureChildren = get(mainFigure,\'Children\');
zOrder = find(figureChildren == mainAxes);
%Calculate where axesLow and axesHigh will be layed on screen
%And their respctive YLimits
lowYLimTemp = [mainYLim(1) splitYLim(1)];
highYLimTemp = [splitYLim(2) mainYLim(2)];
lowYRangeTemp = lowYLimTemp(2) - lowYLimTemp(1);
highYRangeTemp = highYLimTemp(2) - highYLimTemp(1);
lowHeightTemp = lowYRangeTemp / (lowYRangeTemp + highYRangeTemp) * (mainHeight - splitHeight);
highHeightTemp = highYRangeTemp / (lowYRangeTemp + highYRangeTemp) * (mainHeight - splitHeight);
lowStretch = (lowHeightTemp + splitHeight/2) / lowHeightTemp;
lowYRange = lowYRangeTemp * lowStretch;
lowHeight = lowHeightTemp * lowStretch;
highStretch = (highHeightTemp + splitHeight/2) / highHeightTemp;
highYRange = highYRangeTemp * highStretch;
highHeight = highHeightTemp * highStretch;
lowYLim = [mainYLim(1) mainYLim(1)+lowYRange];
highYLim = [mainYLim(2)-highYRange mainYLim(2)];
if (strcmp(mainYDir, \'normal\'))
lowPosition = mainPosition;
lowPosition(4) = lowHeight;
highPosition = mainPosition; %(!!!) look here for position indices!
highPosition(2) = mainPosition(2) + lowHeight;
highPosition(4) = highHeight;
else
%Low Axis will actually go on the high side a vise versa
highPosition = mainPosition;
highPosition(4) = highHeight;
lowPosition = mainPosition;
lowPosition(2) = mainPosition(2) + highHeight;
lowPosition(4) = lowHeight;
end
%Create the Annotations layer, if the Layer is top, draw the axes on
%top (e.g. after) drawing the low and high pane
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'bottom\')
annotationAxes = CreateAnnotaionAxes(mainAxes,mainParent)
end
%Create and position the lowAxes. Remove all X Axis Annotations, the
%title, and a potentially offensive tick mark
lowAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(lowAxes,\'Position\', lowPosition, ...
\'YLim\', lowYLim, ...
\'XLim\', mainXLim, ...
\'XGrid\' ,\'off\', ...
\'XMinorGrid\', \'off\', ...
\'XMinorTick\',\'off\', ...
\'XTick\', [], ...
\'XTickLabel\', [], ...
\'box\',\'off\');
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'bottom\')
set(lowAxes,\'Color\',\'none\');
end
delete(get(lowAxes,\'XLabel\'));
delete(get(lowAxes,\'YLabel\'));
delete(get(lowAxes,\'Title\'));
if strcmp(mainXTickLabelMode,\'auto\')
yTick = get(lowAxes,\'YTick\');
set(lowAxes,\'YTick\',yTick(1:(end-1)));
end
%Create and position the highAxes. Remove all X Axis annotations, the
%title, and a potentially offensive tick mark
highAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(highAxes,\'Position\', highPosition, ...
\'YLim\', highYLim, ...
\'XLim\', mainXLim, ...
\'XGrid\' ,\'off\', ...
\'XMinorGrid\', \'off\', ...
\'XMinorTick\',\'off\', ...
\'XTick\', [], ...
\'XTickLabel\', [], ...
