Java版推箱子（搬箱子）游戏开发入门示例及源码

 

推（搬）箱子，又名Sokoban，仓库番等，是一款堪称古玩级的电脑游戏。

提起它，笔者相信没什么人会感觉到陌生，更没什么生物会连听都没听说过。它的发展历史之久远，甚至超越了俄罗斯方块（1988年电脑游戏化）。

这款游戏最初起源于日本，是个很难争辩的事实（我知道有人反对，但笔者确实找不到什么有力的反对证据）。他由日本人（哎……）今川宏行在1981年创立游戏规则，并于1982年经日本软件公司Thinking Rabbit正式发布。比较遗憾的是，早期的推箱子并没有PC版，笔者在网络上搜索到的老版游戏也大多为90年以前的Mac OS下程式。

但说起真正令推箱子风靡于PC机的，却该感谢我们的*同胞李果兆先生。是他在1994年开发的仓库世家，才真正令推箱子游戏在世界各地大受推崇；仔细说来，推箱子这款小游戏之所以能有今时今日的声望与地位，固然有今川宏行的开创之功，但若说到贡献最大，承前启后的，则非中国*的李果兆先生莫属。

推箱子游戏的规则非常简单，就是用尽量少的推动或移动把所有箱子都推到目标点上。箱子只能推动而不能拉动；一次只能推动一个箱子。然而，尽管它的规则是很简单的，但对于不同难度的关卡，所需要的脑力却是截然不同的，有些关卡可能会花费您几个小时、几天甚至几个月的时间，也正是这种简单性和复杂性的结合，最终令推箱子类游戏风靡全球！

本回笔者在Blog中提供的，就是一款Java版推箱子游戏的简单实现。

笔者设定[上、下、左、右]为方向控制 ，[S]键为后退到上一步操作，[ESC]为重新开始当前关卡，点击键盘上对应关卡的数字键可以直接选关，需要注意的是笔者以HP限制了角色的移动次数，HP归0则挑战失败。

目前版本仅提供有5关，有需要者可参考同类游戏自行扩充，游戏源码在jar内。

 

下载地址1（由于google code维护，需要等此文发表的隔天才能开放下载）：http://code.google.com/p/loon-simple/downloads/list

 

下载地址2：http://download.csdn.net/source/1397545

游戏截图：

 

 

 

 

核心代码：

Sokoban.java

 

