3.通过现有的PDB创建一个新的PDB

实验说明：创建PDB除了可以通过种子PDB创建外，现在测试通过一个现有的用户PDB克隆创建新的PDB数据库

实验步骤：

1.创建测试数据

SQL> alter session set container=emp;
Session altered.

SQL> conn dsg/dsg@emp
Connected.
SQL> create table test (id number(8));
Table created.

SQL> begin
2 for i in 1..100 loop
3 insert into test values(i);
4 end loop;
5 commit;
6 end;
7 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select count(*) from test;
COUNT(*)
----------
100

2.通过现有PDB创建新的PDB EMPTEST

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> create pluggable database emptest from emp;
create pluggable database emptest from emp
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65081: database or pluggable database is not open in read only mode
----源数据库必须在read only状态

SQL> alter pluggable database emp close;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database emp open read only;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> create pluggable database emptest from emp;
Pluggable database created.

3.在tnsnames.ora中添加下面的信息，这样就可以通过服务名连接数据库了

EMPTEST =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = EMPTEST)
    )
)

新的PDB创建成功，查看alert日志：

create pluggable database emptest from emp
Sun Jan 19 22:26:48 2014
****************************************************************
Pluggable Database EMPTEST with pdb id - 4 is created as UNUSABLE.
If any errors are encountered before the pdb is marked as NEW,
then the pdb must be dropped
****************************************************************
Deleting old file#7 from file$
Deleting old file#8 from file$
Deleting old file#9 from file$
Adding new file#12 to file$(old file#7)
Adding new file#13 to file$(old file#8)
Adding new file#14 to file$(old file#9)
Successfully created internal service emptest at open
ALTER SYSTEM: Flushing buffer cache inst=0 container=4 local
****************************************************************
Post plug operations are now complete.
Pluggable database EMPTEST with pdb id - 4 is now marked as NEW.
****************************************************************
Completed: create pluggable database emptest from emp

新的PDB创建后数据库会自动监听

[oracle@localhost datafile]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on 19-JAN-2014 22:31:31

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-JAN-2014 10:29:20
Uptime                    5 days 12 hr. 2 min. 11 sec
Trace Level off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/ora12c/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "emp" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "emptest" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora12c" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora12cXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

说明：

PDB的一些更改操作不能在CDB级别更改，必须切换到PDB下，下面以修改GLOBAL_NAME为例：

SQL> select service_id,name,pdb from v$services;

SERVICE_ID NAME PDB

---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------

0 emptest EMPTEST

6 emp EMP

3 ora12cXDB CDB$ROOT

4 ora12c CDB$ROOT

1 SYS$BACKGROUND CDB$ROOT

2 SYS$USERS CDB$ROOT

SQL> alter pluggable database emptest rename global_name to emp_test;
alter pluggable database emptest rename global_name to emp_test
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65046: operation not allowed from outside a pluggable database

SQL> alter pluggable database emptest close;
alter pluggable database emptest close
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65020: pluggable database EMPTEST already closed

下面以RESTRICTED 模式打开数据库
SQL> alter pluggable database emptest open restricted;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> conn sys/oracle@emptest as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter pluggable database emptest rename global_name to emp_test;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> select service_id,name,pdb from v$services;

SERVICE_ID NAME PDB
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
1 emp_test EMP_TEST

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select service_id,name,pdb from v$services;

SERVICE_ID NAME                                                             PDB
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
         1 emp_test                                                         EMP_TEST
         6 emp EMP
         3 ora12cXDB                                                        CDB$ROOT
         4 ora12c CDB$ROOT
         1 SYS$BACKGROUND CDB$ROOT
         2 SYS$USERS                                                        CDB$ROOT

6 rows selected.

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3.通过现有的PDB创建一个新的PDB

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