using Holworth; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Holworth { /// <summary> /// 用于取得一个文本文件的编码方式(Encoding)。 /// </summary> public class TxtFileEncoding { public static Encoding GetEncoding(string fileName) { return GetEncoding(fileName, Encoding.Default); } /// <summary> /// 取得一个文本文件流的编码方式。 /// </summary> /// <param name="stream">文本文件流。</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Encoding GetEncoding(FileStream stream) { return GetEncoding(stream, Encoding.Default); } // <summary> /// 取得一个文本文件的编码方式。 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">文件名。</param> /// <param name="defaultEncoding">默认编码方式。当该方法无法从文件的头部取得有效的前导符时,将返回该编码方式。</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Encoding GetEncoding(string fileName, Encoding defaultEncoding) { FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open); Encoding targetEncoding = GetEncoding(fs, defaultEncoding); fs.Close(); return targetEncoding; } /// <summary> /// 取得一个文本文件流的编码方式。 /// </summary> /// <param name="stream">文本文件流。</param> /// <param name="defaultEncoding">默认编码方式。当该方法无法从文件的头部取得有效的前导符时,将返回该编码方式。</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Encoding GetEncoding(FileStream stream, Encoding defaultEncoding) { Encoding targetEncoding = defaultEncoding; if (stream != null && stream.Length >= 2) { //保存文件流的前4个字节 byte byte1 = 0; byte byte2 = 0; byte byte3 = 0; byte byte4 = 0; //保存当前Seek位置 long origPos = stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); int nByte = stream.ReadByte(); byte1 = Convert.ToByte(nByte); byte2 = Convert.ToByte(stream.ReadByte()); if (stream.Length >= 3) { byte3 = Convert.ToByte(stream.ReadByte()); } if (stream.Length >= 4) { byte4 = Convert.ToByte(stream.ReadByte()); } //根据文件流的前4个字节判断Encoding //Unicode {0xFF, 0xFE}; //BE-Unicode {0xFE, 0xFF}; //UTF8 = {0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF}; if (byte1 == 0xFE && byte2 == 0xFF)//UnicodeBe { targetEncoding = Encoding.BigEndianUnicode; } if (byte1 == 0xFF && byte2 == 0xFE && byte3 != 0xFF)//Unicode { targetEncoding = Encoding.Unicode; } if (byte1 == 0xEF && byte2 == 0xBB && byte3 == 0xBF)//UTF8 { targetEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; } //恢复Seek位置 stream.Seek(origPos, SeekOrigin.Begin); } return targetEncoding; } } } namespace ConsoleApplication5 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string content = ""; //1. 创建1个文件流对象. 并给这个文件流对象指定操作的文件(路径) 还有指定操作的方式 FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"c:\users\administrator\documents\visual studio 2015\Projects\ConsoleApplication5\ConsoleApplication5\新建文本文档 (2).txt", FileMode.Open); Encoding coding = TxtFileEncoding.GetEncoding(stream); //2. 准备1个byte数组 以供文件流对象读取数据并放到这个数组里面. byte[] buffer = new byte[stream.Length]; //3. 调用文件流的读数据方法 将读出来的字节放入到buffer数组中. stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //100 1M switch (coding.BodyName.ToLower()) { case "utf-8": content = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer); break; case "utf-7": content = Encoding.UTF7.GetString(buffer); break; case "utf32": content = Encoding.UTF32.GetString(buffer); break; case "ascii": content = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer); break; case "bigendianunicode": case "utf-16be": content = Encoding.BigEndianUnicode.GetString(buffer); break; case "default": case "gb2312": content = Encoding.Default.GetString(buffer); break; case "unicode": case "utf-16": content = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(buffer); break; } stream.Dispose(); } } }