cassandra高级操作之JMX操作

时间:2021-07-05 04:50:48

需求场景

  项目中有这么个需求:统计集群中各个节点的数据量存储大小,不是记录数。

  一开始有点无头绪,后面查看cassandra官方文档看到Monitoring章节,里面说到:Cassandra中的指标使用Dropwizard Metrics库进行管理。 这些指标可以通过JMX查询,也可以使用多个内置和第三方报告插件推送到外部监控系统(Jconsole)。那么数据量存储大小是不是也是cassandra的某项指标了? 带着疑问,我通过Jconsole看到了cassandra的一些指标(先启动cassandra, 运行  -> Jconsole),如下图

cassandra高级操作之JMX操作

cassandra高级操作之JMX操作

  数据量存储大小就在叫org.apache.cassandra.db的MBean中,具体会在之后介绍。

JMX定义

  引用JMX超详细解读中一段话:

JMX(Java Management Extensions)是一个为应用程序植入管理功能的框架。JMX是一套标准的代理和服务,实际上,用户可以在任何Java应用程序中使用这些代理和服务实现管理。这是官方文档上的定义,我看过很多次也无法很好的理解。
我个人的理解是JMX让程序有被管理的功能,例如你开发一个WEB网站,它是在24小时不间断运行,那么你肯定会对网站进行监控,如每天的UV、PV是多少;又或者在业务高峰的期间,你想对接口进行限流,就必须去修改接口并发的配置值。
  应用场景:中间件软件WebLogic的管理页面就是基于JMX开发的,而JBoss则整个系统都基于JMX构架,另外包括cassandra中各项指标的管理。

  对于一些参数的修改,网上有一段描述还是比较形象的:

  1、程序初哥一般是写死在程序中,到要改变的时候就去修改代码,然后重新编译发布。

  2、程序熟手则配置在文件中(JAVA一般都是properties文件),到要改变的时候只要修改配置文件,但还是必须重启系统,以便读取配置文件里最新的值。

  3、程序好手则会写一段代码,把配置值缓存起来,系统在获取的时候,先看看配置文件有没有改动,如有改动则重新从配置里读取,否则从缓存里读取。

  4、程序高手则懂得物为我所用,用JMX把需要配置的属性集中在一个类中,然后写一个MBean,再进行相关配置。另外JMX还提供了一个工具页,以方便我们对参数值进行修改。

  给我的感觉,jmx server进行监听,jmx client进行请求的发送,以此达到通信的目的;cassandra的jmx server已经被cassandra实现,我们只需要实现jmx client,就能从cassandra进程中拿到我们需要的指标数据。

JMX Server

  1、 首先定义一个MBean接口

    接口的命名规范为以具体的实现类为前缀(这个规范很重要),动态代理的过程中需要用到这点。

public interface HelloMBean
{
String getName();
void setName(String name);

void print();
}

  2、定义一个实现类

    实现上面的接口:

public class Hello implements HelloMBean
{

private String name;

@Override
public String getName()
{
return this.name;
}

@Override
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}

@Override
public void print()
{
System.out.println(
"hello, print");
}

}

  3、定义一个jmx server,并启动它

cassandra高级操作之JMX操作cassandra高级操作之JMX操作
public class HelloService
{
private static final int RMI_PORT = 8099;
private static final String JMX_SERVER_NAME = "TestJMXServer";
private static final String USER_NAME = "hello";
private static final String PASS_WORD = "world";

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
HelloService service
= new HelloService();
service.startJmxServer();
}

private void startJmxServer() throws Exception
{
//MBeanServer mbs = MBeanServerFactory.createMBeanServer(jmxServerName);
MBeanServer mbs = this.getMBeanServer();

// 在本地主机上创建并输出一个注册实例,来接收特定端口的请求
LocateRegistry.createRegistry(RMI_PORT, null, RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory());

JMXServiceURL url
= new JMXServiceURL("service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://localhost:" + RMI_PORT + "/" + JMX_SERVER_NAME);
System.out.println(
"JMXServiceURL: " + url.toString());

Map
<String, Object> env = this.putAuthenticator();