\'box\',\'off\');
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'bottom\') %(!!!) is it only about layers?
set(highAxes,\'Color\',\'none\');
end
delete(get(highAxes,\'XLabel\'));
delete(get(highAxes,\'YLabel\'));
delete(get(highAxes,\'Title\'));
if strcmp(mainXTickLabelMode,\'auto\')
yTick = get(highAxes,\'YTick\');
set(highAxes,\'YTick\',yTick(2:end));
end
%Create the Annotations layer, if the Layer is top, draw the axes on
%top (e.g. after) drawing the low and high pane
if strcmp(mainLayer,\'top\')
annotationAxes = CreateAnnotaionAxes(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(annotationAxes, \'Color\',\'none\');
end
%Create breakAxes, remove all graphics objects and hide all annotations
breakAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
children = get(breakAxes,\'Children\');
for i = 1:numel(children)
delete(children(i));
end
set(breakAxes,\'Color\',\'none\');
%Stretch the breakAxes horizontally to cover the vertical axes lines
orignalUnits = get(breakAxes,\'Units\');
set(breakAxes,\'Units\',\'Pixel\');
breakPosition = get(breakAxes,\'Position\');
nudgeFactor = get(breakAxes,\'LineWidth\');
breakPosition(3) = breakPosition(3) + nudgeFactor;
set(breakAxes,\'Position\',breakPosition);
set(breakAxes,\'Units\',orignalUnits);
%Stretch the breakAxes horizontally to create an overhang for sylistic
%effect
breakPosition = get(breakAxes,\'Position\');
breakPosition(1) = breakPosition(1) - xOverhang;
breakPosition(3) = breakPosition(3) + 2*xOverhang;
set(breakAxes,\'Position\',breakPosition);
%Create a sine shaped patch to seperate the 2 sides
breakYLim = [mainPosition(2) mainPosition(2)+mainPosition(4)];
set(breakAxes,\'ylim\',breakYLim);
theta = linspace(0,2*pi,100);
xPoints = linspace(mainXLim(1),mainXLim(2),100);
amp = splitHeight/2 * 0.9;
yPoints1 = amp * sin(theta) + mainPosition(2) + lowHeightTemp;
yPoints2 = amp * sin(theta) + mainPosition(2) + mainPosition(4) - highHeightTemp;
patchPointsY = [yPoints1 yPoints2(end:-1:1) yPoints1(1)];
patchPointsX = [xPoints xPoints(end:-1:1) xPoints(1)];
patch(patchPointsX,patchPointsY ,figureColor,\'EdgeColor\',figureColor,\'Parent\',breakAxes); %use of pathc(!!!)?
%Create A Line To Delineate the low and high edge of the patch
line(\'yData\',yPoints1,\'xdata\',xPoints,\'Parent\',breakAxes,\'Color\',mainXColor,\'LineWidth\',mainLineWidth);
line(\'yData\',yPoints2,\'xdata\',xPoints,\'Parent\',breakAxes,\'Color\',mainXColor,\'LineWidth\',mainLineWidth);
set(breakAxes,\'Visible\',\'off\');
%Make the old main axes invisiable
invisibleObjects = RecursiveSetVisibleOff(mainAxes);
%Preserve the z-order of the figure
uistack([lowAxes highAxes breakAxes annotationAxes],\'down\',zOrder-1)
%Set the rezise mode to position so that we can dynamically change the
%size of the figure without screwing things up
set([lowAxes highAxes breakAxes annotationAxes],\'ActivePositionProperty\',\'Position\');
%Playing with the titles labels etc can cause matlab to reposition
%the axes in some cases. Mannually force the position to be correct.
