如何在ruby中批量重命名文件

I have been trying to work out a file rename program based on ruby, as a programming exercise for myself (I am aware of rename under linux, but I want to learn Ruby, and rename is not available in Mac).

我一直试图找出一个基于ruby的文件重命名程序，作为我自己的编程练习（我知道在linux下重命名，但我想学习Ruby，并且在Mac上没有重命名）。

From the code below, the issue is that the .include? method always returns false even though I see the filename contains such search pattern. If I comment out the include? check, gsub() does not seem to generate a new file name at all (i.e. file name remains the same). So can someone please take a look at see what I did wrong? Thanks a bunch in advance!

从下面的代码，问题是.include？即使我看到文件名包含这样的搜索模式，方法总是返回false。如果我评论出包含？检查，gsub（）似乎根本不生成新的文件名（即文件名保持不变）。所以有人可以看看我做错了什么？先谢谢了！

Here is the expected behavior: Assuming that in current folder there are three files: a1.jpg, a2.jpg, and a3.jpg The Ruby script should be able to rename it to b1.jpg, b2.jpg, b3.jpg

这是预期的行为：假设在当前文件夹中有三个文件：a1.jpg，a2.jpg和a3.jpg Ruby脚本应该能够将其重命名为b1.jpg，b2.jpg，b3.jpg

#!/Users/Antony/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby

puts "Enter the file search query"
searchPattern = gets
puts "Enter the target to replace"
target = gets
puts "Enter the new target name"
newTarget = gets
Dir.glob("./*").sort.each do |entry|
  origin = File.basename(entry, File.extname(entry))
  if origin.include?(searchPattern)
    newEntry = origin.gsub(target, newTarget)
    File.rename( origin, newEntry )
    puts "Rename from " + origin + " to " + newEntry
  end
end

4 个解决方案

#1

Slightly modified version:

略有修改版本：

puts "Enter the file search query"
searchPattern = gets.strip
puts "Enter the target to replace"
target = gets.strip
puts "Enter the new target name"
newTarget = gets.strip
Dir.glob(searchPattern).sort.each do |entry|
  if File.basename(entry, File.extname(entry)).include?(target)
    newEntry = entry.gsub(target, newTarget)
    File.rename( entry, newEntry )
    puts "Rename from " + entry + " to " + newEntry
  end
end

Key differences:

主要差异：

Use .strip to remove the trailing newline that you get from gets. Otherwise, this newline character will mess up all of your match attempts.
使用.strip删除从get获得的尾随换行符。否则，此换行符将使您的所有匹配尝试陷入混乱。
Use the user-provided search pattern in the glob call instead of globbing for everything and then manually filtering it later.
在glob调用中使用用户提供的搜索模式，而不是为所有内容进行通配，然后在以后手动过滤它。
Use entry (that is, the complete filename) in the calls to gsub and rename instead of origin. origin is really only useful for the .include? test. Since it's a fragment of a filename, it can't be used with rename. I removed the origin variable entirely to avoid the temptation to misuse it.
在对gsub的调用中使用entry（即完整的文件名）并重命名而不是origin。 origin真的只对.include有用吗？测试。由于它是文件名的片段，因此不能与重命名一起使用。我完全删除了原始变量，以避免滥用它的诱惑。

For your example folder structure, entering *.jpg, a, and b for the three input prompts (respectively) should rename the files as you are expecting.

对于示例文件夹结构，为三个输入提示（分别）输入* .jpg，a和b应该按照您的预期重命名文件。

#2

I used the accepted answer to fix a bunch of copied files' names.

我使用接受的答案来修复一堆复制文件的名称。

Dir.glob('./*').sort.each do |entry|
  if File.basename(entry).include?(' copy')
    newEntry = entry.gsub(' copy', '')
    File.rename( entry, newEntry )
  end
end

#3

Your problem is that gets returns a newline at the end of the string. So, if you type "foo" then searchPattern becomes "foo\n". The simplest fix is:

你的问题是gets返回字符串末尾的换行符。所以，如果输入“foo”，则searchPattern变为“foo \ n”。最简单的解决方法是：

searchPattern = gets.chomp

I might rewrite your code slightly:

我可能会略微重写你的代码：

$stdout.sync
print "Enter the file search query: "; search  = gets.chomp
print "Enter the target to replace: "; target  = gets.chomp
print "  Enter the new target name: "; replace = gets.chomp
Dir['*'].each do |file|
  # Skip directories
  next unless File.file?(file)
  old_name = File.basename(file,'.*')
  if old_name.include?(search)
    # Are you sure you want gsub here, and not sub?
    # Don't use `old_name` here, it doesn't have the extension
    new_name = File.basename(file).gsub(target,replace)
    File.rename( file, new_path )
    puts "Renamed #{file} to #{new_name}" if $DEBUG
  end
end

#4

Here's a short version I've used today (without pattern matching)

这是我今天使用的简短版本（没有模式匹配）

Save this as rename.rb file and run it inside the command prompt with ruby rename.rb

将其保存为rename.rb文件，并使用ruby rename.rb在命令提示符下运行它

count = 1
newname = "car"
Dir["/path/to/folder/*"].each do |old|
  File.rename(old, newname + count.to_s)
  count += 1
end

I had /Copy of _MG_2435.JPG converted into car1, car2, ...

我有_MG_2435.JPG的副本转换成car1，car2，...

#1