如何查找安装了gem文件?

I can find which gem is installed by command gem list, but it doesn't show me where the gems are installed.

我可以找到哪个gem是由命令gem列表安装的，但是它没有告诉我宝石安装在哪里。

How can I find where the gems are and how can I know before installing a gem where it will be installed?

如何找到宝石的位置?如何在安装宝石之前知道宝石的安装位置?

9 个解决方案

#1

Use gem environment to find out about your gem environment:

利用gem环境了解您的gem环境:

RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.1.5
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.0.0 (2013-06-27 patchlevel 247) [x86_64-darwin12.4.0]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /Users/ttm/.gem/specs
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-darwin-12
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
     - /Users/ttm/.gem/ruby/2.0.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/libexec
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build/bin
     - /Users/ttm/perl5/perlbrew/bin
     - /Users/ttm/perl5/perlbrew/perls/perl-5.18.1/bin
     - /Users/ttm/.pyenv/shims
     - /Users/ttm/.pyenv/bin
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/shims
     - /Users/ttm/.rbenv/bin
     - /Users/ttm/bin
     - /usr/local/mysql-5.6.12-osx10.7-x86_64/bin
     - /Users/ttm/libsmi/bin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/bin
     - /bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /sbin
     - /usr/local/bin

Notice the two sections for:

请注意以下两个部分:

• INSTALLATION DIRECTORY
• 安装目录
• GEM PATHS
• 宝石路

#2

I found it useful to get a location of the library file with:

我发现获取一个库文件的位置很有用:

gem which *gemname*

#3

After installing the gems, if you want to know where a particular gem is. Try typing:

安装完宝石后，如果你想知道某个宝石在哪里。试着打字:

 gem list

You will be able to see the list of gems you have installed. Now use bundle show and name the gem you want to know the path for, like this:

您将能够看到您已经安装的gem列表。现在使用bundle show并命名您想要知道的宝石路径，如下所示:

 bundle show <gemName>

#4

To complete other answers, the gem-path gem can find the installation path of a particular gem.

为了完成其他的答案，gempath gem可以找到特定gem的安装路径。

Installation:

安装:

gem install gem-path

Usage:

用法:

gem path rails
=> /home/cbliard/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/rails-4.0.13
gem path rails '< 4'
=> /home/cbliard/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/rails-3.2.21

This is really handy as you can use it to grep or edit files:

这真的很方便，因为你可以使用它grep或编辑文件:

grep -R 'Internal server error' "$(gem path thin)"
subl "$(gem path thin)"

#5

You can check it from your command prompt by running gem help commands and then selecting the proper command:

您可以通过运行gem帮助命令并选择合适的命令来从命令提示符检查它:

kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$  gem help commands
GEM commands are:

    build                  Build a gem from a gemspec
    cert                   Manage RubyGems certificates and signing settings
    check                  Check a gem repository for added or missing files
    cleanup                Clean up old versions of installed gems in the local
                           repository
    contents               Display the contents of the installed gems
    dependency             Show the dependencies of an installed gem
    environment            Display information about the RubyGems environment
    fetch                  Download a gem and place it in the current directory
    generate_index         Generates the index files for a gem server directory
    help                   Provide help on the 'gem' command
    install                Install a gem into the local repository
    list                   Display gems whose name starts with STRING
    lock                   Generate a lockdown list of gems
    mirror                 Mirror all gem files (requires rubygems-mirror)
    outdated               Display all gems that need updates
    owner                  Manage gem owners on RubyGems.org.
    pristine               Restores installed gems to pristine condition from
                           files located in the gem cache
    push                   Push a gem up to RubyGems.org
    query                  Query gem information in local or remote repositories
    rdoc                   Generates RDoc for pre-installed gems
    regenerate_binstubs    Re run generation of executable wrappers for gems.
    search                 Display all gems whose name contains STRING
    server                 Documentation and gem repository HTTP server
    sources                Manage the sources and cache file RubyGems uses to
                           search for gems
    specification          Display gem specification (in yaml)
    stale                  List gems along with access times
    uninstall              Uninstall gems from the local repository
    unpack                 Unpack an installed gem to the current directory
    update                 Update installed gems to the latest version
    which                  Find the location of a library file you can require
    yank                   Remove a specific gem version release from
                           RubyGems.org

For help on a particular command, use 'gem help COMMAND'.