set([breakAxes annotationAxes],\'Position\',mainPosition);
%Save the axes so we can unbreak the axis easily
breakInfo = struct();
breakInfo.lowAxes = lowAxes;
breakInfo.highAxes = highAxes;
breakInfo.breakAxes = breakAxes;
breakInfo.annotationAxes = annotationAxes;
breakInfo.invisibleObjects = invisibleObjects;
end
function list = RecursiveSetVisibleOff(handle)
list = [];
list = SetVisibleOff(handle,list);
end
function list = SetVisibleOff(handle, list)
if (strcmp(get(handle,\'Visible\'),\'on\'))
set(handle,\'Visible\',\'off\');
list = [list handle];
end
children = get(handle,\'Children\');
for i = 1:numel(children)
list = SetVisibleOff(children(i),list);
end
end
function annotationAxes = CreateAnnotaionAxes(mainAxes,mainParent)
%Create Annotation Axis, Remove graphics objects, YAxis annotations
%(except YLabel) and make background transparent
annotationAxes = copyobj(mainAxes,mainParent);
set(annotationAxes,\'XLimMode\',\'Manual\');
children = get(annotationAxes,\'Children\');
for i = 1:numel(children)
delete(children(i));
end
%Save the yLabelpostion because it will move when we delete yAxis
%ticks
yLabel = get(annotationAxes,\'YLabel\');
yLabelPosition = get(yLabel,\'Position\');
set(annotationAxes,\'YGrid\' ,\'off\', ...
\'YMinorGrid\', \'off\', ...
\'YMinorTick\',\'off\', ...
\'YTick\', [], ...
\'YTickLabel\', []);
%Restore the pevious label postition
set(yLabel,\'Position\',yLabelPosition);
end
demo.m
clear; clc; close all; % 纵轴截断后图像 % 作者：凯鲁嘎吉 - 博客园 http://www.cnblogs.com/kailugaji/ % 数据 data=[2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1 3 2.5 2.1 2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.2 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3 3 3 3 3 2.5 10.8 10.6 10.5 10.2 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.1 ]; % 参数设置 x_min=0.1; %横坐标刻度最小值 x_interval=0.1; %横坐标刻度间隔距离 x_max=1; %横坐标刻度最大值 X=x_min:x_interval:x_max; h=plot(X, data(1, :), \'k*-\', X, data(2, :), \'g^-\', X, data(3, :), \'r-s\', X, data(4, :), \'b-x\', \'MarkerFaceColor\',\'y\', \'MarkerSize\',7); set(gcf,\'color\',\'w\') %后面背景变白 xlim([x_min x_max]); %横坐标范围 xlabel(\'x\'); string=\'y\'; ylabel(string); legend(\'Line-1\', \'Line-2\', \'Line-3\', \'Line-4\', \'Location\',\'northoutside\', \'NumColumns\',4); %图例 % 调用已有的代码，两个函数只能调用一个，不能同时调用，出错 breakyaxis([4 9]); % 截断纵坐标 % breakxaxis([0.5 0.9]); %截断横坐标 saveas(gcf,sprintf(\'Other_Break_Axis.jpg\'),\'bmp\'); %保存图片
6. 纵轴刻度值不均匀
如果想要纵轴刻度值不均匀，可以在plot();后面加一句set(gca,\'yscale\',\'log\')即可，但是对于不是对数取值的图像来说，效果并不是很好，如下图。
clear; clc; close all; % 作者：凯鲁嘎吉 - 博客园 http://www.cnblogs.com/kailugaji/ % 原始图片 data=[2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1 3 2.5 2.1 2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.2 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3 3 3 3 3 2.5 10.8 10.6 10.5 10.2 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.1 ]; x_min=0.1; %横坐标刻度最小值 x_interval=0.1; %横坐标刻度间隔距离 x_max=1; %横坐标刻度最大值 X=x_min:x_interval:x_max; h=plot(X, data(1, :), \'k*-\', X, data(2, :), \'g^-\', X, data(3, :), \'r-s\', X, data(4, :), \'b-x\', \'MarkerFaceColor\',\'y\', \'MarkerSize\',7); set(gca,\'yscale\',\'log\') set(gcf,\'color\',\'w\') %后面背景变白 xlim([x_min x_max]); %横坐标范围 xlabel(\'x\'); string=\'y\'; ylabel(string); legend(\'Line-1\', \'Line-2\', \'Line-3\', \'Line-4\', \'Location\',\'northoutside\', \'NumColumns\',4); %图例 saveas(gcf,sprintf(\'Log image.jpg\'),\'bmp\'); %保存图片
