让distutils在正确的位置查找numpy头文件

In my installation, numpy's arrayobject.h is located at …/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/arrayobject.h. I wrote a trivial Cython script that uses numpy:

在我的安装中，numpy的arrayobject.h位于... / site-packages / numpy / core / include / numpy / arrayobject.h。我写了一个使用numpy的简单的Cython脚本：

cimport numpy as np

def say_hello_to(name):
    print("Hello %s!" % name)

I also have the following distutils setup.py (copied from the Cython user guide):

我还有以下distutils setup.py（从Cython用户指南中复制）：

from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension
from Cython.Distutils import build_ext

ext_modules = [Extension("hello", ["hello.pyx"])]

setup(
  name = 'Hello world app',
  cmdclass = {'build_ext': build_ext},
  ext_modules = ext_modules
)

When I try to build with python setup.py build_ext --inplace, Cython tries to do the following:

当我尝试使用python setup.py build_ext --inplace构建时，Cython尝试执行以下操作：

gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Wno-long-double -no-cpp-precomp -mno-fused-madd \
-fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DMACOSX \
-I/usr/include/ffi -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch ppc -pipe \
-I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/include/python2.5 \
-c hello.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.5-i386-2.5/hello.o

Predictably, this fails to find arrayobject.h. How can I make distutils use the correct location of numpy include files (without making the user define $CFLAGS)?

可以预见，这无法找到arrayobject.h。如何使distutils使用numpy包含文件的正确位置（不使用户定义$ CFLAGS）？

2 个解决方案

#1

Use numpy.get_include():

使用numpy.get_include（）：

from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension
from Cython.Distutils import build_ext
import numpy as np                           # <---- New line

ext_modules = [Extension("hello", ["hello.pyx"])]

setup(
  name = 'Hello world app',
  cmdclass = {'build_ext': build_ext},
  include_dirs = [np.get_include()],         # <---- New line
  ext_modules = ext_modules
)

#2

The answer given by @vebjorn-ljosa is correct, but it causes problems when used in conjunction with install_requires=['numpy']. In this situation, your setup.py needs to import numpy, which will cause an error if you try to pip install your project without running pip install numpy first.

@ vebjorn-ljosa给出的答案是正确的，但与install_requires = ['numpy']一起使用时会引起问题。在这种情况下，你的setup.py需要导入numpy，如果你尝试pip安装你的项目而不先运行pip install numpy，这将导致错误。

If your project depends on numpy, and you want numpy to be installed automatically as a dependency, you need to set include_dirs only when your extensions are actually being built. You can do this by subclassing build_ext:

如果您的项目依赖于numpy，并且您希望将numpy自动安装为依赖项，则只有在实际构建扩展时才需要设置include_dirs。您可以通过继承build_ext来完成此操作：

from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension
from Cython.Distutils import build_ext

class CustomBuildExtCommand(build_ext):
    """build_ext command for use when numpy headers are needed."""
    def run(self):

        # Import numpy here, only when headers are needed
        import numpy

        # Add numpy headers to include_dirs
        self.include_dirs.append(numpy.get_include())

        # Call original build_ext command
        build_ext.run(self)

ext_modules = [Extension("hello", ["hello.pyx"])]

setup(
  name = 'Hello world app',
  cmdclass = {'build_ext': CustomBuildExtCommand},
  install_requires=['numpy'],
  ext_modules = ext_modules
)

And you can use a similar trick to add cython as an automatically installed dependency:

您可以使用类似的技巧将cython添加为自动安装的依赖项：

from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension

try:
    from Cython.setuptools import build_ext
except:
    # If we couldn't import Cython, use the normal setuptools
    # and look for a pre-compiled .c file instead of a .pyx file
    from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext
    ext_modules = [Extension("hello", ["hello.c"])]
else:
    # If we successfully imported Cython, look for a .pyx file
    ext_modules = [Extension("hello", ["hello.pyx"])]

class CustomBuildExtCommand(build_ext):
    """build_ext command for use when numpy headers are needed."""
    def run(self):

        # Import numpy here, only when headers are needed
        import numpy

        # Add numpy headers to include_dirs
        self.include_dirs.append(numpy.get_include())

        # Call original build_ext command
        build_ext.run(self)

setup(
  name = 'Hello world app',
  cmdclass = {'build_ext': CustomBuildExtCommand},
  install_requires=['cython', 'numpy'],
  ext_modules = ext_modules
)

Note: these approaches only work with pip install .. They won't work for python setup.py install or python setup.py develop as in these commands cause dependencies to be installed after your project, rather than before.

注意：这些方法仅适用于pip install ..它们不适用于python setup.py install或python setup.py develop，因为这些命令导致在项目之后而不是之前安装依赖项。

#1