1、使用imagesc函数，绘制出彩色矩阵块
matrix_data = [1,2,3;4,5,6;7,8,9]; imagesc(matrix_data);
2、原文链接
别人写的matrixplot函数
function matrixplot(data,varargin)
% 根据实值矩阵绘制色块图，用丰富的颜色和形状形象的展示矩阵元素值的大小。
%
% matrixplot(data) 绘制矩阵色块图，data为实值矩阵，每一个元素对应一个色块，色
% 块颜色由元素值大小决定。
%
% matrixplot(data, \'PARAM1\',val1, \'PARAM2\',val2, ...)
% 用成对出现的参数名/参数值控制色块的各项属性。可用的参数名/参数值如下：
% \'FigShape\' --- 设定色块的形状，其参数值为：
% \'Square\' --- 方形（默认）
% \'Circle\' --- 圆形
% \'Ellipse\' --- 椭圆形
% \'Hexagon\' --- 六边形
% \'Dial\' --- 表盘形
%
% \'FigSize\' --- 设定色块的大小，其参数值为：
% \'Full\' --- 最大色块（默认）
% \'Auto\' --- 根据矩阵元素值自动确定色块大小
%
% \'FigStyle\' --- 设定矩阵图样式，其参数值为：
% \'Auto\' --- 矩形矩阵图（默认）
% \'Tril\' --- 下三角矩阵图
% \'Triu\' --- 上三角矩阵图
%
% \'FillStyle\' --- 设定色块填充样式，其参数值为：
% \'Fill\' --- 填充色块内部（默认）
% \'NoFill\' --- 不填充色块内部
%
% \'DisplayOpt\' --- 设定是否在色块中显示矩阵元素值，其参数值为：
% \'On\' --- 显示矩阵元素值（默认）
% \'Off\' --- 不显示矩阵元素值
%
% \'TextColor\' --- 设定文字的颜色，其参数值为：
% 表示单色的字符（\'r\',\'g\',\'b\',\'y\',\'m\',\'c\',\'w\',\'k\'）,默认为黑色
% 1行3列的红、绿、蓝三元色灰度值向量（[r,g,b]）
% \'Auto\' --- 根据矩阵元素值自动确定文字颜色
%
% \'XVarNames\' --- 设定X轴方向需要显示的变量名（默认为X1,X2,...），其参数值为：
% 字符串矩阵或字符串元胞数组，若为字符串矩阵，其行数应与data的列数相同
% 若为字符串元胞数组，其长度应与data的列数相同。
%
% \'YVarNames\' --- 设定Y轴方向需要显示的变量名（默认为Y1,Y2,...），其参数值为：
% 字符串矩阵或字符串元胞数组，若为字符串矩阵，其行数应与data的行数相同
% 若为字符串元胞数组，其长度应与data的行数相同。
%
% \'ColorBar\' --- 设定是否显示颜色条，其参数值为：
% \'On\' --- 显示颜色条
% \'Off\' --- 不显示颜色条（默认）
%
% \'Grid\' --- 设定是否显示网格线，其参数值为：
% \'On\' --- 显示网格线（默认）
% \'Off\' --- 不显示网格线
%
% Example:
% x = [1,-0.2,0.3,0.8,-0.5
% -0.2,1,0.6,-0.7,0.2
% 0.3,0.6,1,0.5,-0.3
% 0.8,-0.7,0.5,1,0.7
% -0.5,0.2,-0.3,0.7,1];
% matrixplot(x);
% matrixplot(x,\'DisplayOpt\',\'off\');
% matrixplot(x,\'FillStyle\',\'nofill\',\'TextColor\',\'Auto\');
% matrixplot(x,\'TextColor\',[0.7,0.7,0.7],\'FigShap\',\'s\',\'FigSize\',\'Auto\',\'ColorBar\',\'on\');
% matrixplot(x,\'TextColor\',\'k\',\'FigShap\',\'d\',\'FigSize\',\'Full\',\'ColorBar\',\'on\',\'FigStyle\',\'Triu\');
% XVarNames = {\'xiezhh\',\'heping\',\'keda\',\'tust\',\'tianjin\'};
% matrixplot(x,\'FigShap\',\'e\',\'FigSize\',\'Auto\',\'ColorBar\',\'on\',\'XVarNames\',XVarNames,\'YVarNames\',XVarNames);
% 对第一个输入参数类型进行判断
if ~ismatrix(data) || ~isreal(data)
error(\'输入参数类型不匹配：第一个输入参数应为实值矩阵\');
end
% 解析成对出现的参数名/参数值
[FigShape,FigSize,FigStyle,FillStyle,DisplayOpt,TextColor,XVarNames,...
