这里的线程是指下载的通道(和操作系统中的线程不一样),一个线程就是一个文件的下载通道,多线程也就是同时开起好几个下载通道.当服务器提供下载服务时,使用下载者是共享带宽的,在优先级相同的情况下,总服务器会对总下载线程进行平均分配。不难理解,如果你线程多的话,那下载的越快。现流行的下载软件都支持多线程。
思路:
1:用阻塞的方式获取目标地址的HTTP头部,得到目标文件的大小。
2:算出每段文件的开始点,结尾点,并分别向目标地址发出请求。
3:每次目标地址有数据返回,都将得到的数据写入文件。
4:等待各段文件下载结果。
运行截图:
源代码:
- #include <QtCore>
- #include <QtNetwork>
- //多线程下载的线程数
- const int PointCount = 5;
- //目标文件的地址(千千静听的下载地址,我用来做实验的)
- const QString strUrl = "http://ttplayer.qianqian.com/otherdown/alladin/ttpsetup_5713.exe";
- //用于下载文件(或文件的一部分)
- class Download : public QObject
- {
- Q_OBJECT
- private:
- QNetworkAccessManager m_Qnam;
- QNetworkReply *m_Reply;
- QFile *m_File;
- const int m_Index;
- qint64 m_HaveDoneBytes;
- qint64 m_StartPoint;
- qint64 m_EndPoint;
- public:
- Download(int index, QObject *parent = 0);
- void StartDownload(const QUrl &url, QFile *file,
- qint64 startPoint=0, qint64 endPoint=-1);
- signals:
- void DownloadFinished();
- public slots:
- void FinishedSlot();
- void HttpReadyRead();
- };
- //用于管理文件的下载
- class DownloadControl : public QObject
- {
- Q_OBJECT
- private:
- int m_DownloadCount;
- int m_FinishedNum;
- int m_FileSize;
- QUrl m_Url;
- QFile *m_File;
- public:
- DownloadControl(QObject *parent = 0);
- void StartFileDownload(const QString &url, int count);
- qint64 GetFileSize(QUrl url);
- signals:
- void FileDownloadFinished();
- private slots:
- void SubPartFinished();
- };
- Download::Download(int index, QObject *parent)
- : QObject(parent), m_Index(index)
- {
- m_HaveDoneBytes = 0;
- m_StartPoint = 0;
- m_EndPoint = 0;
- m_File = NULL;
- }
- void Download::StartDownload(const QUrl &url,
- QFile *file,
- qint64 startPoint/* =0 */,
- qint64 endPoint/* =-1 */)
- {
- if( NULL == file )
- return;
- m_HaveDoneBytes = 0;
- m_StartPoint = startPoint;
- m_EndPoint = endPoint;
- m_File = file;
- //根据HTTP协议,写入RANGE头部,说明请求文件的范围
- QNetworkRequest qheader;
- qheader.setUrl(url);
- QString range;
- range.sprintf("Bytes=%lld-%lld", m_StartPoint, m_EndPoint);
- qheader.setRawHeader("Range", range.toAscii());
- //开始下载
- qDebug() << "Part " << m_Index << " start download";
- m_Reply = m_Qnam.get(QNetworkRequest(qheader));
- connect(m_Reply, SIGNAL(finished()),
- this, SLOT(FinishedSlot()));
- connect(m_Reply, SIGNAL(readyRead()),
- this, SLOT(HttpReadyRead()));
- }
- //下载结束
- void Download::FinishedSlot()
- {
- m_File->flush();
- m_Reply->deleteLater();
- m_Reply = 0;
- m_File = 0;
- qDebug() << "Part " << m_Index << " download finished";
- emit DownloadFinished();
- }
- void Download::HttpReadyRead()
- {
- if ( !m_File )
- return;
- //将读到的信息写入文件
- QByteArray buffer = m_Reply->readAll();
- m_File->seek( m_StartPoint + m_HaveDoneBytes );
- m_File->write(buffer);
- m_HaveDoneBytes += buffer.size();
- }
- //用阻塞的方式获取下载文件的长度
- qint64 DownloadControl::GetFileSize(QUrl url)
- {
- QNetworkAccessManager manager;
- qDebug() << "Getting the file size...";
- QEventLoop loop;
- //发出请求,获取目标地址的头部信息
- QNetworkReply *reply = manager.head(QNetworkRequest(url));
- QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()), &loop, SLOT(quit()), Qt::DirectConnection);
- loop.exec();
- QVariant var = reply->header(QNetworkRequest::ContentLengthHeader);
- reply->deleteLater();
- qint64 size = var.toLongLong();
- qDebug() << "The file size is: " << size;
- return size;
- }
- DownloadControl::DownloadControl(QObject *parent)
- : QObject(parent)
- {
- m_DownloadCount = 0;
- m_FinishedNum = 0;
- m_FileSize = 0;
- m_File = new QFile;
- }
- void DownloadControl::StartFileDownload(const QString &url, int count)
- {
- m_DownloadCount = count;
- m_FinishedNum = 0;
- m_Url = QUrl(url);
- m_FileSize = GetFileSize(m_Url);
- //先获得文件的名字
- QFileInfo fileInfo(m_Url.path());
- QString fileName = fileInfo.fileName();
- if (fileName.isEmpty())
- fileName = "index.html";
- m_File->setFileName(fileName);
- //打开文件
- m_File->open(QIODevice::WriteOnly);
- Download *tempDownload;
- //将文件分成PointCount段,用异步的方式下载
- qDebug() << "Start download file from " << strUrl;
- for(int i=0; i<m_DownloadCount; i++)
- {
- //先算出每段的开头和结尾(HTTP协议所需要的信息)
- int start = m_FileSize * i / m_DownloadCount;
- int end = m_FileSize * (i+1) / m_DownloadCount;
- if( i != 0 )
- start--;
- //分段下载该文件
- tempDownload = new Download(i+1, this);
- connect(tempDownload, SIGNAL(DownloadFinished()),
- this, SLOT(SubPartFinished()));
- connect(tempDownload, SIGNAL(DownloadFinished()),
- tempDownload, SLOT(deleteLater()));
- tempDownload->StartDownload(m_Url, m_File, start, end);
- }
- }
- void DownloadControl::SubPartFinished()
- {
- m_FinishedNum++;
- //如果完成数等于文件段数,则说明文件下载完毕,关闭文件,发生信号
- if( m_FinishedNum == m_DownloadCount )
- {
- m_File->close();
- emit FileDownloadFinished();
- qDebug() << "Download finished";
- }
- }
- #include "main.moc"
- int main(int argc, char **argv)
- {
- QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);
- //用阻塞的方式下载文件,完成后退出
- DownloadControl *control = new DownloadControl;
- QEventLoop loop;
- QObject::connect(control, SIGNAL(FileDownloadFinished()),
- &loop, SLOT(quit()));
- control->StartFileDownload(strUrl, PointCount);
- loop.exec();
- control->deleteLater();
- return 0;
- }
http://blog.csdn.net/small_qch/article/details/7223026