Autofac下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/autofac/
Castle Windsor下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/castleproject/files/Windsor/2.5/Castle.Windsor.2.5.3.zip/download
Unity下载地址:http://entlib.codeplex.com/
Spring.NET下载地址:http://www.springframework.net/
StructureMap下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/structuremap/files/
Ninject下载地址:http://ninject.org/download
其中,测试程序均采用最新的类库。
基础工作
1、程序还是引用上一篇的示例作为测试背景。
2、编写一个性能计数器,这里我采用老赵写的一个CodeTimer的类,具体介绍见:http://www.cnblogs.com/JeffreyZhao/archive/2009/03/10/codetimer.html
使用方式类似于:
int iteration = 100 * 1000;string s = "";
CodeTimer.Time("String Concat", iteration, () => { s += "a"; });
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
CodeTimer.Time("StringBuilder", iteration, () => { sb.Append("a"); });
3、编写一个IRunner运行接口:
public interface IRunner
{
void Start(RunType runType);
}
以及RunnerBase抽象基础运行类:
public abstract class RunnerBase
{
private int _iteration = Convert.ToInt32(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["Iteration"] ?? "10000");
internal int Iteration
{
get { return _iteration; }
} internal void Time(Action action)
{
CodeTimer.Time(Name, Iteration, action);
} protected abstract string Name { get; }
}
这里_iteration表示测试运行次数,通过配置文件来设置值。Time方法通过计数器对action方法进行Iteration次迭代。
编写一个RunManager的运行管理器:
public class RunManager
{
public static void Start(IRunner runner)
{
Start(runner, RunType.Transient);
} public static void Start(IRunner runner, RunType runType)
{
runner.Start(runType);
}
}
在测试中,我采用两种方式的性能比较,一个是单例状态,一个是非单例状态:
/// <summary>
/// 运行状态
/// </summary>
public enum RunType
{
/// <summary>
/// 单例
/// </summary>
Singleton, /// <summary>
/// 瞬时
/// </summary>
Transient
}
好了,现在我的程序只要继承RunnerBase以及IRunnre接口,就可以实现各个IOC框架的初始化装配的工作了。基础工作已经做好。
各个IOC框架测试程序
1、Autofac:
public class AutofacRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
{
protected override string Name
{
get { return "Autofac"; }
} public void Start(RunType runType)
{
var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); //if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
// builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>().SingleInstance();
//else
// builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>();
//builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();
////builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac")); builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();
if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>())).SingleInstance();
else
builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>())); var container = builder.Build(); Time(() =>
{
var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
}); container.Dispose();
}
}
2、Castle Windsor:
public class WindsorRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
{
protected override string Name
{
get { return "Castle Windsor"; }
} public void Start(RunType runType)
{
var container = new WindsorContainer();
if(runType == RunType.Singleton)
container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Singleton);
else
container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Transient); container.Register(Component.For(typeof(IDatabase)).ImplementedBy(typeof(SqlDatabase))); Time(() =>
{
var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
});
}
}
3、Unity:
public class UnityRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
{
protected override string Name
{
get { return "Unity"; }
} public void Start(RunType runType)
{
var container = new UnityContainer();
if(runType == RunType.Singleton)
container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());
else
container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new TransientLifetimeManager());
container.RegisterType<IDatabase, SqlDatabase>(); Time(() =>
{
var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
});
}
}
4、Spring.NET:
public class SpringRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
{
protected override string Name
{
get { return "Spring.NET"; }
} public void Start(RunType runType)
{
string databaseManagerName;
if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Singleton";
else
databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Transient"; Time(() =>
{
IApplicationContext context = ContextRegistry.GetContext();
var manager = (DatabaseManager)context.GetObject(databaseManagerName);
manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
});
}
}
5、StructureMap:
public class StructureMapRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
{
protected override string Name
{
get { return "StructureMap"; }
} public void Start(RunType runType)
{
ObjectFactory.Initialize(container =>
{
if (runType == RunType.Singleton)
container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>().Singleton();
else
container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>();
container.ForRequestedType<IDatabase>().TheDefaultIsConcreteType<SqlDatabase>();
}); Time(() =>
{
var manager = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
});
}
}
6、Ninject:
public class NinjectRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner
{
protected override string Name
{
get { return "Ninject"; }
} public void Start(RunType runType)
{
IKernel kernel = new StandardKernel(new MyNinjectModule(runType)); Time(() =>
{
var manager = kernel.Get<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");
});
}
}
客户端测试程序
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CodeTimer.Initialize(); Console.WriteLine("IOC - Singleton");
// Autofac Singleton
RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
// Castle Windsor
RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
// Unity
RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
// Spring.NET
RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
// StructureMap
RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
// Ninject
RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Singleton); Console.WriteLine("===================================");
Console.WriteLine("IOC - Transient");
// Autofac Singleton
RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Transient);
// Castle Windsor
RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Transient);
// Unity
RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Transient);
// Spring.NET
RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Transient);
// StructureMap
RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Transient);
// Ninject
RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Transient); Console.ReadKey();
}
通过修改App.config的Iteration配置值,来设置迭代次数。
<appSettings>
<add key="Iteration" value="100000" />
</appSettings>
运行结果
1、Iteration=1000:
分析:在千数量级时,Autofac,CastleWindsor、StructureMap基本差不多,效率上比其他的要高。
2、Iteration=10000:
分析:在万数量级时,Autofac,CastleWindsor,StructureMap基本效率还是差不多,其中StructureMap效率稍稍有些下降;Spring.NET以及Ninject的性能比较低。
3、Iteration=100000:
分析:在十万数量级时,CastleWindsor的效率开始下降,而在Transient方面,StructureMap和Autofac基本差不多。
4、Iteration=1000000:
分析:在百万数量级时,Autofac和StructureMap两者还是保持比较高的效率,并且在Transient方面,StructureMap已经超过了Autofac。
总结:从测试中,可以看出Autofac和StructureMap在性能上面还是体现出比较大的优势,Ninject可以说性能上较低。而Spring.NET不仅仅专注于IOC方面,它还专注于其他方方面面的功能,所以在IOC方面的性能不是太高。另外,微软的Unity中规中矩,性能较为稳定,也是一个不错的选择。另外,可能测试程序会有所偏差,希望大家也能够指出问题!