YVarNames,ColorBar,GridOpt] = parseInputs(varargin{:});
% 产生网格数据
[m,n] = size(data);
[x,y] = meshgrid(0:n,0:m);
data = data(:);
maxdata = nanmax(data);
mindata = nanmin(data);
rangedata = maxdata - mindata;
if isnan(rangedata)
warning(\'MATLAB:warning1\',\'请检查您输入的矩阵是否合适！\');
return;
end
z = zeros(size(x))+0.2;
sx = x(1:end-1,1:end-1)+0.5;
sy = y(1:end-1,1:end-1)+0.5;
if strncmpi(FigStyle,\'Tril\',4)
z(triu(ones(size(z)),2)>0) = NaN;
sx(triu(ones(size(sx)),1)>0) = NaN;
elseif strncmpi(FigStyle,\'Triu\',4)
z(tril(ones(size(z)),-2)>0) = NaN;
sx(tril(ones(size(sx)),-1)>0) = NaN;
end
sx = sx(:);
sy = sy(:);
id = isnan(sx) | isnan(data);
sx(id) = [];
sy(id) = [];
data(id) = [];
if isempty(XVarNames)
XVarNames = strcat(\'X\',cellstr(num2str((1:n)\')));
else
if (iscell(XVarNames) && (numel(XVarNames) ~= n)) || (~iscell(XVarNames) && (size(XVarNames,1) ~= n))
error(\'X轴方向变量名应为字符串矩阵或字符串元胞数组，其长度与输入矩阵的列数相同\');
end
end
if isempty(YVarNames)
YVarNames = strcat(\'Y\',cellstr(num2str((1:m)\')));
else
if (iscell(YVarNames) && (numel(YVarNames) ~= m)) || (~iscell(YVarNames) && (size(YVarNames,1) ~= m))
error(\'Y轴方向变量名应为字符串矩阵或字符串元胞数组，其长度与输入矩阵的行数相同\');
end
end
% 绘图
figure(\'color\',\'w\',...
\'units\',\'normalized\',...
\'pos\',[0.289165,0.154948,0.409956,0.68099]);
axes(\'units\',\'normalized\',\'pos\',[0.1,0.022,0.89,0.85]);
if strncmpi(GridOpt,\'On\',2)
mesh(x,y,z,...
\'EdgeColor\',[0.7,0.7,0.7],...
\'FaceAlpha\',0,...
\'LineWidth\',1); % 参考网格线
end
hold on;
axis equal;
axis([-0.1,n+0.1,-0.1,m+0.1,-0.5,0.5]);
view(2);
% 设置X轴和Y轴刻度位置及标签
set(gca,\'Xtick\',(1:n)-0.5,...
\'XtickLabel\',XVarNames,...
\'Ytick\',(1:m)-0.5,...
\'YtickLabel\',YVarNames,...
\'XAxisLocation\',\'top\',...
\'YDir\',\'reverse\',...
\'Xcolor\',[0.7,0.7,0.7],...
\'Ycolor\',[0.7,0.7,0.7],...
\'TickLength\',[0,0]);
axis off
% 绘制填充色块
if strncmpi(FillStyle,\'Fill\',3)
MyPatch(sx\',sy\',data\',FigShape,FigSize);
end
% 显示数值文本信息
if strncmpi(DisplayOpt,\'On\',2)
str = num2str(data,\'%4.2f\');
scale = 0.1*max(n/m,1)/(max(m,n)^0.55);
if strncmpi(TextColor,\'Auto\',3)
ColorMat = get(gcf,\'ColorMap\');
nc = size(ColorMat,1);
cid = fix(mapminmax(data\',0,1)*nc)+1;
cid(cid<1) = 1;
cid(cid>nc) = nc;
TextColor = ColorMat(cid,:);
for i = 1:numel(data)
text(sx(i),sy(i),0.1,str(i,:),...
\'FontUnits\',\'normalized\',...
\'FontSize\',scale,...
\'fontweight\',\'bold\',...
\'HorizontalAlignment\',\'center\',...
\'Color\',TextColor(i,:));
end
else
text(sx,sy,0.1*ones(size(sx)),str,...
\'FontUnits\',\'normalized\',...
\'FontSize\',scale,...