package org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.control;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Font;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.GraphicsUtils;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.LSystem;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.SimpleControl;/** * Copyright 2008 - 2009 * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of * the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under * the License. * * @project loonframework * @author chenpeng * @email <a title="" href="http://hi.baidu.com/ceponline" mce_href="http://hi.baidu.com/ceponline" target="_blank">ceponline</a>@yahoo.com.cn * @version 0.1 */public class Sokoban extends SimpleControl {/** * */private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private Image backImage = GraphicsUtils.loadImage("image/back1.jpg");private Image screenImage;// 墙壁图private Image floorImage[];// 角色精灵private RpgSprite sprite;// 窗体显示图private Graphics screen;private String message = "按下 [Enter] 开始进行游戏";private String m_stageName[] = { "关卡1", "关卡2", "关卡3", "关卡4", "关卡5", "关卡6","关卡7" };private int CS = 32;private int maxX, maxY, comps;private int stageNo;private boolean complete[];private boolean boxMove[][];private int hp[];private int stageStates[][][];private int ons[][];private int role[];private int rolex[];private int roley[];private int mapx[];private int mapy[];private int sleep = 0;private boolean succeed = false;private Stage stage;public Sokoban(Stage stage) {this.stage = stage;this.floorImage = new Image[4];this.sprite = new RpgSprite("image/role1.gif");this.maxX = 16;this.maxY = 13;this.comps = 0;this.complete = new boolean[stage.getMaxStageNo()];this.boxMove = new boolean[stage.getMaxStageNo()][1500];this.ons = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()][1500];this.hp = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];this.stageStates = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()][maxY][maxX];this.role = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];this.rolex = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];this.roley = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];this.mapx = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];this.mapy = new int[stage.getMaxStageNo()];for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {floorImage[j] = GraphicsUtils.loadImage("image/back" + (j + 1)+ ".gif");}this.screenImage = GraphicsUtils.createImage(CS * maxX + CS, CS* (maxY + 1) + 32, true);this.screen = screenImage.getGraphics();for (stageNo = 0; stageNo < stage.getMaxStageNo(); stageNo++) {this.setupStage();}this.stageNo = -1;// 开场界面this.openDraw();}/** * 刷新关卡 * */public synchronized void reset(int stageNo) {this.stageNo = stageNo;this.stage.getMode()[stageNo] = 1;this.message = null;// 设定关卡this.setupStage();// 重绘背景this.background();// 重绘游戏屏幕this.drawScreen();}/** * 绘制屏幕背景 * */public synchronized void background() {screen.drawImage(backImage, 0, 0, null);screen.setColor(Color.black);screen.fillRect(0, LSystem.HEIGHT - 40, LSystem.WIDTH, 40);}/** * 绘制屏幕图像 * */public synchronized void drawScreen() {if (stageNo >= stage.getMaxStageNo()) {stageNo = 0;}for (int i = 0; i < mapy[stageNo]; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < mapx[stageNo];) {switch (stageStates[stageNo][i][j]) {case 2:case 3:case 4:case 5:screen.drawImage(floorImage[1], moveX(j), moveY(i), null);default:j++;break;}}}for (int n = 0; n < mapy[stageNo]; n++) {for (int l = 0; l < mapx[stageNo]; l++)switch (stageStates[stageNo][n][l]) {case 1:screen.drawImage(floorImage[0], moveX(l), moveY(n), null);screen.setColor(new Color(32, 0, 0));screen.drawLine(moveX(l), moveY(n + 1), moveX(l) + CS - 1,moveY(n + 1));if (l == 0 || l > 0 && stageStates[stageNo][n][l - 1] != 1) {screen.setColor(new Color(160, 128, 96));screen.drawLine(moveX(l), moveY(n) + 1, moveX(l),moveY(n) + CS - 2);}if (l == mapx[stageNo] - 1 || l < mapx[stageNo] - 1&& stageStates[stageNo][n][l + 1] != 1) {screen.setColor(new Color(72, 64, 64));screen.drawLine(moveX(l) + CS - 1, moveY(n), moveX(l)+ CS - 1, moveY(n) + CS - 2);}break;case 2:case 3:case 4:switch (stageStates[stageNo][n][l]) {default:break;case 2:case 3:screen.drawImage(floorImage[3], moveX(l), moveY(n),null);break;case 4:break;}if (stageStates[stageNo][n][l] != 3)screen.drawImage(floorImage[2], moveX(l), moveY(n),null);break;default:break;}}// System.out.println(role[stageNo]);screen.drawImage(sprite.getOnlyMove(role[stageNo]),moveX(rolex[stageNo]), moveY(roley[stageNo]), null);if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] == 4) {screen.drawImage(floorImage[2], moveX(rolex[stageNo]),moveY(roley[stageNo]), null);}setupDisplay();}/** * 定位到实际的X座标 * * @param i * @return */public int moveX(int i) {return (CS * ((maxX - mapx[stageNo]) + 1)) / 2 + CS * i;}/** * 定位到实际的Y座标 * * @param i * @return */public int moveY(int i) {return (CS * ((maxY - mapy[stageNo]) + 