java udp与tcp

时间:2021-04-28 04:05:43

一:基础  NET基本对象java.net.InetAddress类的使用

IP地址是IP使用的32位(IPv4)或者128位(IPv6)位无符号数字,它是传输层协议TCP,UDP的基础。InetAddress是Java 对IP地址的封装,在java.net中有许多类都使用到了InetAddress,包括 ServerSocket,Socket,DatagramSocket等等。

InetAddress的实例对象包含以数字形式保存的
IP地址,同时还可能包含主机名(如果使用主机名来获取InetAddress的实例,或者使用数字来构造,并且启用了反向主机名解析的功能)。
InetAddress类提供了将主机名解析为IP地址(或反之)的方法。

InetAddress的构造函数不是公开的(public),所以需要通过它提供的静态方法来获取,有以下的方法:

static InetAddress[] getAllByName(String host)

static InetAddress getByAddress(byte[] addr)

static InetAddress getByAddress(String host,byte[] addr)

static InetAddress getByName(String host)

static InetAddress getLocalHost()

实例代码:

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class Demo { /**
* @param args
* @throws UnknownHostException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException { //获取本地主机的IP地址对象
//InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); //获取任意一台主机的IP地址对象
InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getByName("10.2.156.26"); //获取本地主机的ip地址
String ip = inet.getHostAddress(); //获取本机主机的主机名
String name = inet.getHostName(); System.out.println(ip+":"+name);
} }

二:udp相关代码

1:使用udp协议实现数据的发送

1:创建Socket发送端
      2:明确要发送的数据
      3:把要发送的数据封装成数据报包
      4:使用Socket的发送功能发送数据

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class Send1 { /**
* 使用udp协议实现数据的发送
* 1:创建Socket发送端
* 2:明确要发送的数据
* 3:把要发送的数据封装成数据报包
* 4:使用Socket的发送功能发送数据
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
System.out.println("发送方启动......");
//1:创建Socket发送端---确定了使用的协议
DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(); //2:明确要发送的数据
String data = "明天放假";
byte[] b = data.getBytes();
//3:把要发送的数据封装成数据报包
//数据报包中包含了要发送的数据,接收数据的主机的IP地址对象,以及接收方使用哪个端口来接收
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(b,b.length,InetAddress.getByName("10.2.156.15"),22222); //4:使用Socket的发送功能发送数据
//该方法内部使用的输出流,向网络上的另一台主机输出数据
ds.send(dp); ds.close();
} }
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException; public class Receive1 { /**
* 使用udp协议实现数据的接收
* 1:创建Socket端点,同时要监听一个端口
* 2:创建用来接收数据的数据报包
* 3:使用Socket的接收功能来接收数据
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
System.out.println("接收方启动......");
//1:创建Socket端点
DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(22222); //2:创建一个空的数据报包来接收发送过来的数据报包
byte[] arr = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(arr, arr.length); //使用Socket的接收功能来接收数据
ds.receive(dp); //解析数据
//获取发送过来的数据
byte[] data = dp.getData();
String shuju = new String(data,0,dp.getLength()); //获取发送方的ip地址
String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress(); //获取发送方发送数据使用的端口
int port = dp.getPort(); System.out.println(ip+":"+port+":"+shuju); } }

2:使用udp实现可以一直接收数据

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress; public class Send2
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String line = null;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
{
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(line.getBytes(),
line.length(), InetAddress.getByName("10.2.156.26"), 10001); ds.send(dp);
if ("over".equals(line))
{
System.out.println("程序结束!");
break;
}
}
ds.close();
br.close();
}
}

Send

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException; public class Receive2 { /**
* 使用udp实现可以一直接收数据
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { System.out.println("接收方启动.....");
// 创建Socket端点,同时监听一个端口
DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(33333); while(true)
{
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(b, b.length); ds.receive(dp); String data = new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());
String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+":"+data);
}
//ds.close(); } }