\'fontweight\',\'bold\',...
\'HorizontalAlignment\',\'center\',...
\'Color\',TextColor);
end
end
% 设置X轴和Y轴刻度标签的缩进方式
MyTickLabel(gca,FigStyle);
% 添加颜色条
if strncmpi(ColorBar,\'On\',2)
if any(strncmpi(FigStyle,{\'Auto\',\'Triu\'},4))
colorbar(\'Location\',\'EastOutside\');
else
colorbar(\'Location\',\'SouthOutside\');
end
end
end
% ---------------------------------------------------
% 调整坐标轴刻度标签子函数
% ---------------------------------------------------
function MyTickLabel(ha,tag)
% 根据显示范围自动调整坐标轴刻度标签的函数
% ha 坐标系句柄值
% tag 调整坐标轴刻度标签的标识字符串，可用取值如下：
% \'Auto\' --- 将x轴刻度标签旋转90度，y轴刻度标签不作调整
% \'Tril\' --- 将x轴刻度标签旋转90度，并依次缩进，y轴刻度标签不作调整
% \'Triu\' --- 将x轴刻度标签旋转90度，y轴刻度标签依次缩进
% Example:
% MyTickLabel(gca,\'Tril\');
if ~ishandle(ha)
warning(\'MATLAB:warning2\',\'第一个输入参数应为坐标系句柄\');
return;
end
if ~strcmpi(get(ha,\'type\'),\'axes\')
warning(\'MATLAB:warning3\',\'第一个输入参数应为坐标系句柄\');
return;
end
axes(ha);
xstr = get(ha,\'XTickLabel\');
xtick = get(ha,\'XTick\');
xl = xlim(ha);
ystr = get(ha,\'YTickLabel\');
ytick = get(ha,\'YTick\');
yl = ylim(ha);
set(ha,\'XTickLabel\',[],\'YTickLabel\',[]);
x = zeros(size(ytick)) + xl(1) - range(xl)/30;
y = zeros(size(xtick)) + yl(1) - range(yl)/70;
nx = numel(xtick);
ny = numel(ytick);
if strncmpi(tag,\'Tril\',4)
y = y + (1:nx) - 1;
elseif strncmpi(tag,\'Triu\',4)
x = x + (1:ny) - 1;
end
text(xtick,y,xstr,...
\'rotation\',90,...
\'Interpreter\',\'none\',...
\'color\',\'r\',...
\'HorizontalAlignment\',\'left\');
text(x,ytick,ystr,...
\'Interpreter\',\'none\',...
\'color\',\'r\',...
\'HorizontalAlignment\',\'right\');
end
% ---------------------------------------------------
% 根据散点数据绘制3维色块图子函数
% ---------------------------------------------------
function MyPatch(x,y,z,FigShape,FigSize)
% 根据散点数据绘制3维色块图
% MyPatch(x,y,z,FigShape,FigSize) x,y,z是实值数组，用来指定色块中心点三维
% 坐标。FigShape是字符串变量，用来指定色块形状。
% FigSize是字符串变量，用来指定色块大小。
%
% Example：
% x = rand(10,1);
% y = rand(10,1);
% z = rand(10,1);
% MyPatch(x,y,z,\'s\',\'Auto\');
%
% 输入参数类型判断
if nargin < 3
error(\'至少需要三个输入参数\');
end
if ~isreal(x) || ~isreal(y) || ~isreal(z)
error(\'前三个输入应为实值数组\');
end
n = numel(z);
if numel(x) ~= n || numel(y) ~= n
error(\'坐标应等长\');
end
if strncmpi(FigSize,\'Auto\',3) && ~strncmpi(FigShape,\'Ellipse\',1)
id = (z == 0);
x(id) = [];
y(id) = [];
z(id) = [];
end
if isempty(z)
return;
end
% 求色块顶点坐标
rab1 = ones(size(z));
maxz = max(abs(z));
if maxz == 0
maxz = 1;
end
rab2 = abs(z)/maxz;
if strncmpi(FigShape,\'Square\',1)
% 方形
if strncmpi(FigSize,\'Full\',3)
r = rab1;
else
r = sqrt(rab2);
end
SquareVertices(x,y,z,r);
elseif strncmpi(FigShape,\'Circle\',1)
% 圆形
if strncmpi(FigSize,\'Full\',3)
