Linux（CentOS-8）安装MySQL8.0.11

时间：2021-08-04 04:26:57

CentOS安装MySQL8.0.11

总的思路就是：安装MySQL，编写配置文件，配置环境变量，成功开启服务，登陆并修改ROOT密码

开启远程访问的思路就是：授权用户所有IP都可以访问，系统的数据库端口放行

（安装步骤就不详细展开了，网上教程很多，步骤如下）

  1. 下载解压mysql的压缩包,文件夹改名mysql

    tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz #解压安装包
    
mv mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz mysql #修改文件夹名称

  2. 创建用户和用户组

    groupadd mysql #创建组
    
useradd -g mysql mysql #创建用户

  3. 创建data文件存放数据,并授权全部文件

    mkdir /mysql解压文件夹/data #创建data文件夹,用于存放数据库表
    
chown -r -g mysql:mysql /mysql解压文件夹 #修改权限

  4. 初始化数据库,并记录生成的随机密码

    bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql8.0 --datadir=/opt/mysql8.0/data #初始化MySQL,会生成默认密码,用于第一次登陆

  5. 创建my.cnf配置文件文件配置MySQL

    因为mysql启动会自动寻找/etc/my.cnf配置文件,所以把配置文件放到/etc目录下,命名为my.cnf

    [mysqld]

#Rove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
    
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
    
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
    
# changes to the binary log between backups.
    
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
    
basedir = /opt/mysql
    
datadir = /opt/mysql/data
    
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    
log-error = /opt/mysql/data/error.log
    
pid-file = /opt/mysql/data/mysql.pid
    
tmpdir = /tmp
    
port = 3306
    
#lower_case_table_names = 1
    
# server_id = .....
    
# socket = .....
    
#lower_case_table_names = 1
    
max_allowed_packet=32M
    
default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
    
#lower_case_file_system = on
    
#lower_case_table_names = 1
    
log_bin_trust_function_creators = ON
    
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
    
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
    
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
    
# join_buffer_size = 128M
    
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
    
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

  6. 设置开机自启动

    # cd /mysql解压目录/support-files/
    
# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
    
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

  7. 注册服务

    chkconfig --add mysql

  8. etc/ld.so.conf要配置路径

    /mysql安装目录全路径/lib

  9. 配置环境变量

    export PATH=$PATH:/mysql解压全路径/bin:/mysql解压全路径/lib

  10. 启动MySQL,登陆，输入之前随机生成的密码

    service mysql start #启动mysql
    
mysql -uroot -p #登陆

然后输入之前初始化自动生成的密码登陆

  11. 修改root密码

    alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '你的新的root账户密码';

开启MySQL远程访问

  1. 修改root用户可访问的ip：host选项由loaclhost变更为%，意为允许所有ip登陆访问

    use mysql; #切换到mysql库
    
update user set host ='%' where user='root'; #修改host为所有IP

  2. 修改系统防火墙允许3306端口通过

  3. MySQL8.0版本还需要修改密码的加密方式：

    先切换到mysql库

    use mysql

    一.修改加密方式

    ALTER USER'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

    二.修改密码

    ALTER USER'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '你的密码';

    三.授权root用户可以远程访问

    GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';

    四.刷新

    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    
然后重启服务

  4. 远程客户端打开sqlyog访问测试

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