//JMXConnectorServer jmxConnServer = JMXConnectorServerFactory.newJMXConnectorServer(url, null, mbs); // 不加认证
JMXConnectorServer jmxConnServer = JMXConnectorServerFactory.newJMXConnectorServer(url, env, mbs); // 加认证
jmxConnServer.start();
}

private MBeanServer getMBeanServer() throws Exception
{
MBeanServer mbs
= ManagementFactory.getPlatformMBeanServer();
ObjectName objName
= new ObjectName(JMX_SERVER_NAME + ":name=" + "hello");
mbs.registerMBean(
new Hello(), objName);
return mbs;
}

private Map<String, Object> putAuthenticator()
{
Map
<String,Object> env = new HashMap<String,Object>();
JMXAuthenticator auth
= createJMXAuthenticator();
env.put(JMXConnectorServer.AUTHENTICATOR, auth);

env.put(
"com.sun.jndi.rmi.factory.socket", RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory());
return env;
}

private JMXAuthenticator createJMXAuthenticator()
{
return new JMXAuthenticator()
{
public Subject authenticate(Object credentials)
{
String[] sCredentials
= (String[]) credentials;
if (null == sCredentials || sCredentials.length != 2)
{
throw new SecurityException("Authentication failed!");
}
String userName
= sCredentials[0];
String password
= sCredentials[1];
if (USER_NAME.equals(userName) && PASS_WORD.equals(password))
{
Set
<JMXPrincipal> principals = new HashSet<JMXPrincipal>();
principals.add(
new JMXPrincipal(userName));
return new Subject(true, principals, Collections.EMPTY_SET,
Collections.EMPTY_SET);
}
throw new SecurityException("Authentication failed!");
}
};
}
}
View Code

  cassandra高级操作之JMX操作

cassandra高级操作之JMX操作

  点下print按钮,你会发现控制台会打印:hello, print。

  cassandra的jmx server已经自己实现了,我们不需要实现它,我们需要实现的是调用它。

JMX client

  这个是我们需要关注和实现的

  1、client端接口定义

    接口中定义的方法是我们需要调用的,方法名必须与server端暴露的方法一样,通过server端动态生成client端的实例,实例中的方法只包括client端接口中定义的方法(若server端暴露的是属性,那么直接在属性前加get,后面cassandra部分会讲到)

public interface HelloClientMBean
{
void print();          // 方法定义与server端暴露的方法一致
}

  2、连接jmx server

cassandra高级操作之JMX操作cassandra高级操作之JMX操作
public class HelloClient implements AutoCloseable
{
private static final String fmtUrl = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://[%s]:%d/TestJMXServer";
private static final String ssObjName = "TestJMXServer:name=hello";
private static final int defaultPort = 1099; // cassandra默认端口是7199
final String host;
final int port;
private String username;
private String password;

private JMXConnector jmxc;
private MBeanServerConnection mbeanServerConn;
private HelloMBean hmProxy;

/**
* Creates a connection using the specified JMX host, port, username, and password.
*
*
@param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent
*
@param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
public HelloClient(String host, int port, String username, String password) throws IOException
{
assert username != null && !username.isEmpty() && password != null && !password.isEmpty()
:
"neither username nor password can be blank";

this.host = host;
this.port = port;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
connect();
}

/**
* Creates a connection using the specified JMX host and port.
*
*
@param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent
*
@param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
public HelloClient(String host, int port) throws IOException
{
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
connect();
}

/**
* Creates a connection using the specified JMX host and default port.
*
*
@param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
public HelloClient(String host) throws IOException
{
this.host = host;
this.port = defaultPort;
connect();
}

/**
* Create a connection to the JMX agent and setup the M[X]Bean proxies.
*
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
private void connect() throws IOException
{
JMXServiceURL jmxUrl
= new JMXServiceURL(String.format(fmtUrl, host, port));
Map
<String,Object> env = new HashMap<String,Object>();
if (username != null)
{
String[] creds
= { username, password };
env.put(JMXConnector.CREDENTIALS, creds);
}

env.put(
"com.sun.jndi.rmi.factory.socket", getRMIClientSocketFactory());

jmxc
= JMXConnectorFactory.connect(jmxUrl, env);
mbeanServerConn
= jmxc.getMBeanServerConnection();

try
{
ObjectName name
= new ObjectName(ssObjName);
hmProxy
= JMX.newMBeanProxy(mbeanServerConn, name, HelloMBean.class);
}
catch (MalformedObjectNameException e)
{
throw new RuntimeException(
"Invalid ObjectName? Please report this as a bug.", e);
}
}

private RMIClientSocketFactory getRMIClientSocketFactory() throws IOException
{
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("ssl.enable")))
return new SslRMIClientSocketFactory();
else
return RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory();
}

public void print()
{
hmProxy.print();
}

@Override
public void close() throws Exception
{
jmxc.close();
}
}
View Code

  3、接口调用

public class JmxClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
HelloClient client
= new HelloClient("localhost", 8099, "hello", "world");
client.print();
client.close();
}

