1. 系统启动卡在Freeing init memory: 176K
- 用 /opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc编译之后系统启动卡在 Freeing init memory: 176K
- 换 /opt/EmbedSky/crosstools_3.4.5_softfloat/gcc-3.4.5-glibc-2.3.6/arm-linux/bin/arm-linux-gcc
- VFS: Mounted root (yaffs filesystem).
- Freeing init memory: 124K
- mount: mounting tmpfs on /tmp failed: Invalid argument
- mount: mounting tmpfs on /dev failed: Invalid argument
- mount: mounting var on /dev failed: Invalid argument
- can't open /dev/tq2440_serial0: No such file or directory
- can't open /dev/tq2440_serial0: No such file or directory
- can't open /dev/tq2440_serial0: No such file or directory
- can't open /dev/tq2440_serial0: No such file or directory
- 解决方法:
- 配置内核参数make menuconfig
- File systems
- ---> Pseudo filesystems
- ---> Virtual memory file system support(former shm fs)
- ---->Tmpfs POSIX Access Control Lists
- eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x4DE1
Looking up port of RPC 100005/3 on 192.168.6.119
VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.
VFS: Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0)
Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
-
- 解决方法: make menuconfig
- File systems
- --> [*] Network File Systems
- ---> Network File Systems
- <*> NFS file system support
- [*] Provide NFSv3 client support
- [*] Provide NFSv4 client support (EXPERIMENTAL)
- [*] Root file system on NFS
4. 启动时出现 Failed to execute /linuxrc.
- 1.烧写完文件系统后内核引导出现以下错误：
- yaffs_read_super: isCheckpointed 0
- VFS: Mounted root (yaffs filesystem) on device 31:2.
- Freeing init memory: 184K
- Warning: unable to open an initial console.
- Failed to execute /linuxrc. Attempting defaults...
- Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel.
- Backtrace:
- [] (dump_backtrace+0x0/0x12c) from [] (dump_stack+0x18/0x1c)
- r7:00000000 r6:c001e07c r5:c03e553c r4:c03e4ef4
mkyaffsimage_2针对Nand flash是64M的
- 以下引用自tq2440论坛：
- http://bbs.embedsky.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=6422
- 遇到这样问题的网友可以根据下面的建议逐个检查。
- a. bin/busybox文件是可以执行的。
- b.在配置busybox的时候要选中shell选项中的一个选项
- c. linuxrc是可执行的。
- d.制作文件系统的时候利用的工具也要留意区分：
- mkcramfs 制作cramfs镜像的工具
- mkimage 制作jffs2镜像的工具
- mkyaffs2image 制作2.6的yaffs2的镜像工具（针对Nand Flash是128MB到1GB的）
- mkyaffsimage 制作2.6.13的yaffs2的镜像工具
- mkyaffsimage_2 制作2.6.25.8或2.6.30.4或更高版本内核的yaffs2的镜像工具（针对Nand Flash是 64MB的）
- e.你使用的是256MB的Nand Flash，而在配置内核的nand时选择ecc校验
开机NorFlash启动，用的第1项烧写的内核
- a.写内核
- Enter your selection: 3
- USB host is connected. Waiting a download.
-
Now, Downloading [ADDRESS:30000000h,TOTAL:2305446]
- RECEIVED FILE SIZE: 2305446 (1125KB/S, 2S)
- NAND erase: device 0 offset 0x200000, size 0x200000 -->这个size只有2M
- Erasing at 0x3e0000 -- 100% complete.
- OK
- b. 读内核
- Booting Linux ...
- Copy linux kernel from 0x00200000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x00300000 ... Copy Kernel to SDRAM done,NOW, Booting Linux......
- data abort --> 这个size是3M
- pc : [<3000b420>] lr : [<0000005c>]
- sp : 302441c4 ip : 30007fff fp : 302441e0
- r10: 40000000 r9 : 30000000 r8 : 30008000
- r7 : 30007fff r6 : 30007fff r5 : 30007fff r4 : 3023ad20
- r3 : 000000a8 r2 : 302541e4 r1 : 302441e4 r0 : 302541e4
- Flags: nzCv IRQs off FIQs off Mode SVC_32
- Resetting CPU ...
- *** Warning - bad CRC or NAND, using default environment
改用NandFlash的"Download Linux Kernel to Nand Flash"就可以了。
6.解决程序运行出现illegal instruction
每次程序运行都会突然挂起,然后报错说: Illegal instruction,百思不得其解 后来看到 中有一段话"上面的截图显示编译器默认的是支持 ARMv5T,而 TQ2440 需要使用的是 ARMv4T", 同时网上一个文章: http://www.cnblogs.com/leaven/archive/2010/10/11/1848138.html
- a.有了基本了解，再了解一下我们的处理器，两个处理器的架构区别：
- S3C2410/S3C2440，是ARM920T的核心，架构指令是armv4t
- S3C6410 ARM1176JZF-S核心，是armv6架构 :ARM11系列微处理器内核（ARM1156T2-S内核、ARM1156T2F-S内核ARM1176JZ-S内核和ARM11JZF-S内核）
- 所以如果要编译给6410使用可以改为： -march=armv6 -mcpu=arm1176jzf-s 或者
- -march=armv6 -mcpu=arm1176jzf-s -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=vfp $* （使用VFP）
- 我们可以用arm-linux-gcc --target-help命令查看编译器支持的处理器及架构
- b. 在编译选项加上 -march=armv4t
- CFLAGS := -Wall -O3 -march=armv4t
- 重新编译,ok
- c. 需要注意的是,在编译和链接阶段头文件和库的路径是:
- arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/armv4t/lib/
- arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/include/