Receive

3:使用udp实现既能发送也能接收---聊天程序

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException; public class UdpChat { /**
* 使用udp实现既能发送也能接收---聊天程序
* 发送的同时还能接收,使用多线程
* 创建一个线程负责发送
* 创建一个线程负责接收
* @throws SocketException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws SocketException {
DatagramSocket sendSocket = new DatagramSocket();
DatagramSocket receiveSocket = new DatagramSocket(44444); new Thread(new Send(sendSocket)).start();
new Thread(new Receive(receiveSocket)).start();
} }
//描述接收任务
class Receive implements Runnable
{
private DatagramSocket socket;
public Receive(DatagramSocket socket)
{
this.socket = socket;
}
@Override
public void run() { while(true)
{
byte[] buf= new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length); try {
socket.receive(dp); String data = new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());
String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
if("baibai".equals(data))
{
System.out.println(ip+"离开了,不聊了");
}
System.out.println(ip+":"+data); } catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} } }
//描述发送任务
class Send implements Runnable
{
private DatagramSocket socket;
public Send(DatagramSocket socket)
{
this.socket = socket;
} @Override
public void run() { BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String line = null;
try {
while((line = br.readLine())!=null)
{
byte[] b = line.getBytes();
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(b,b.length,InetAddress.getByName("10.2.156.255"),44444);
socket.send(dp);
if("baibai".equals(line))
{
break;
}
}
br.close();
socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Chat

三:tcp相关代码

1:使用Tcp实现数据的发送(在服务器端把字符串变成大写返回到客户端)

代码:

package tcp;

//172.17.9.1
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException; /**
* 使用Tcp实现数据的发送
* 1:创建Socket端点,同时指明连接的服务器的Ip地址和端口
* 2:从 Socket流中获取输出流
* 3:使用输出流向服务器端写入数据
*
* @throws IOException
* @throws UnknownHostException
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// 创建Tcp协议的客户端,同时指明连接的服务器的Ip地址和端口
// 如果这条语句执行成功,不但创建了一个客户端对象,同时也和服务器端连接成功
// 如果连接成功,说明和服务器端建立了一条通道
// 这条通道就是Socket流(也就是客户端对象),Socket流中既有字节输入流,也有字节输出流
Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("172.17.9.1"), 8888); //创建读取键盘输入的数据的字符读取流
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
//创建发送小写字符串到服务器端的字符输出流
OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream();
PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(os, true);
//创建接收服务器返回的大写字符串的字符读取流
InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
BufferedReader brr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
//读取键盘输入的字符串并发给服务器端,并接收大写字符串
while (true) {
String line = null;
if ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
if ("over".equals(line)) {
System.out.println("程序结束!!");
break;
}
ps.println(line);//发送小写字符串到服务器端 String str = brr.readLine();//接收服务器返回的大写字符串
System.out.println(str);
}
}
brr.close();
ps.close();
br.close();
s.close(); }
}

Client

package tcp;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
*使用Tcp实现数据的接收
*1:创建Socket端点,同时监听一个端口
*2:获取客户端对象,也就是获取Socket对象,也就是获取流对象,从而和客户端使用同一个流
*3:从Socket流中获取输入流
*4:使用输入流读取客户端发送的数据
* @throws IOException
*/
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//1:创建Socket端点,同时监听一个端口
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(8888);
//获取客户端对象
Socket s = ss.accept();
//创建接收小写字符串的字符读取流
InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
//创建发送大写字符串的字符输出流
OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(os, true);
//循环读取客户端,再发送大写字符串到客户端
while (true) {
String line = br.readLine();
if ("over".equals(line))
break;
else
pw.println(line.toUpperCase());
}
pw.close();
br.close();
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}

Server

2:实现文本文件的上传:上传完成时,服务器端返回"上传成功"

package tcp;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
/**
* 实现文本文件的上传:上传完成时,服务器端返回"上传成功"
* 客户端:
* 1:读取本地的一个文件
* 2:发送到服务器端
* 3:接收服务器端返回的"上传成功"
* @throws IOException
* @throws UnknownHostException
*/
public class Client2 { /**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* @throws UnknownHostException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("172.17.9.1"), 9999);
//创建读取文本文件的字符读取流
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(
"tempFile\\Demo.java"));
//创建发送到服务器端的字符输出流
OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(os, true);
//创建接收服务器端返回的"上传成功"的字符读取流
InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
BufferedReader brr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)); String line = null;
//循环读取文件并写入到服务器端
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
pw.println(line);
}
//向服务器端发送结束标记
s.shutdownOutput();//向服务器发送结束标记==》结束的是输出
//接收服务器端返回的"上传成功"
String res = brr.readLine();
System.out.println(res);
br.close();
s.close();
} }