}

    会在控制台打印:hello, print。

统计cassandra集群中各个节点的数据量存储大小

  也分3步:

  1、client端接口定义

    因为我们只关心数据量存储大小,所以我们只需要在接口定义一个方法

cassandra高级操作之JMX操作

 

public interface StorageServiceMBean
{
/** Human-readable load value. Keys are IP addresses. */
public Map<String, String> getLoadMap();            // cassandra端暴露的是属性LoadMap,那么此方法名由get加LoadMap组成, 那么getLoad方法就可以获取LoadMap的值
}

  2、连接jmx server    

    cassandra-env.sh配置文件中有cassandra的JMX默认端口:JMX_PORT="7199"

cassandra高级操作之JMX操作cassandra高级操作之JMX操作
public class CassNodeProbe implements AutoCloseable
{
private static final String fmtUrl = "service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://[%s]:%d/jmxrmi";
private static final String ssObjName = "org.apache.cassandra.db:type=StorageService";
private static final int defaultPort = 7199;
final String host;
final int port;
private String username;
private String password;

private JMXConnector jmxc;
private MBeanServerConnection mbeanServerConn;
private StorageServiceMBean ssProxy;

/**
* Creates a NodeProbe using the specified JMX host, port, username, and password.
*
*
@param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent
*
@param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
public CassNodeProbe(String host, int port, String username, String password) throws IOException
{
assert username != null && !username.isEmpty() && password != null && !password.isEmpty()
:
"neither username nor password can be blank";

this.host = host;
this.port = port;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
connect();
}

/**
* Creates a NodeProbe using the specified JMX host and port.
*
*
@param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent
*
@param port TCP port of the remote JMX agent
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
public CassNodeProbe(String host, int port) throws IOException
{
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
connect();
}

/**
* Creates a NodeProbe using the specified JMX host and default port.
*
*
@param host hostname or IP address of the JMX agent
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
public CassNodeProbe(String host) throws IOException
{
this.host = host;
this.port = defaultPort;
connect();
}

/**
* Create a connection to the JMX agent and setup the M[X]Bean proxies.
*
*
@throws IOException on connection failures
*/
private void connect() throws IOException
{
JMXServiceURL jmxUrl
= new JMXServiceURL(String.format(fmtUrl, host, port));
Map
<String,Object> env = new HashMap<String,Object>();
if (username != null)
{
String[] creds
= { username, password };
env.put(JMXConnector.CREDENTIALS, creds);
}

env.put(
"com.sun.jndi.rmi.factory.socket", getRMIClientSocketFactory());

jmxc
= JMXConnectorFactory.connect(jmxUrl, env);
mbeanServerConn
= jmxc.getMBeanServerConnection();

try
{
ObjectName name
= new ObjectName(ssObjName);
ssProxy
= JMX.newMBeanProxy(mbeanServerConn, name, StorageServiceMBean.class);
}
catch (MalformedObjectNameException e)
{
throw new RuntimeException(
"Invalid ObjectName? Please report this as a bug.", e);
}
}

private RMIClientSocketFactory getRMIClientSocketFactory() throws IOException
{
if (Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("ssl.enable")))
return new SslRMIClientSocketFactory();
else
return RMISocketFactory.getDefaultSocketFactory();
}

public Map<String, String> getCassClusterStorage()
{
return ssProxy.getLoadMap();
}

@Override
public void close() throws Exception
{
jmxc.close();
}
}
View Code

  3、接口调用

public class JMXTest
{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
CassNodeProbe prode
= new CassNodeProbe("127.0.0.1");
Map
<String, String> nodeStorages = prode.getCassClusterStorage();
System.out.println(nodeStorages);
prode.close();
}

}

  最后得到结果:{127.0.0.1=266.36 KB}

  cassandra的jmx 认证访问我就不做演示了,大家自己去实现。

cassandra jmx client实现:cassandra-all

  cassandra给我们提供了工具jar,jmx server暴露的在这个工具jar中都有对应的请求方式;

  如若大家用到的很少则可以自己实现,而不需要用cassandra-all,当然我们可以拷贝cassandra-all中我们需要的代码到我们的工程中,那么我们就可以不用引用此jar,但是又满足了我们的需求

<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cassandra</groupId>
<artifactId>cassandra-all</artifactId>
<version>2.1.14</version>
</dependency>

  工程附件

参考:

  http://www.cnblogs.com/FlyAway2013/p/jmx.html

  http://www.cnblogs.com/dongguacai/p/5900507.html