getatter()通过方法名字符串调用方法,这个方法最主要的作用就是实现反射机制,也就是说可以通过字符串获取方法实例,这样就可以把一个类可能要调用的方法放到配置文件里,需要的时候进行动态加载。
1: 可以从类中获取属性和函数
新建test.py文件,代码如下:
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# encoding:utf-8
import sys
class GetText():
def __init__( self ):
pass
@staticmethod
def A():
print ( "this is a staticmethod function" )
def B( self ):
print ( "this is a func" )
c = "cc desc"
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
print (sys.modules[__name__]) # <module '__main__' from 'D:/脚本项目/lianxi/clazz/test.py'>
print (GetText) # <class '__main__.GetText'>
# 获取函数
# 获取函数返回值
getattr (GetText, "A" )() # this is a staticmethod function
getattr (GetText(), "A" )() # this is a staticmethod function
print ( getattr (GetText, "B" )) # <function GetText.B at 0x000001371BF55798>
# 非静态方法不可用
# getattr(GetText, "B")()
getattr (GetText(), "B" )() # this is a func
print ( getattr (GetText, "c" )) # cc desc
print ( getattr (GetText(), "c" )) # cc desc
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2:从模块中获取类(通过类名字符串得到类对象)
新建test1.py,代码如下:
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#encoding:utf-8
import sys
import test
print (sys.modules[__name__])
# 从模块中获取类对象
class_name = getattr (test, "GetText" )
print (class_name) # <class 'test.GetText'>
# 调用类的属性和函数
print ( getattr (class_name, "A" )) # <function GetText.A at 0x000001D637365678>
# 获取函数返回值
getattr (class_name, "A" )() # this is a staticmethod function
getattr (class_name(), "A" )() # this is a staticmethod function
print ( getattr (class_name(), "B" )) # <bound method GetText.B of <test.GetText object at 0x0000022D3B9EE348>>
# getattr(class_name, "B")() 非静态方法不可用
getattr (class_name(), "B" )() # this is a func
# 获取属性值
print ( getattr (class_name, "c" )) # cc desc
print ( getattr (class_name(), "c" )) # cc desc
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