python之线程相关操作(补充)

时间：2022-11-26 22:00:02

1 线程的其他方法

import threading

import time

from threading import Thread, current_thread

def f1(n):

    time.sleep(1)

    print('子线程名称', current_thread().getName())

    print('子线程id', current_thread().ident)

    print('%s号线程任务' % n)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    t1 = Thread(target=f1, args=(1,))

    t1.start()

    t2 = Thread(target=f1, args=(1,))

    t2.start()

    print('主线程名称', current_thread().getName())

    print('主线程id', current_thread().ident)

    print(current_thread())  # 当前线程对象

    print(threading.enumerate()) # 当前正在运行的线程对象的一个列表

    print(threading.active_count()) # 当前正在运行的线程数量

2 线程队列

首先导入模块 import queue

先进先出队列:queue.Queue(3)

先进后出\后进先出队列:queue.LifoQueue(3)

优先级队列:queue.priorityQueue(3)

其中都是相同的方法

import queue

# # 先进先出队列

# q = queue.Queue(3)

# q.put(1)

# q.put(2)

# print('当前长度', q.qsize())

# print('是否满了', q.full())

# q.put(3)

# print('是否满了', q.full())

# try:

#     q.put_nowait(5)

# except Exception:

#     print('满了')

# print(q.get())

# print(q.get())

# print('是否空了', q.empty())

# print(q.get())

# print('是否空了', q.empty())

# try:

#     print(q.get_nowait())

# except Exception:

#     print('空了')

# # 先进后出队列, 类似于栈

# q = queue.LifoQueue(3)

# q.put(1)

# q.put(2)

# q.put(3)

#

# print(q.get())

# print(q.get())

# print(q.get())

# '''

#

#

#

# '''

# 优先级队列

q = queue.PriorityQueue(7)

q.put((6, 'today')) #　存放一个元组，　第一个元素是优先级，　越小优先级越高

q.put((-3, 'yesterday'))

q.put((5, 'tomorrow'))

q.put((12, 12))

q.put((5, 'July'))

q.put((7,23))

q.put((7,123))

print(q.get())

print(q.get())

print(q.get())

print(q.get())

print(q.get())

print(q.get())

print(q.get())

'''

(-3, 'yesterday')

(5, 'July')

(5, 'tomorrow')

(6, 'today')

(7, 23)

(7, 123)

(12, 12)

'''

3 线程池

首先导入

From concurrent_futures import ThreadPoolExecutor,ProcessPoolExecutor

import time

from threading import current_thread

from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor,ProcessPoolExecutor

def f1(n,s):

    time.sleep(1)

    # print('%s号子线程'%current_thread().ident)

    # print(n,s)

    return

if __name__ == '__main__':

    tp = ThreadPoolExecutor(4)

    # tp = ProcessPoolExecutor(4)

    # tp.map(f1,range(10))  #异步提交任务,参数同样是任务名称,可迭代对象

    res_list = []

    for i in range(10):

        res = tp.submit(f1,i,'baobao')  #submit是给线程池异步提交任务,

        print(res)

        # res.result()

        res_list.append(res)

    # for r in res_list:

    #     print(r.result())

    tp.shutdown()  #主线程等待所有提交给线程池的任务,全部执行完毕 close + join

    for r in res_list:

        print(r.result())  # 和get方法一样,如果没有结果,会等待,阻塞程序

    print('主线程结束')

线程池回调函数:

from  concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, ProcessPoolExecutor

def f1(n, n1):

    return n + n1

def f2(n):

    print(n) # <Future at 0x25bc198 state=finished returned int>

    print('这里是回调函数:', n.result()) # 这里是回调函数: 23

if __name__ == '__main__':

    tp = ThreadPoolExecutor(4)

    res = tp.submit(f1, 11,12).add_done_callback(f2)

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