GDI+ for VCL基础 -- 画刷之HatchBrush

时间:2021-12-21 19:19:20

        本文为GDI+ for VCL基础系列文章之一,主要供GDI+初学者入门参考,例子使用GDI+版本下载地址和说明见《GDI+ for VCL基础 -- GDI+ 与 VCL》。如有错误或者建议请来信:maozefa@hotmail.com

        GDI+由二维矢量图形、图像和版面等三部分组成,其中的二维矢量图形的图元,包括点、线条、曲线和图形等的绘制工具就是画笔和画刷,而画笔的特征又是由画刷决定的(在以后的关于画笔的文章中介绍),因此,熟练地掌握GDI+的各种画刷特性和使用方法是绘制GDI+图形的前提条件。

        GDI+提供了SolidBrush(实色刷)、HatchBrush(阴影刷)、TextureBrush(纹理刷)、LinearGradientBrush(渐变刷)和PathGradientBrush(路径刷)等五种画刷,在GDI+ for VCL中,各种画刷在原C++类类名基础上加了TGp前缀,均派生于TGpBrush,其中的TGpSolidBrush和TGpHatchBrush相当于VCL中传统的GDI的画刷TBrush。

         VCL的TBrush通过对其Style设置,可以使用几种填充图案,而GDI+ for VCL则提供了单独的阴影刷TGpHatchBrush。TGpHatchBrush不仅提供了多达53种的阴影样式(填充图案),而且可以设置图案的前景色和背景色。下面的代码片断演示了GDI+建立各种阴影刷填充图案的例子:

        Delphi例子:

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
var
  backgroundImage: TGpImage;
begin
  backgroundImage := TGpBitmap.Create('../../Media/marble.jpg');
  try
    FBackgroundBrush := TGpTextureBrush.Create(backgroundImage);
  finally
    backgroundImage.Free;
  end;
  FShadowBrush := TGpSolidBrush.Create(ARGB(80, kcBlack));
  DoubleBuffered := True;
  PaintProc := HatchPaint;
end;

procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
  FBackgroundBrush.Free;
  FShadowBrush.Free;
end;
procedure TForm1.HatchPaint(g: TGpGraphics);
var
  I: THatchStyle;
  x, y: Integer;
  brush: TGpHatchBrush;
begin
  y := -22;
  for I := Low(THatchStyle) to High(THatchStyle) do
  begin
    if Integer(I) mod 8 = 0 then
    begin
      x := 10;
      Inc(y, 38);
    end;
    if Integer(I) mod 2 = 0 then
      brush := TGpHatchBrush.Create(I, kcWhite, kcBlue)
    else
      brush := TGpHatchBrush.Create(I, kcYellow, kcRed);
    try
      if Integer(I) mod 2 = 0 then
      begin
        g.FillRectangle(FShadowBrush, x + 3, y + 3, 35, 30);
        g.FillRectangle(brush, x, y, 35, 30);
      end
      else
      begin
        g.FillEllipse(FShadowBrush, x + 3, y + 3, 35, 30);
        g.FillEllipse(brush, x, y, 35, 30);
      end;
    finally
      Brush.Free;
    end;
    Inc(x, 44);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.PaintBox1Paint(Sender: TObject);
var
  g: TGpGraphics;
begin
  g := TGpGraphics.Create(PaintBox1.Canvas.Handle);
  try
    g.FillRectangle(FBackgroundBrush, GpRect(PaintBox1.ClientRect));
    PaintProc(g);
  finally
    g.Free;
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.SetPaintProc(const Value: TPaintProc);
begin
  FProc := Value;
  PaintBox1.Invalidate;
end;

其中PaintProc是个方法属性。TGpHatchBrush有阴影样式、前景色和背景色三个属性,但是都是只读的,所以要改变阴影样式、前景色和背景色唯一的办法就是重新建立。

        C++ Builder例子:

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void  __fastcall TForm1::FormCreate(TObject  * Sender)
{
  TGpImage 
* backgroundImage  =   new  TGpBitmap( " ../../Media/marble.jpg " );
  
try
  {
    FBackgroundBrush 
=   new  TGpTextureBrush(backgroundImage);
  }
  __finally
  {
    delete backgroundImage;
  }
  FShadowBrush 
=   new  TGpSolidBrush(TGpColor( 80 , kcBlack));
  DoubleBuffered 
=   true ;
  PaintProc 
=   &Hatch Paint;
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void  __fastcall TForm1::FormDestroy(TObject  * Sender)
{
    delete FBackgroundBrush;
    delete FShadowBrush;
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void  __fastcall TForm1::SetPaintProc( const  TPaintProc Value)
{
    FProc 
=  Value;
    PaintBox1
-> Invalidate();
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::HatchPaint(TGpGraphics *g)
{
 TGpHatchBrush *brush;
 int x = 0, y = -22;
 for (int I = hsHorizontal; I <= hsSolidDiamond; I ++)
 {
  if (I % 8 == 0)
  {
   x = 10;
   y += 38;
  }
  if (I % 2 == 0)
   brush = new TGpHatchBrush((THatchStyle)I, kcWhite, kcBlue);
  else
   brush = new TGpHatchBrush((THatchStyle)I, kcYellow, kcRed);
  try
  {
   if (I % 2 == 0)
   {
    g->FillRectangle(FShadowBrush, x + 3, y + 3, 35, 30);
    g->FillRectangle(brush, x, y, 35, 30);
   }
   else
   {
    g->FillEllipse(FShadowBrush, x + 3, y + 3, 35, 30);
    g->FillEllipse(brush, x, y, 35, 30);
   }
  }
  __finally
  {
   delete brush;
  }
  x += 44;
   }
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::PaintBox1Paint(TObject * Sender)
{
    TGpGraphics 
*= new TGpGraphics(PaintBox1->Canvas->
Handle);
    
try

    {
        g
->FillRectangle(FBackgroundBrush, TGpRect(PaintBox1-> ClientRect));
        PaintProc(g);
    }
    __finally
    {
        delete g;
    }
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

运行效果图:

          GDI+ for VCL基础 -- 画刷之HatchBrush

        很遗憾,TGpHatchBrush没有提供自定义图案样式功能,否则会增色不少。由于可以设置阴影图案的前景色和背景色,如果把前景色或者背景色设置为透明色或者半透明色,再配上适当的底色图片,可以产生意想不到的艺术效果。