1)) / 2 + CS * i;}/** * 执行操作 * */public synchronized void execute() {boolean flag = true;for (int i = 0; i < mapy[stageNo]; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < mapx[stageNo]; j++) {if (stageStates[stageNo][i][j] == 4) {flag = false;}}}if (flag) {stage.getMode()[stageNo] = 3;complete[stageNo] = true;} else if (hp[stageNo] == 0) {stage.getMode()[stageNo] = 2;}comps = 0;for (int n = 0; n < stage.getMaxStageNo(); n++) {if (complete[n]) {comps++;}}}/** * 键盘事件处理 */public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {if (e.getKeyCode() == 10 && stageNo == -1) {// 开始关卡1reset(0);} else if (stageNo < 0) {return;}// 选关（默认为最大支持7关，更多请自行设定）if (e.getKeyCode() == 97 || e.getKeyCode() == 49) {stageNo = 0;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 98 || e.getKeyCode() == 50) {stageNo = 1;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 99 || e.getKeyCode() == 51) {stageNo = 2;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 100 || e.getKeyCode() == 52) {stageNo = 3;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 101 || e.getKeyCode() == 53) {stageNo = 4;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 102 || e.getKeyCode() == 54) {stageNo = 5;} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 103 || e.getKeyCode() == 55) {stageNo = 6;// ESC,重新开始} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 27) {reset(stageNo);} else if (stage.getMode()[stageNo] == 1) {// 退步if (e.getKeyCode() == 83) {nextStep(-1);}// 移动角色else if (e.getKeyCode() == 40) {nextStep(0);} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 37) {nextStep(1);} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 39) {nextStep(2);} else if (e.getKeyCode() == 38) {nextStep(3);} else {return;}} else {return;}// 绘制背景background();// 绘制游戏画面drawScreen();}/** * 切换动作 * * @param i */public synchronized void nextStep(final int i) {boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = false;switch (i) {case 0:if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 2) {return;}if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 2][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {return;}stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 2][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;}roley[stageNo]++;break;case 1:if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] < 2) {return;}if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] < 4) {if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 2] < 4) {return;}stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 2] -= 2;boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;}rolex[stageNo]--;break;case 2:if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] < 2) {return;}if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] < 4) {if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 2] < 4) {return;}stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 2] -= 2;boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;}rolex[stageNo]++;break;case 3:if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 2) {return;}if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {if (stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 2][rolex[stageNo]] < 4) {return;}stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 2][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo] - 1] = true;}roley[stageNo]--;break;default:if (hp[stageNo] == stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo]) {return;}switch (ons[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {case 0:if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] + 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;}roley[stageNo]--;break;case 1:if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] - 1] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;}rolex[stageNo]++;break;case 2:if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo] + 1] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;}rolex[stageNo]--;break;default:if (boxMove[stageNo][hp[stageNo]]) {stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo] - 1][rolex[stageNo]] += 2;stageStates[stageNo][roley[stageNo]][rolex[stageNo]] -= 2;}roley[stageNo]++;break;}break;}if (i != -1) {hp[stageNo]--;ons[stageNo][hp[stageNo]] = i;}role[stageNo] = ons[stageNo][hp[stageNo]];if (i == -1) {hp[stageNo]++;}execute();}/** * 开场画面 * */public synchronized void openDraw() {background();for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < maxX + 1; j++) {screen.drawImage(floorImage[0], CS * j,(CS * i + CS / 2 * maxY) - CS * 2, null);}}GraphicsUtils.setAntialias(screen, true);String mes = "怪蜀黍传说 - 勇者推魔王";screen.setFont(new Font("华文新魏", 1, 35));GraphicsUtils.drawStyleString(screen, mes, (CS * maxX - screen.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(mes)) / 2 + 13,(CS * maxY) / 2 + 25, Color.black, Color.orange);mes = "Java版搬箱子游戏开发入门示例 - 0.1.0";screen.setFont(new Font("华文新魏", 0, 30));GraphicsUtils.drawStyleString(screen, mes, (CS * maxX - screen.