环境：
DB1：centos6.8、mysql5.5、192.168.2.204 hostname：bogon
DB2：centos6.8、mysql5.5、192.168.2.205 hostname：localhost.localdomain
vip：192.168.2.33
一、先配置DB1和DB2的双主热备
1、分别在DB1和DB2上安装mysql，我这里是用的ansible自动部署
[root@www ansible]# ansible-playbook lnmp.yml PLAY [new] ********************************************************************* TASK [setup] *******************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.205]
ok: [192.168.2.204] TASK [mysql : Create backup folder] ********************************************
ok: [192.168.2.204]
ok: [192.168.2.205] TASK [mysql : create log folder] ***********************************************
changed: [192.168.2.204]
changed: [192.168.2.205] TASK [mysql : copy mysql_tar_gz to client] *************************************
changed: [192.168.2.204]
changed: [192.168.2.205] TASK [mysql : copy install_script to client] ***********************************
changed: [192.168.2.204]
changed: [192.168.2.205] TASK [mysql : copy my.cnf to /data/backup] *************************************
changed: [192.168.2.204]
changed: [192.168.2.205] TASK [mysql : install mysql] ***************************************************
changed: [192.168.2.204]
changed: [192.168.2.205] PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
192.168.2.204 : ok= changed= unreachable= failed=
192.168.2.205 : ok= changed= unreachable= failed=
2、修改mysql的配置文件
首先修改DB1主机的配置文件，在/etc/my.cnf文件中的[mysqld]段添加以下内容
[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 1 #节点标示，主从节点不能相同，必须全局唯一
log-bin=mysql-bin #开启mysql的binlog日志功能
relay-log = mysql-relay-bin #开启relay-log日志，relay-log日志记录的是从服务器I/O线程将主服务器的二进制日志读取过来记录到从服务器本地文件，然后SQL线程会读取relay-log日志的内容并应用到从服务器
replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.% #复制过滤选项
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
然后修改DB2主机的配置文件，
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id =
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
最后分别重启DB1和DB2使配置生效
3、创建复制用户并授权
注：在执行主主互备之前要保证两台server上数据一致
首先在DB1的mysql库中创建复制用户
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.2.205' identified by 'repl_passwd';
Query OK, rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin. | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)
然后在DB2的mysql库中将DB1设为自己的主服务器
mysql> change master to \
-> master_host='192.168.2.204',
-> master_user='repl_user',
-> master_password='repl_passwd',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',
-> master_log_pos=;
Query OK, rows affected (0.07 sec)
这里需要注意master_log_file和master_log_pos两个选项，这两个选项的值是在DB1上通过“show master status” 查询到的结果
接着在DB2上启动slave服务
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, rows affected (0.01 sec)
下面查看DB2上slave的运行状态，
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.2.204
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.
Slave_IO_Running: Yes #重点
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #重点
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%,test.%,information_schema.% #跳过的表
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
row in set (0.00 sec)
到这里，从DB1到DB2的mysql主从复制已经完成。接下来开始配置从DB2到DB1的mysql主从复制
在DB2的mysql库中创建复制用户
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.2.204' identified by 'repl_passwd';
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin. | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)
然后在DB1的mysql库中将DB2设为自己的主服务器
mysql> change master to \
-> master_host='192.168.2.205',
-> master_user='repl_user',
-> master_password='repl_passwd',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',
-> master_log_pos=;
Query OK, rows affected (0.07 sec)
最后，在DB1上启动slave服务
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, rows affected (0.01 sec)
查看DB1上slave的运行状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.2.205
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%,test.%,information_schema.%
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
row in set (0.00 sec)
二、配置keepalived实现mysql双主高可用
1、安装keepalived
[root@bogon src]# tar zxf keepalived-1.2..tar.gz
[root@bogon src]# cd keepalived-1.2.