Commands may be abbreviated, so long as they are unambiguous.
e.g. 'gem i rake' is short for 'gem install rake'.
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ 

Now from the above I can see the command environment is helpful. So I would do:

现在从上面我可以看到命令环境是有帮助的。所以我要做:

kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ gem help environment
Usage: gem environment [arg] [options]


  Common Options:
    -h, --help                       Get help on this command
    -V, --[no-]verbose               Set the verbose level of output
    -q, --quiet                      Silence commands
        --config-file FILE           Use this config file instead of default
        --backtrace                  Show stack backtrace on errors
        --debug                      Turn on Ruby debugging


  Arguments:
    packageversion  display the package version
    gemdir          display the path where gems are installed
    gempath         display path used to search for gems
    version         display the gem format version
    remotesources   display the remote gem servers
    platform        display the supported gem platforms
    <omitted>       display everything

  Summary:
    Display information about the RubyGems environment

  Description:
    The RubyGems environment can be controlled through command line arguments,
    gemrc files, environment variables and built-in defaults.

    Command line argument defaults and some RubyGems defaults can be set in a
    ~/.gemrc file for individual users and a /etc/gemrc for all users. These
    files are YAML files with the following YAML keys:

      :sources: A YAML array of remote gem repositories to install gems from
      :verbose: Verbosity of the gem command. false, true, and :really are the
                levels
      :update_sources: Enable/disable automatic updating of repository metadata
      :backtrace: Print backtrace when RubyGems encounters an error
      :gempath: The paths in which to look for gems
      :disable_default_gem_server: Force specification of gem server host on
    push
      <gem_command>: A string containing arguments for the specified gem command

    Example:

      :verbose: false
      install: --no-wrappers
      update: --no-wrappers
      :disable_default_gem_server: true

    RubyGems' default local repository can be overridden with the GEM_PATH and
    GEM_HOME environment variables. GEM_HOME sets the default repository to
    install into. GEM_PATH allows multiple local repositories to be searched for
    gems.

    If you are behind a proxy server, RubyGems uses the HTTP_PROXY,
    HTTP_PROXY_USER and HTTP_PROXY_PASS environment variables to discover the
    proxy server.

    If you would like to push gems to a private gem server the RUBYGEMS_HOST
    environment variable can be set to the URI for that server.

    If you are packaging RubyGems all of RubyGems' defaults are in
    lib/rubygems/defaults.rb.  You may override these in
    lib/rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ 

Finally to show you what you asked, I would do:

最后，我想向大家展示一下你的要求:

kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ gem environment gemdir
/home/kirti/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ gem environment gempath
/home/kirti/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0:/home/kirti/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0@global
kirti@kirti-Aspire-5733Z:~$ 

#6

gem env works just like gem environment. Saves some typing.

gem env就像gem环境一样工作。可以节省一些打字。

# gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.0.14
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.0.0 (2014-02-24 patchlevel 451) [i686-linux]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/local/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/local/bin
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86-linux
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
     - /root/.gem/ruby/2.0.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/

#7

You can trick gem open into displaying the gem path:

你可以欺骗宝石打开显示宝石路径:

VISUAL=echo gem open gem-name

Example:

例子:

VISUAL=echo gem open rails
=> /usr/local/opt/asdf/installs/ruby/2.4.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/rails-5.1.4

#8

I guess that rvm (and rbenv) save path to gem home into an environment variable. If I run

我猜rvm(和rbenv)将路径保存到gem home作为环境变量。如果我运行

env | grep GEM_

I get

我得到

• GEM_HOME=/Users/Me/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3@my_project
• GEM_HOME = /用户/我/ / ruby-2.2.3@my_project .rvm /宝石
• GEM_PATH=/Users/Me/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3@my_project:/Users/Me/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3@my_project
• GEM_PATH = /用户/我/ .rvm /珠宝/ ruby-2.2.3@my_project:/用户/我/ .rvm /珠宝/ ruby-2.2.3@my_project

I think that $GEM_HOME is the location you are interested in

我认为$GEM_HOME是您感兴趣的位置

The gems will be installed into $GEM_HOME"/gems"

宝石将被安装到$GEM_HOME“/gems”中。

#9

In MAC OS, the Ruby files belonging to a gem are present in the

在MAC OS中，属于gem的Ruby文件出现在

/Library/Ruby/Gems/<Ruby_Version>/gems

directory.

目录中。

You can get the locations of the files corresponding to a gem by using the command:

您可以使用以下命令获得与gem对应的文件的位置:

gem contents <gem_name>