python爬虫-梨视频短视频爬取(线程池)
示例代码
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import requests
from lxml import etree
import random
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool
# 多进程要传的方法，多进程pool.map()传的第二个参数是一个迭代器对象
# 而传的get_video方法也要有一个迭代器参数
def get_video(dic):
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.96 Safari/537.36 Edg/88.0.705.56'
}
video_data = requests.get(url = dic['url'] , headers = headers).content
print(dic['name']+'开始下载')
# 有的文件名中包含空格，在并发执行时会报错，这里用随机数给文件起名了
#path = dic['name']+'.mp4'会报错
path = "./lishipin/"+str(int(random.random()*100)) + '.mp4'
with open(path,'wb') as fp:
fp.write(video_data)
print(dic['name']+'下载成功')
def main():
# web_url:梨视频官网
web_url = 'https://www.pearvideo.com/category_5'
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.96 Safari/537.36 Edg/88.0.705.56'
}
# web_page_tex:官网页面
web_page_text = requests.get(url = web_url,headers = headers).text
tree = etree.HTML(web_page_text)
# 解析梨视频官网“生活栏”中的所有li标签，遍历li标签，提取视频的url
li_list = tree.xpath('//*[@id="listvideoListUl"]/li')
rea_urls=[]
for li in li_list:
# video_name获取视频的名称
video_name = li.xpath('./div/a/div[2]/text()')[0]+'.mp4'
# 加上'https://www.pearvideo.com/'得到完整的video_url
video_url = 'https://www.pearvideo.com/'+li.xpath("./div/a/@href")[0]
# 通过官网界面提取的url，并不是真正的url，
# 因为MP4的视频是动态加载出来的，所以通过ajax请求获取视频的真实网址
# 但是通过分析发现，ajax请求获取的网址是一个伪网址，和真实网址有区别(cont...)
##真地址：https://video.pearvideo.com/mp4/third/20210208/cont-1719874-15690592-205957-ld.mp4
## 1719874
##伪地址：https://video.pearvideo.com/mp4/third/20210208/1612867876612-15690592-205957-ld.mp4
# 通过得到的video_url可以分析到 真假网址 不同的细节之处--countId
# 通过ajax请求向video_url发起get请求，需要加countId和mrd参数
# 分析video_url得到countId，mrd是一个随机小树
countId = video_url.split("/")[-1].split("_")[1]
mrd = random.random()
# 加'Referer'参数，否则会显示该视频已下架了
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.96 Safari/537.36 Edg/88.0.705.56',
'Referer': 'https://www.pearvideo.com/video_' + countId
}
ajax_url = 'https://www.pearvideo.com/videoStatus.jsp'
# 利用ajax请求获取伪地址
# https://www.pearvideo.com/videoStatus.jsp?contId=1719874&mrd=0.7759942025851074
params = {
'contId': str(countId),
'mrd': str(mrd)
}
# 通过ajax请求，发起get请求得到一个json串
ajax_json = requests.get(url = ajax_url,headers = headers,params = params).json()
# 得到的是 假地址
fake_url = ajax_json['videoInfo']['videos']['srcUrl']
# 对假地址进行处理，并把刚才的countId组合起来
fake_url_list = fake_url.split('/')
end = fake_url_list.pop() #删除不必要的字符串
end_list = end.split("-")
end_url = "" #end_url是一个结尾字符串
for i in range(len(end_list)-1):
end_url = end_url + "-"+ end_list[i+1]
# 真实的地址，先用假地址，然后组合countId
rea_url=""
for element in fake_url_list:
rea_url=rea_url+element+"/"
rea_url=rea_url+"cont-"+str(countId) + end_url
# print(rea_url)
dic = {
'url':rea_url,
'name':video_name
}
rea_urls.append(dic)
#print(rea_urls)
pool = Pool(4)
pool.map(get_video,rea_urls)
pool.close()
pool.join()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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知识点扩展：
Python爬虫下载视频（梨视频）
梨视频示例：Ctrl+Alt+L格式化代码
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import re
import requests
import hashlib
import time
# print(respose.status_code)# 响应的状态码
# print(respose.content) #返回字节信息
# print(respose.text) #返回文本内容
mainurl = "https://www.pearvideo.com/"
videourl = "http://www.pearvideo.com/video_1499584"
headers={
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36',
'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, sdch',
'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8',
}
# 获取视频链接列表
def geturls(url):
res=requests.get(url)
urls=re.findall('class="vervideo-tbd".*?href="(.*?)" rel="external nofollow" ',res.text,re.S)
urllist=[]
for i in urls:
prefix='https://www.pearvideo.com/'
urllist.append(prefix+i)
return urllist
# 获取视频链接并下载（写入到硬盘）
def getvideo(url):
res=requests.get(url,headers)
mp4url=re.findall('srcUrl="(.*?\.mp4)"',res.text,re.S)[0]
video=requests.get(mp4url)
m = hashlib.md5()
m.update(url.encode('utf-8'))
m.update(str(time.time()).encode('utf-8'))
filename = r'%s.mp4' % m.hexdigest()
print(filename)
with open("/home/tony/文档/爬虫视频/%s.mp4"%filename,'wb') as f:
f.write(video.content)
def main():
video_urllist=geturls(mainurl)
for i in video_urllist:
getvideo(i)
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_46500590/article/details/113775998