[Spring MVC] - JSON

时间:2021-01-24 10:37:00

Spring MVC中使用JSON,先必需引用两个包:jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar、jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar

因为需要使用到jquery测试,如果在项目中的web.xml配置Spring MVC是“/”,比如:

    <servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

意思匹配所有的路径使用Spring MVC做解释的话,那么需要在Spring MVC的配置文件中加入:

<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />

用于过滤对指定路径不使用Spring MVC解释器。

先看这个model entity:

package com.my.controller.bean;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;

public class Account {

    @NotEmpty(message="{valid.required}")
private String userName; @NotEmpty(message="{valid.required}")
private String password; public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
} }

这是一个简单的model,使用了annotation做数据验证。

Controller:

package com.my.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map; import javax.validation.Valid; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.my.controller.bean.Account; @Controller
@RequestMapping(value="json")
public class TestJsonController { /**
* 静态accounts
*/
private List<Account> accounts = new ArrayList<Account>();
{
Account acc1 = new Account();
Account acc2 = new Account(); acc1.setUserName("Robin");
acc1.setPassword("password"); acc2.setUserName("Lucy");
acc2.setPassword("123456"); accounts.add(acc1);
accounts.add(acc2);
} /**
* 默认地址
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView index() {
ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView("TestJson/index");
view.addObject("accounts", accounts);
return view;
} /**
* 新增account
* @param account
* @param model
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="add", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public Map<String, Object> add(@RequestBody @Valid Account account, BindingResult bindingResult) {
Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>(); if(bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
List<FieldError> errs = bindingResult.getFieldErrors();
Map<String, String> mapErrors = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
for(FieldError err : errs) {
mapErrors.put(err.getField(), err.getDefaultMessage());
}
result.put("success", false);
result.put("errors", mapErrors);
return result;
} accounts.add(account);
result.put("success", true);
result.put("data", accounts);
return result;
} /**
* 取得所有accounts
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="accounts", method=RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public List<Account> findAccounts() {
return accounts;
} }

1、初始了一个static的accounts

2、默认index中有一个view

3、add(...) 方法:

  • @ResponseBody这个annotation,意思是直接输出
  • 在参数中@RequestBody @Valid这两个annotation是json提交时的需要的,@RequestBody是必需的,@Valid是数据验证必需的
  • BindingResult,必需要紧跟实体model之后,否则取不到验证结果
  • 本例使用了一个Map做数据返回,Spring MVC会直接对这个Map转换成JSON结果字符串
  • 如果验证失败,使用一个map加入错误信息返回

4、findAccounts()方法可以直接返回json。注意@ResponseBody

View:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" prefix="fn" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="st" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery.json.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-1.8.3.js"></script>
<title>Test Json</title>
<script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() {
getData();
}); //-------------------------------------------------
// 取得JSON数据
//-------------------------------------------------
function getData() {
var url = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/json/accounts";
$.get(url).success(function(data, status, xhr) {
setData(data);
});
} //-------------------------------------------------
// 设置JSON数据
//-------------------------------------------------
function setData(data) {
var div = $("#divJson");
div.html("");
$(data).each(function(index, row) {
div.append("User_" + index + ":" + row.userName + "<br/>");
});
} //-------------------------------------------------
// Add按钮事件
//-------------------------------------------------
function addClick() {
var url = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/json/add";
var data = {
userName: $("#userName").val(),
password: "pass"
};
// POST JSON数据到服务器
$.ajax({
url: url,
dataType: "json",
contentType: "application/json",
type: "POST",
data: JSON.stringify(data),
success: function (data) {
if(data.success) {
setData(data.data);
}
else {
var text = "";
$(data.errors).each(function(index, row) {
text += "<font color='red'>" + row.userName + "</font><br/>";
});
$("#divJson").html(text);
}
},
error: function () {
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<b>HTML:</b><hr/>
<c:set scope="page" var="index" value="0"></c:set>
<c:forEach items="${accounts}" var="item">
User_<c:set scope="page" value="${index+1}" var="index"></c:set>${index}:
<c:out value="${item.userName}"></c:out><br/>
</c:forEach>
<hr/>
<b>Json:</b><hr/>
<div id="divJson"></div>
<hr/>
User name:<input type="text" id="userName" name="userName" value="" />
<input type="button" id="btnAdd" name="btnAdd" value="Call Ajax add account" onclick="addClick()" />
</body>
</html>

这里使用正常输出和json输出两种方式。

运行结果

[Spring MVC] - JSON

不输入user name时:

[Spring MVC] - JSON

正确输入时:

[Spring MVC] - JSON