Client2

package tcp;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket; /**
* 实现文本文件的上传:上传完成时,服务器端返回"上传成功"
* 服务器端:
* 1:接收客户端发送的数据
* 2:写入到一个本地文件
* 3:发送“上传成功”
* @throws IOException
*/ public class Server2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(9999);
//获取客户端对象
Socket s = ss.accept();
//创建接收客户端发送的数据的字符读取流
InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
//创建写入到一个本地文件的字符输出流
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("tempFile\\Demo_copy.java"));
//创建发送“上传成功”的字符输出流
OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(os,true);
//循环读取客户端发送的数据,写入到本地文件
String line = null;
//读取的是客户端,所以读不到 null
while((line = br.readLine())!=null)
{
bw.write(line);
bw.newLine();
bw.flush();
}
bw.close();
//发送“上传成功”
pw.println("上传成功!!");//这里如果用户println,它会自动刷新,如果是write 他不会自动刷新 s.close();
ss.close(); } }

Server2

3:实现图片的上传

package tcp;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
/**
* 实现图片的上传
* @throws IOException
* @throws UnknownHostException
*/
public class client3 { /**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* @throws UnknownHostException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("172.17.9.1"),6666);
//读取图片的字节读取流
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("img\\img.jpg");
//发送到服务器端的字节输出流
OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream();
//读取上传成功的字节读取流
InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
//循环读取文件,并发送到服务器端
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while((len = fis.read(b))!=-1)//==》读取字节的时候,返回的是int即读到的个数,参数为字符数组的引用
{
os.write(b,0,len);
} //向服务器端写入结束标记
s.shutdownOutput();
//读取上传成功
byte[] arr = new byte[1024];
int num = is.read(arr);
System.out.println(new String(arr,0,num));
s.close(); } }

client3

package tcp;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket; public class Server3 { /**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(6666); Socket s = ss.accept(); InputStream is = s.getInputStream(); OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream(); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("img\\img_copy.jpg"); byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int num = 0;
while((num = is.read(b))!=-1)
{
fos.write(b,0,num);
} String str = "上传成功!";
os.write(str.getBytes());
os.flush(); s.close();
ss.close();
} }

Server3

4:实现图片的同步上传

package tcp;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class client4 { /**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* @throws UnknownHostException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("172.17.9.1"),6666); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("img\\img.jpg"); OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream(); InputStream is = s.getInputStream(); byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while((len = fis.read(b))!=-1)
{
os.write(b,0,len);
}
byte[] arr = new byte[1024];
s.shutdownOutput(); int num = is.read(arr);
System.out.println(new String(arr,0,num));
s.close(); } }

client4

package PicUpload;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket; public class PicUpload implements Runnable { Socket s; public PicUpload(Socket s) {
this.s = s;
} @Override
public void run() { String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip + "连接到服务器..");
try {
// 防止文件覆盖
int num = 0;
File dir = new File("E:\\Image");
if (!dir.exists())
dir.mkdir();
File file = new File(dir, ip + "(" + (++num) + ")" + ".jpg");
while (file.exists())
file = new File(dir, ip + "(" + (++num) + ")" + ".jpg");
OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream(); InputStream is = s.getInputStream(); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file); byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {
fos.write(b, 0, len);
} String str = "上传成功!";
os.write(str.getBytes());
os.flush(); s.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} }

PicUpload

package tcp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket; import PicUpload.PicUpload; public class Server4 { /**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(6666);
while(true)
{
Socket s = ss.accept();
new Thread(new PicUpload(s)).start();
} } }

Server4