r = 0.5*rab1;
else
r = 0.5*sqrt(rab2);
end
CircleVertices(x,y,z,r);
elseif strncmpi(FigShape,\'Ellipse\',1)
% 椭圆形
a = 0.48 + rab2*(0.57-0.48);
b = (1-rab2).*a;
EllipseVertices(x,y,z,a,b);
elseif strncmpi(FigShape,\'Hexagon\',1)
% 六边形
if strncmpi(FigSize,\'Full\',3)
r = 0.5*rab1;
else
r = 0.5*sqrt(rab2);
end
HexagonVertices(x,y,z,r);
else
% 表盘形
if strncmpi(FigSize,\'Full\',3)
r = 0.45*rab1;
else
r = 0.45*sqrt(rab2);
end
DialVertices(x,y,z,r);
end
end
%--------------------------------------------------
% 求色块顶点坐标并绘制色块的子函数
%--------------------------------------------------
function SquareVertices(x,y,z,r)
% 方形
hx = r/2;
hy = hx;
Xp = [x-hx;x-hx;x+hx;x+hx;x-hx];
Yp = [y-hy;y+hy;y+hy;y-hy;y-hy];
Zp = repmat(z,[5,1]);
patch(Xp,Yp,Zp,\'FaceColor\',\'flat\',\'EdgeColor\',\'flat\');
end
function CircleVertices(x,y,z,r)
% 圆形
t = linspace(0,2*pi,30)\';
m = numel(t);
Xp = repmat(x,[m,1])+cos(t)*r;
Yp = repmat(y,[m,1])+sin(t)*r;
Zp = repmat(z,[m,1]);
patch(Xp,Yp,Zp,\'FaceColor\',\'flat\',\'EdgeColor\',\'flat\');
end
function EllipseVertices(x,y,z,a,b)
% 椭圆形
t = linspace(0,2*pi,30)\';
m = numel(t);
t0 = -sign(z)*pi/4;
t0 = repmat(t0,[m,1]);
x0 = cos(t)*a;
y0 = sin(t)*b;
Xp = repmat(x,[m,1]) + x0.*cos(t0) - y0.*sin(t0);
Yp = repmat(y,[m,1]) + x0.*sin(t0) + y0.*cos(t0);
Zp = repmat(z,[m,1]);
patch(Xp,Yp,Zp,\'FaceColor\',\'flat\',\'EdgeColor\',\'flat\');
end
function HexagonVertices(x,y,z,r)
% 六边形
t = linspace(0,2*pi,7)\';
m = numel(t);
Xp = repmat(x,[m,1])+cos(t)*r;
Yp = repmat(y,[m,1])+sin(t)*r;
Zp = repmat(z,[m,1]);
patch(Xp,Yp,Zp,\'FaceColor\',\'flat\',\'EdgeColor\',\'flat\');
end
function DialVertices(x,y,z,r)
% 表盘形
% 绘制表盘扇形
maxz = max(abs(z));
t0 = z*2*pi/maxz-pi/2;
t0 = cell2mat(arrayfun(@(x)linspace(-pi/2,x,30)\',t0,\'UniformOutput\',0));
m = size(t0,1);
r0 = repmat(r,[m,1]);
Xp = [x;repmat(x,[m,1]) + r0.*cos(t0);x];
Yp = [y;repmat(y,[m,1]) + r0.*sin(t0);y];
Zp = repmat(z,[m+2,1]);
patch(Xp,Yp,Zp,\'FaceColor\',\'flat\',\'EdgeColor\',[0,0,0]);
% 绘制表盘圆周
t = linspace(0,2*pi,30)\';
m = numel(t);
Xp = repmat(x,[m,1])+cos(t)*r;
Yp = repmat(y,[m,1])+sin(t)*r;
Zp = repmat(z,[m,1]);
Xp = [Xp;flipud(Xp)];
Yp = [Yp;flipud(Yp)];
Zp = [Zp;flipud(Zp)];
patch(Xp,Yp,Zp,\'FaceColor\',\'flat\',\'EdgeColor\',[0,0,0]);
end
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
% 解析输入参数子函数1
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
function [FigShape,FigSize,FigStyle,FillStyle,DisplayOpt,TextColor,...
XVarNames,YVarNames,ColorBar,GridOpt] = parseInputs(varargin)
if mod(nargin,2)~=0
error(\'输入参数个数不对，应为成对出现\');
end
pnames = {\'FigShape\',\'FigSize\',\'FigStyle\',\'FillStyle\',\'DisplayOpt\',...
