20、Valid Parentheses
Given a string containing just the characters '('
, ')'
, '{'
, '}'
, '['
and ']'
, determine if the input string is valid.
An input string is valid if:
- Open brackets must be closed by the same type of brackets.
- Open brackets must be closed in the correct order.
Note that an empty string is also considered valid.
Example 1:
Input: "()"
Output: true
Example 2:
Input: "()[]{}"
Output: true
Example 3:
Input: "(]"
Output: false
Example 4:
Input: "([)]"
Output: false
Example 5:
Input: "{[]}"
Output: true 代码:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string str = "({}[])";
bool res = IsValid(str);
Console.WriteLine(res);
Console.ReadKey();
} private static bool IsValid(string s)
{
if (s.Length % != ) return false;
Dictionary<char, char> dic = new Dictionary<char, char>() {
{ ')','('},
{ ']','['},
{ '}','{'}
};
var stack = new Stack<char>();
foreach (var str in s)
{
if (dic.ContainsKey(str))
{
if (stack.Count != && stack.Peek() == dic[str])
{
stack.Pop();
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
else
{
stack.Push(str);
}
}
return stack.Count == ;
}
解析:
输入:字符串
输出:bool类型
思想:
首先,这种匹配问题,都放在栈中,栈特点是先进后出。这里以键值对的形式把匹配项存入字典中。另外奇数个字符是不对的。
其次,刚开始栈空,将向右方向的字符((,{,[)全部存入栈中,然后若出现一个向左方向的,就在栈中匹配,判断是否与栈顶元素匹配。若匹配,则移出。否则返回false。
最后,判断栈中是否将全部元素匹配完毕,即都被移出,返回bool结果。
时间复杂度:O(n)