基本问题
如何删除单链表中的倒数第n个节点?
常规解法
先遍历一遍单链表,计算出单链表的长度,然后,从单链表头部删除指定的节点。
代码实现
/**
*
* Description: 删除单链表倒数第n个节点,常规解法.
*
* @param head
* @param n
* @return ListNode
*/
public static ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
if (head == null)
return null;
//get length of list
ListNode p = head;
int len = 0;
while (p != null) {
len++;
p = p.next;
}
//if remove first node
int fromStart = len - n + 1;
if (fromStart == 1)
return head.next;
//remove non-first node
p = head;
int i = 0;
while (p != null) {
i++;
if (i == fromStart - 1) {
p.next = p.next.next;
}
p = p.next;
}
return head;
}
一次遍历法
使用快慢指针。快指针比慢指针提前n个单元。当快指针到达单链表尾部时,慢指针指向待删除节点的前节点。
代码实现
/**
*
* Description: 删除单链表倒数第n个节点,快慢指针法.
*
* @param head
* @param n
* @return ListNode
*/
public static ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
if (head == null)
return null;
ListNode fast = head;
ListNode slow = head;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
fast = fast.next;
}
//if remove the first node
if (fast == null) {
head = head.next;
return head;
}
while (fast.next != null) {
fast = fast.next;
slow = slow.next;
}
slow.next = slow.next.next;
return head;
}