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(mes)) / 2 + 13,(CS * (maxY + 2)) / 2 - 55, Color.black, Color.white);GraphicsUtils.setAntialias(screen, false);setupDisplay();}/** * 绘图接口实现 */public synchronized void draw(Graphics g) {g.drawImage(screenImage, 0, 0, null);if (succeed) {if (sleep == 100) {// 进入下一关reset(++stageNo);succeed = false;sleep = 0;}sleep++;}}/** * 设置基本数据 * */public void setupStage() {for (int i = 0; i < maxY; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < maxX; j++) {stageStates[stageNo][i][j] = 0;}}mapx[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][0];mapy[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][1];rolex[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][2];roley[stageNo] = stage.getConf()[stageNo][3];for (int n = 0; n < mapy[stageNo]; n++) {for (int l = 0; l < mapx[stageNo]; l++) {stageStates[stageNo][n][l] = stage.getMapData()[stageNo][n][l];}}hp[stageNo] = stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo];role[stageNo] = 0;for (int i1 = 0; i1 < stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo]; i1++) {ons[stageNo][i1] = 0;}for (int j1 = 0; j1 < stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo]; j1++) {boxMove[stageNo][j1] = false;}}/** * 设置显示 * */public void setupDisplay() {if (message == null) {screen.setFont(new Font(LSystem.FONT, 0, 12));int size = 0;for (int j = 0; j < stage.getMaxStageNo(); j++) {if (complete[j]) {screen.setColor(Color.gray);} else {screen.setColor(Color.white);}if (j == stageNo) {if (complete[j]) {screen.setColor(Color.magenta);} else {screen.setColor(Color.cyan);}}screen.drawString(m_stageName[j], size = (10 + (screen.getFontMetrics().stringWidth("关卡0") + 20)* j), LSystem.HEIGHT - 50);}screen.setColor(Color.white);if (stageNo == -1) {// 初始画面，无数据} else {// 显示状态if (hp[stageNo] == 0) {screen.setColor(Color.red);} else if (hp[stageNo] <= stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo] / 4) {screen.setColor(Color.orange);} else if (hp[stageNo] <= stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo] / 2) {screen.setColor(Color.yellow);}screen.drawString("主角 HP " + hp[stageNo] + "/"+ stage.getMaxHp()[stageNo], size + 50,LSystem.HEIGHT - 50);switch (stage.getMode()[stageNo]) {// 生命耗尽case 2:screen.setFont(new Font(LSystem.FONT, 1, 30));screen.setColor(Color.red);GraphicsUtils.setAntialias(screen, true);screen.drawString("The End!",(CS * maxX - screen.getFontMetrics().stringWidth("The End!")) / 2 + 14,((CS * (maxY + 1) + screen.getFontMetrics().getAscent()) - screen.getFontMetrics().getDescent()) / 2);GraphicsUtils.setAntialias(screen, false);break;// 胜利case 3:screen.setFont(new Font(LSystem.FONT, 2, 40));screen.setColor(Color.darkGray);GraphicsUtils.drawStyleString(screen, "Good job!", (CS* maxX - screen.getFontMetrics().stringWidth("Good job!")) / 2 + 14, ((CS * (maxY + 1) + screen.getFontMetrics().getAscent()) - screen.getFontMetrics().getDescent()) / 2, Color.black,Color.white);// 胜利标记succeed = true;break;}}}// 存在信息时else {screen.setFont(new Font(LSystem.FONT, 0, 12));int n = screen.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(message) + 16;int l = screen.getFontMetrics().getAscent()+ screen.getFontMetrics().getDescent() + 8;int i1 = (CS * (maxX + 1) - n) / 2;int j1 = (CS * maxY + 1) - l / 2;int k1 = i1 + 8;int l1 = CS* maxY+ 1+ (screen.getFontMetrics().getAscent() - screen.getFontMetrics().getDescent()) / 2;screen.setColor(Color.black);screen.fillRect(i1, j1, n, l);screen.setColor(Color.white);screen.drawString(message, k1, l1);}}}

启动类：

Main.java

 

package org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.main;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.GameCursor;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.GameFrame;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.control.Sokoban;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.control.Stage;import org.loon.game.simple.sokoban.control.Stage1;/** * Copyright 2008 - 2009 * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of * the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under * the License. * * @project loonframework * @author chenpeng * @email <a title="" href="http://hi.baidu.com/ceponline" mce_href="http://hi.baidu.com/ceponline" target="_blank">ceponline</a>@yahoo.com.cn * @version 0.1 */public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {public void run() {GameFrame frame = new GameFrame("Java版搬箱子游戏入门示例及源码-0.1.0", 540, 480);frame.setCursor(GameCursor.getCursor("image/cursor.png"));// 获得搬箱子关卡接口Stage stage = new Stage1();// 设定游戏控制器frame.getGame().setControl(new Sokoban(stage));// 游戏全屏// frame.updateFullScreen();// 是否显示fpsframe.setFPS(true);// 允许的最大刷新率frame.setMaxFrames(60);frame.mainLoop();frame.showFrame();}});}}

 

 

下载地址1（由于google code维护，需要等此文发表的隔天才能开放下载）：http://code.google.com/p/loon-simple/downloads/list

 

 

下载地址2：http://download.csdn.net/source/1397545