原文链接及原作者:爬虫进阶教程:百万英雄答题辅助系统 | Jack Cui
一、前言
看了网上很多的教程都是通过OCR识别的,这种方法的优点在于通用性强。不同的答题活动都可以参加,但是缺点也明显,速度有限,并且如果通过调用第三方OCR,有次数限制。但是使用本教程提到的数据接口。我们能很容易的获取数据,速度快,但是接口是变化的,需要及时更新。
二、实战解析
1、背景介绍
百万英雄答题是一个最近很火爆的答题软件,答对12题的人,可以平分最后的奖金。奖金不错,笔者参加过几次,不过获得的都是小奖,最后几块钱的那种。对于不难的题目,能够直接百度出答案的题目,如果有个软件辅助实时给出参考,还是一件很舒服的事情。想干就干,走起!
2、先睹为快
先看下部署效果,通过服务器后端处理,通过前端显示,亲测延时3s:
为啥做成这样呢?因为这样,别的人也可以通过浏览器进行访问,独乐不如众乐嘛!
Github开源地址:https://github.com/Jack-Cherish/python-spider
3、西瓜视频APP抓包
对于如何抓包,我想应该都会了,我在手机APP抓包教程中有详细讲解,如有不会的,请暂时移步:Python3网络爬虫(十三):王者荣耀那些事!(Fiddler之手机APP爬取)
在比赛答题的时候,我们可以通过抓包,找到这样的接口(点击放大):
可以看到,参数如上图所示。其中heartbeat后面的参数是一个随着场次的增加,逐渐增加的一个数,后面其他的例如iid和device_id是每个人的用户信息,在接口的最后,有个rticket参数,这个是一个时间戳,可以通过time.time()模拟。
2018-1-17更新:据朋友反应,url的有效参数只有heartbeat和rticket参数,用户信息可以不填写。
注意:只有在答题直播开始的时候,才能通过接口抓取到数据,没有直播的时候,是获取不到数据的,是乱码。
通过这个接口获取数据,然后对数据进行解析,在通过百度知道索问题,简单高效。有了这个思想,就可以开始写代码了。
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
from lxml import etree
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import urllib
import time, re, types, os
"""
代码写的匆忙,本来想再重构下,完善好注释再发,但是比较忙,想想算了,所以自行完善吧!写法很不规范,勿见怪。
作者: Jack Cui
Website:https://cuijiahua.com
注: 本软件仅用于学习交流,请勿用于任何商业用途!
"""
class BaiWan():
def __init__(self):
# 百度知道搜索接口
self.baidu = 'http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?'
# 百万英雄及接口,每个人的接口都不一样,里面包含的手机信息,因此不公布,请自行抓包,有疑问欢迎留言:https://cuijiahua.com/liuyan.html
self.api = 'https://api-spe-ttl.ixigua.com/xxxxxxx={}'.format(int(time.time()*1000))
# 获取答案并解析问题
def get_question(self):
to = True
while to:
list_dir = os.listdir('./')
if 'question.txt' not in list_dir:
fw = open('question.txt', 'w')
fw.write('百万英雄尚未出题请稍后!')
fw.close()
go = True
while go:
req = requests.get(self.api, verify=False)
req.encoding = 'utf-8'
html = req.text
print(html)
if '*' in html:
question_start = html.index('*')
try:
question_end = html.index('?')
except:
question_end = html.index('?')