\'TextColor\',\'XVarNames\',\'YVarNames\',\'ColorBar\',\'Grid\'};
dflts = {\'Square\',\'Full\',\'Auto\',\'Fill\',\'On\',\'k\',\'\',\'\',\'Off\',\'On\'};
[FigShape,FigSize,FigStyle,FillStyle,DisplayOpt,TextColor,XVarNames,...
YVarNames,ColorBar,GridOpt] = parseArgs(pnames, dflts, varargin{:});
validateattributes(FigShape,{\'char\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'FigShape\');
validateattributes(FigSize,{\'char\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'FigSize\');
validateattributes(FigStyle,{\'char\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'FigStyle\');
validateattributes(FillStyle,{\'char\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'FillStyle\');
validateattributes(DisplayOpt,{\'char\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'DisplayOpt\');
validateattributes(TextColor,{\'char\',\'numeric\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'TextColor\');
validateattributes(XVarNames,{\'char\',\'cell\'},{},mfilename,\'XVarNames\');
validateattributes(YVarNames,{\'char\',\'cell\'},{},mfilename,\'YVarNames\');
validateattributes(ColorBar,{\'char\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'ColorBar\');
validateattributes(GridOpt,{\'char\'},{\'nonempty\'},mfilename,\'Grid\');
if ~any(strncmpi(FigShape,{\'Square\',\'Circle\',\'Ellipse\',\'Hexagon\',\'Dial\'},1))
error(\'形状参数只能为Square, Circle, Ellipse, Hexagon, Dial 之一\');
end
if ~any(strncmpi(FigSize,{\'Full\',\'Auto\'},3))
error(\'图形大小参数只能为Full, Auto 之一\');
end
if ~any(strncmpi(FigStyle,{\'Auto\',\'Tril\',\'Triu\'},4))
error(\'图形样式参数只能为Auto, Tril, Triu 之一\');
end
if ~any(strncmpi(FillStyle,{\'Fill\',\'NoFill\'},3))
error(\'图形填充样式参数只能为Fill, NoFill 之一\');
end
if ~any(strncmpi(DisplayOpt,{\'On\',\'Off\'},2))
error(\'显示数值参数只能为On，Off 之一\');
end
if ~any(strncmpi(ColorBar,{\'On\',\'Off\'},2))
error(\'显示颜色条参数只能为On，Off 之一\');
end
if ~any(strncmpi(GridOpt,{\'On\',\'Off\'},2))
error(\'显示网格参数只能为On，Off 之一\');
end
end
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
% 解析输入参数子函数2
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
function [varargout] = parseArgs(pnames,dflts,varargin)
% Copyright 2010-2011 The MathWorks, Inc.
% $Revision: 1.1.6.2 $ $Date: 2011/05/09 01:27:26 $
% Initialize some variables
nparams = length(pnames);
varargout = dflts;
setflag = false(1,nparams);
unrecog = {};
nargs = length(varargin);
dosetflag = nargout>nparams;
dounrecog = nargout>(nparams+1);
% Must have name/value pairs
if mod(nargs,2)~=0
m = message(\'stats:internal:parseArgs:WrongNumberArgs\');
throwAsCaller(MException(m.Identifier, \'%s\', getString(m)));
end
% Process name/value pairs
for j=1:2:nargs
pname = varargin{j};
if ~ischar(pname)
m = message(\'stats:internal:parseArgs:IllegalParamName\');
throwAsCaller(MException(m.Identifier, \'%s\', getString(m)));
end
mask = strncmpi(pname,pnames,length(pname)); % look for partial match
if ~any(mask)
if dounrecog
% if they\'ve asked to get back unrecognized names/values, add this
% one to the list
unrecog((end+1):(end+2)) = {varargin{j} varargin{j+1}};
continue
else
% otherwise, it\'s an error
m = message(\'stats:internal:parseArgs:BadParamName\',pname);
throwAsCaller(MException(m.Identifier, \'%s\', getString(m)));
end
elseif sum(mask)>1
mask = strcmpi(pname,pnames); % use exact match to resolve ambiguity
if sum(mask)~=1
m = message(\'stats:internal:parseArgs:AmbiguousParamName\',pname);
throwAsCaller(MException(m.Identifier, \'%s\', getString(m)));
end
end
varargout{mask} = varargin{j+1};
setflag(mask) = true;
end
% Return extra stuff if requested
if dosetflag
varargout{nparams+1} = setflag;
if dounrecog
varargout{nparams+2} = unrecog;
end
end
end