关于
最近在学网络编程，借了一本书《UNIX网络编程 第一卷：套接口API （第3版）》 STEVENS大神著的！
学习编程这东西，看代码，改代码，运行代码这样才能学到实际东西！本书说在www.unpbook.com可以获取源码，不过打不开！所以google
unpv13e.tar.gz
并在网络上找到了：源码：http://code.google.com/p/stid/downloads/detail?name=unpv13e.tar.gz&can=2&q=
现在就是使用的问题了！
关于在windows下的问题
既然是unix网络编程，直接在windows下运行当然是行不通的！（问：那还学这个干嘛！？？ 你说呢，我们学的是思想和方法，window网络编程其实差异不大）
不过在windows下装个UNIX模拟器cygwin貌似是一个不错的选择！也有人用这个模拟器搭建UNIX网络编程平台，不过对初学者有一定难度！（cygwin是个好东西呀！）
关于在Linux 下的使用问题
Linux也是UNIX,当然没问题！现在说明如何使用书本源码unpv13e.tar.gz的问题。
首先，解压源码,这里是解压到当前目录:acer@ubuntu:~$ tar -xvf unpv13e.tar.gz
其后，建议去阅读解压后目录unpv13e下的README文档！
README文档内容如下：标记红色的部分来处理即可！
QUICK AND DIRTY
===============
Execute the following from the src/ directory:
./configure # try to figure out all implementation differences
cd lib # build the basic library that all programs need
make # use "gmake" everywhere on BSD/OS systems
cd ../libfree # continue building the basic library
make
cd ../libroute # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets
make # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets
cd ../libxti # only if your system supports XTI
make # only if your system supports XTI
cd ../intro # build and test a basic client program
make daytimetcpcli
./daytimetcpcli 127.0.0.1
If all that works, you're all set to start compiling individual programs.
Notice that all the source code assumes tabs every 4 columns, not 8.
MORE DETAILS
============
5. If you need to make any changes to the "unp.h" header, notice that it
is a hard link in each directory, so you only need to change it once.
6. Go into the "lib/" directory and type "make". This builds the library
"libunp.a" that is required by almost all of the programs. There may
be compiler warnings (see NOTES below). This step is where you'll find
all of your system's dependencies, and you must just update your cf/
files from step 1, rerun "config" and do this step again.
6. Go into the "libfree/" directory and type "make". This adds to the
"libunp.a" library. The files in this directory do not #include
the "unp.h" header, as people may want to use these functions
independent of the book's examples.
8. Once the library is made from steps 5 and 6, you can then go into any
of the source code directories and make whatever program you are
interested in. Note that the horizontal rules at the beginning and
end of each program listing in the book contain the directory name and
filename.
BEWARE: Not all programs in each directory will compile on all systems
(e.g., the file src/advio/recvfromflags.c will not compile unless your
system supports the IP_RECVDSTADDR socket option). Also, not all files
in each directory are included in the book. Beware of any files with
"test" in the filename: they are probably a quick test program that I
wrote to check something, and may or may not work.
NOTES
-----
- Many systems do not have correct function prototypes for the socket
functions, and this can cause many warnings during compilation.
For example, Solaris 2.5 omits the "const" from the 2nd argument
to connect(). Lots of systems use "int" for the length of socket
address structures, while Posix.1g specifies "size_t". Lots of
systems still have the pointer argument to [sg]etsockopt() as a
"char *" instead of a "void *", and this also causes warnings.
- SunOS 4.1.x: If you are using Sun's acc compiler, you need to run
the configure program as
CC=acc CFLAGS=-w CPPFLAGS=-w ./configure
Failure to do this results in numerous system headers (<sys/sockio.h>)
not being found during configuration, causing compile errors later.
- If your system supports IPv6 and you want to run the examples in the
book using hostnames, you must install the latest BIND release. You
can get it from ftp://ftp.vix.com/pub/bind/release. All you need from
this release is a resolver library that you should then add to the
LDLIBS and LDLIBS_THREADS lines.
- IPv6 support is still in its infancy. There may be differences
between the IPv6 sockets API specifications and what the vendor
provides. This may require hand tweaking, but should get better
over time.
- If your system supports an older draft of the Posix pthreads standard,
but configure detects the support of pthreads, you will have to disable
this by hand. Digital Unix V3.2C has this problem, for example, as it
supports draft 4, not the final draft.
To fix this, remove wrappthread.o from LIB_OBJS in "Make.defines" and
don't try to build and run any of the threads programs.
COMMON DIFFERENCES
------------------
These are the common differences that I see in various headers that are
not "yet" at the level of Posix.1g or X/Open XNS Issue 5.
- getsockopt() and setsockopt(): 5th argument is not correct type.
- t_bind(): second argument is missing "const".
- t_connect(): second argument is missing "const".
- t_open(): first argument is missing "const".
- t_optmsmg(): second argument is missing "const".
- If your <xti.h> defines the members of the t_opthdr{} as longs,
instead of t_uscalar_t, some of the printf formats of these value
might generate warnings from your compiler, since you are printing
a long without a corresponding long format specifier.
注意：以后我们都用make编译源代码
最后运行：./daytimetcpcli 127.0.0.1如下
acer@ubuntu:~/jwt/unpv13e/intro$ ./daytimetcpcli 127.0.0.1
connect error: Connection refused
发现报错：connect error: Connection refused
这种情况说明服务器没有启动daytime服务！那Ubuntu如何启动，daytime服务呢？
Ubuntu启动daytime服务
在运行 ./daytimetcpcli 127.0.0.1
出现结果！！