question = html[question_start:question_end][2:]
if question != None:
fr = open('question.txt', 'r')
text = fr.readline()
fr.close()
if text != question:
print(question)
go = False
with open('question.txt', 'w') as f:
f.write(question)
else:
time.sleep(1)
else:
to = False
else:
to = False
temp = re.findall(r'[\u4e00-\u9fa5a-zA-Z0-9\+\-\*/]', html[question_end+1:])
b_index = []
print(temp)
for index, each in enumerate(temp):
if each == 'B':
b_index.append(index)
elif each == 'P' and (len(temp) - index) <= 3 :
b_index.append(index)
break
if len(b_index) == 4:
a = ''.join(temp[b_index[0] + 1:b_index[1]])
b = ''.join(temp[b_index[1] + 1:b_index[2]])
c = ''.join(temp[b_index[2] + 1:b_index[3]])
alternative_answers = [a,b,c]
if '下列' in question:
question = a + ' ' + b + ' ' + c + ' ' + question.replace('下列', '')
elif '以下' in question:
question = a + ' ' + b + ' ' + c + ' ' + question.replace('以下', '')
else:
alternative_answers = []
# 根据问题和备选答案搜索答案
self.search(question, alternative_answers)
time.sleep(1)
def search(self, question, alternative_answers):
print(question)
print(alternative_answers)
infos = {"word":question}
# 调用百度接口
url = self.baidu + 'lm=0&rn=10&pn=0&fr=search&ie=gbk&' + urllib.parse.urlencode(infos, encoding='GB2312')
print(url)
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.86 Safari/537.36',
}
sess = requests.Session()
req = sess.get(url = url, headers=headers, verify=False)
req.encoding = 'gbk'
# print(req.text)
bf = BeautifulSoup(req.text, 'lxml')
answers = bf.find_all('dd',class_='dd answer')
for answer in answers:
print(answer.text)
# 推荐答案
recommend = ''
if alternative_answers != []:
best = []
print('\n')
for answer in answers:
# print(answer.text)
for each_answer in alternative_answers:
if each_answer in answer.text:
best.append(each_answer)
print(each_answer,end=' ')
# print(answer.text)
print('\n')
break
statistics = {}
for each in best:
if each not in statistics.keys():
statistics[each] = 1
else:
statistics[each] += 1
errors = ['没有', '不是', '不对', '不正确','错误','不包括','不包含','不在','错']
error_list = list(map(lambda x: x in question, errors))
print(error_list)
if sum(error_list) >= 1:
for each_answer in alternative_answers:
if each_answer not in statistics.items():
recommend = each_answer
print('推荐答案:', recommend)
break
elif statistics != {}:
recommend = sorted(statistics.items(), key=lambda e:e[1], reverse=True)[0][0]
print('推荐答案:', recommend)
# 写入文件
with open('file.txt', 'w') as f:
f.write('问题:' + question)
f.write('\n')
f.write('*' * 50)
f.write('\n')
if alternative_answers != []:
f.write('选项:')
for i in range(len(alternative_answers)):
f.write(alternative_answers[i])
f.write(' ')
f.write('\n')
f.write('*' * 50)
f.write('\n')
f.write('参考答案:\n')
for answer in answers:
f.write(answer.text)
f.write('\n')
f.write('*' * 50)
f.write('\n')
if recommend != '':
f.write('最终答案请自行斟酌!\t')
f.write('推荐答案:' + sorted(statistics.items(), key=lambda e:e[1], reverse=True)[0][0])
if __name__ == '__main__':
bw = BaiWan()
bw.get_question()
获取数据和查找答案就是这样,很简单,代码写的也较为凌乱,大牛可以按照这个思路改一改。
4、网站部署
没做过后端和前端,花了一天时间,现学现卖弄好的,javascript也是现看现用,百度的程序,调试调试而已。可能有很多用法比较low的地方,用法不对,请勿见怪,有大牛感兴趣,可以自行完善。
这是我当时看的一些文章:
Node.js和Socket.IO通信基础:菜鸟学习nodejs--Socket.IO即时通讯
Node.js逐行读取txt文件:Line-Reader
Node.js定时任务:Node-Schedule
后端app.js:
ar http = require('http');
var fs = require('fs');
var schedule = require("node-schedule");
var message = {};
var count = 0;
var server = http.createServer(function (req,res){
fs.readFile('./index.html',function(error,data){
res.writeHead(200,{'Content-Type':'text/html'});
res.end(data,'utf-8');
});
}).listen(80);
console.log('Server running!');
var lineReader = require('line-reader');
function messageGet(){
lineReader.eachLine('file.txt', function(line, last) {
count++;
var name = 'line' + count;
console.log(name);
console.log(line);
message[name] = line;
});
if(count == 25){
count = 0;
}
else{
for(var i = count+1; i <= 25; i++){
var name = 'line' + i;
message[name] = 'f';
}
count = 0;
}
}
var io = require('socket.io').listen(server);
var rule = new schedule.RecurrenceRule();
var times = [];
for(var i=1; i<1800; i++){
times.push(i);
}
rule.second = times;
schedule.scheduleJob(rule, function(){
messageGet();
});
io.sockets.on('connection',function(socket){
// console.log('User connected' + count + 'user(s) present');
socket.emit('users',message);
socket.broadcast.emit('users',message);
socket.on('disconnect',function(){
console.log('User disconnected');
//socket.broadcast.emit('users',message);
});
});
前端index.html:
!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="2">
<title>Jack Cui答题辅助系统</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>百万英雄答题辅助系统</h1>
<p id="line1"></p>
<p id="line2"></p>
<p id="line3"></p>
<p id="line4"></p>
<p id="line5"></p>
<p id="line6"></p>
<p id="line7"></p>
<p id="line8"></p>
<p id="line9"></p>
<p id="line10"></p>
<p id="line11"></p>
<p id="line12"></p>
