算法导论(第三版)Exercises2.3(归并排序、二分查找、计算集合中是否有和为X的2个元素)

时间:2022-08-07 06:27:32

2.3-1:

3 9 26 38 41 49 52 59

3 26 41 52   9 38 49 57

3 41   52 26   38 57   9 49

3   41  52  26  38  57  9  49

2.3-2:(归并排序)

void mergeSort(int a[], int l, int r)
{
int m;
if(l < r)
{
m = (l + r) / ;
mergeSort(a, l, m);
mergeSort(a, m+, r);
merge(a, l, r, m);
}
} void merge(int a[], int l, int r, int p)
{
int i, j, k;
int n1 = p - l + ;
int n2 = r - p;
int lArray[n1], rArray[n2]; for(i=; i<n1; i++) lArray[i] = a[l+i];
for(j=; j<n2; j++) rArray[j] = a[p+j+];
i = ;
j = ;
for(k=l; k<=r; k++)
{
if(i < n1 && (j >= n2 || lArray[i] <= rArray[j]))
{
a[k] = lArray[i];
++i;
}
else if(j < n2 && (i >= n1 || rArray[j] < lArray[i]))
{
a[k] = rArray[j];
++j;
}
}
}

2.3-3:

n=2:  Tn=2lg2=2

假设 n=k时等式成立

Tk+1=2(Tk) + 2k+1=2 * (2k * k) + 2k+1=2k+1(k+1)

2.3-4:

最差情况:

1   n=2;

Tn = Tn-1+n-1;

2.3-5:(二分查找)

int binarySearch(int a[], int v, int n)
{
int l, r, m; l = ;
r = n - ;
while(l <= r)
{
m = (l + r) / ;
if(v < a[m]) r = m - ;
else if(v > a[m]) l = m + ;
else return m;
}
return -;
}

最差情况:

2   n=2;

Tn=T(n/2) + 1      n=2k;

θ(lgn)

2.3-6:

无法降低运行时间

2.3-7:(参考了网友的答案,做了一点优化,希望大家能提更好的改进建议)

算法:求一个N个数的集合是否含有和为X的2个元素(需要支持c99标准)

bool sumX(int a[], int n, int x)
{
int length, complement[n];
mergeSort(a, , n-);
length = deduplication(a, n);
xComplement(a, complement, length, x);
return mergeSearch(a, complement, length);
} bool mergeSearch(int a[], int b[], int n)
{
int i, j;
for(i=, j=n-; i<n && j>= && a[i]!=b[j]; )
if(a[i] < b[j]) i++;
else j--;
return i<n && j>=;
} void xComplement(int a[], int aComplement[], int n, int x)
{
int i;
for(i=; i<n; i++) aComplement[i] = x - a[i];
} int deduplication(int a[], int n)
{
int i, tmp[n];
int j = ;
for(i=; i<n; i++)
{
if(i > && a[i-] != a[i]) j++;
tmp[j] = a[i];
}
for(i=; i<=j; i++) a[i] = tmp[i];
return j+;
} void mergeSort(int a[], int l, int r)
{
int m;
if(l < r)
{
m = (l + r) / ;
mergeSort(a, l, m);
mergeSort(a, m+, r);
merge(a, l, r, m);
}
} void merge(int a[], int l, int r, int m)
{
int max = ;
int i, j, k;
int n1 = m - l + ;
int n2 = r - m;
int lArray[n1+], rArray[n2+]; for(i=; i<n1; i++) lArray[i] = a[l+i];
for(j=; j<n2; j++) rArray[j] = a[m+j+];
lArray[n1] = max;
rArray[n2] = max;
i = ;
j = ;
for(k=l; k<=r; k++)
{
if(i < n1 && lArray[i] <= rArray[j])
{
a[k] = lArray[i];
++i;
}
else
{
a[k] = rArray[j];
++j;
}
}
}

θ(nlgn)