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# ./configure --sysconf=/etc --with-kernel-dir=/lib/modules/2.6.-642.3..el6.x86_64/
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# make && make install
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# chkconfig --level keepalived on
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# yum -y install ipvsadm ####之前没安装ipvsadm，导致 keepalived配置中lvs配置部分不生效，其中定义的notify_down 字段死活不生效，查了好久在发现是没安装ipvsadm导致的，泪奔！！！
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# ipvsadm
2、配置keepalived
DB1上keepalived.conf配置为
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_strict
vrrp_garp_interval
vrrp_gna_interval
} vrrp_instance HA_1 {
state BACKUP #在DB1和DB2上均配置为BACKUP
interface eth1
virtual_router_id
priority
advert_int
nopreempt #不抢占模式，只有优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器可不设置
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.2.33
}
} virtual_server 192.168.2.33 {
delay_loop
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 60 #会话保持时间
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.2.204 {
weight
notify_down /root/shutdown.sh #检测到服务down后执行的脚本
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10 #连接超时时间
nb_get_retry 3 #重连次数
delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间
connect_port 3306 #健康检查端口
}
}
}
DB2上keepalived.conf配置为
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout
router_id LVS_DEVEL
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_strict
vrrp_garp_interval
vrrp_gna_interval
} vrrp_instance HA_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth1
virtual_router_id
priority
advert_int
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.2.33
}
} virtual_server 192.168.2.33 {
delay_loop
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.2.205 {
weight
notify_down /root/shutdown.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout
nb_get_retry
delay_before_retry
connect_port
}
}
}
编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本shutdown.sh
[root@bogon ~]# cat /root/shtdown.sh
#!/bin/bash
killall keepalived
注：此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的，keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server的服务状态，当发现real_server服务故障时，便触发此脚本；我们可以看到，脚本就一个命令，通过killall keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程，从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外，我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作，因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP，而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP
启动keepalived并查看日志
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# chmod /etc/init.d/keepalived
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# service keepalived start
正在启动 keepalived： [确定]
[root@bogon keepalived-1.2.]# tail -f /var/log/messages
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: VRRP_Instance(HA_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
Oct :: bogon Keepalived_vrrp[]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
三、测试功能
1、在远程客户端通过vip登陆测试
[root@www ansible]# mysql -h 192.168.2.33 -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-log Source distribution Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
mysql> show variables like "%hostname%"
-> ;
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| hostname | bogon |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从sql输出结果看，可以通过vip登陆，并且登陆了DB1服务器
2、创建一个数据库，然后在这个库重创建一个表，并插入数据
mysql> create database repldb;
Query OK, row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| repldb |
| test |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.06 sec) mysql> use repldb;
Database changed
mysql> create table repl_table(id int,email varchar(),password varchar() not null);
Query OK, rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_repldb |
+------------------+
| repl_table |
+------------------+
row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into repl_table(id,email,password) values(,"master@163.com","qweasd");
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec)
登陆DB2主机的mysql，可数据是否复制成功
mysql> show variables like "%hostname%";
+---------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-----------------------+
| hostname | localhost.localdomain |
+---------------+-----------------------+
row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| repldb |
| test |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.05 sec) mysql> use repldb;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_repldb |
+------------------+
| repl_table |
+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from repl_table;
+------+----------------+----------+
| id | email | password |
+------+----------------+----------+
| | master@.com | qweasd |
+------+----------------+----------+
row in set (0.08 sec)
3、停止DB1主机上的mysql，查看故障是否自动转移
[root@bogon ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
登陆192.168.2.33查看：
mysql> show variables like "%hostname%";
ERROR (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id:
Current database: repldb +---------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-----------------------+
| hostname | localhost.localdomain |
+---------------+-----------------------+
row in set (0.01 sec)
可以看到现在登陆的是DB2 故障自动切换成功
接着，插入数据看DB1是否能复制
mysql> insert into repl_table(id,email,password) values(,"slave@163.com","qweasd");
Query OK, row affected (0.06 sec) mysql> use repldb;
Database changed
mysql> select * from repl_table;
+------+----------------+----------+
| id | email | password |
+------+----------------+----------+
| | master@.com | qweasd |
| | slave@.com | qweasd |
+------+----------------+----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
登陆DB1查看表数据
[root@bogon ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-log Source distribution Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use repldb;
Database changed
mysql> select * from repl_table;
+------+----------------+----------+
| id | email | password |
+------+----------------+----------+
| | master@.com | qweasd |
| | slave@.com | qweasd |
+------+----------------+----------+
rows in set (0.02 sec)
复制成功！
到此全部完成！！！