<p id="line13"></p>
<p id="line14"></p>
<p id="line15"></p>
<p id="line16"></p>
<p id="line17"></p>
<p id="line18"></p>
<p id="line19"></p>
<p id="line20"></p>
<p id="line21"></p>
<p id="line22"></p>
<p id="line23"></p>
<p id="line24"></p>
<p id="line25"></p>
<script src="https://222.222.124.77:9001/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script>
<script>
var socket = io.connect('http://你的IP:端口');
var line1 = document.getElementById('line1');
var line2 = document.getElementById('line2');
var line3 = document.getElementById('line3');
var line4 = document.getElementById('line4');
var line5 = document.getElementById('line5');
var line6 = document.getElementById('line6');
var line7 = document.getElementById('line7');
var line8 = document.getElementById('line8');
var line9 = document.getElementById('line9');
var line10 = document.getElementById('line10');
var line11 = document.getElementById('line11');
var line12 = document.getElementById('line12');
var line13 = document.getElementById('line13');
var line14 = document.getElementById('line14');
var line15 = document.getElementById('line15');
var line16 = document.getElementById('line16');
var line17 = document.getElementById('line17');
var line18 = document.getElementById('line18');
var line19 = document.getElementById('line19');
var line20 = document.getElementById('line20');
var line21 = document.getElementById('line21');
var line22 = document.getElementById('line22');
var line23 = document.getElementById('line23');
var line24 = document.getElementById('line24');
var line25 = document.getElementById('line25');
socket.on('users',function(data){
if(data.line1 == 'f'){
line1.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line1.innerHTML = data.line1
}
if(data.line2 == 'f'){
line2.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line2.innerHTML = data.line2
}
if(data.line3 == 'f'){
line3.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line3.innerHTML = data.line3
}
if(data.line4 == 'f'){
line4.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line4.innerHTML = data.line4
}
if(data.line5 == 'f'){
line5.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line5.innerHTML = data.line5
}
if(data.line6 == 'f'){
line6.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line6.innerHTML = data.line6
}
if(data.line7 == 'f'){
line7.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line7.innerHTML = data.line7
}
if(data.line8 == 'f'){
line8.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line8.innerHTML = data.line8
}
if(data.line9 == 'f'){
line9.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line9.innerHTML = data.line9
}
if(data.line10 == 'f'){
line10.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line10.innerHTML = data.line10
}
if(data.line11 == 'f'){
line11.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line11.innerHTML = data.line11
}
if(data.line12 == 'f'){
line12.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line12.innerHTML = data.line12
}
if(data.line13 == 'f'){
line13.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line13.innerHTML = data.line13
}
if(data.line14 == 'f'){
line14.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line14.innerHTML = data.line14
}
if(data.line15 == 'f'){
line15.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line15.innerHTML = data.line15
}
if(data.line16 == 'f'){
line16.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line16.innerHTML = data.line16
}
if(data.line17 == 'f'){
line17.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line17.innerHTML = data.line17
}
if(data.line18 == 'f'){
line18.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line18.innerHTML = data.line18
}
if(data.line19 == 'f'){
line19.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line19.innerHTML = data.line19
}
if(data.line20 == 'f'){
line20.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line20.innerHTML = data.line20
}
if(data.line21 == 'f'){
line21.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line21.innerHTML = data.line21
}
if(data.line22 == 'f'){
line22.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line22.innerHTML = data.line22
}
if(data.line23 == 'f'){
line23.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line23.innerHTML = data.line23
}
if(data.line24 == 'f'){
line24.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line24.innerHTML = data.line24
}
if(data.line25 == 'f'){
line25.innerHTML = ''
}
else{
line25.innerHTML = data.line25
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
将这些部署到服务器上。这是我的部署效果:
部署好后。使用指令运行Node.js服务:
node app.js
运行python3脚本:
python3 baiwan.py
如果一切都搭建好了,那么这个百万英雄答题辅助系统就可以运行了!
三、总结
- 本软件仅用于学习交流,请勿用于任何商业用途。
- 也可以对代码进行简单修改,python打印信息,只在本地查看,无需写入txt文件,部署到服务器上。
- 代码乱,没有经过优化,还需重构。
- 我的Github爬虫开源地址:https://github.com/Jack-Cherish/python-spider/
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