YAFFS目前有yaffs、yaffs2两个版本，一般来说，yaffs对小页(512B+16B/页)的NandFlash(68M)有很好的支持，yaffs2对大页(2K+64B/页)的NandFlash(128M、256M或者更大)支持更好。
我的 nandflash 型号是：K9F2G08U0C
大小是：256M
因此采用 mkyaffs2image 工具：
1. 首先下载 yaffs2 源码
git clone git://www.aleph1.co.uk/yaffs2
2. 将 yaffs2 选项放到linux 内核的配置选项中：
cd yaffs2
./patch-ker.sh c m linux-tree
我的内核放在了 ~/wor_lip/linux-3.4.112 文件夹下，因此，命令为：
./patch-ker.sh c m ~/wor_lip/linux-3.4.112
3. 查看内核让内核支持yaffs2：
进入linux内核源码目录，
make menuconfig
File systems --->
[*] Miscellaneous filesystems --->
<*> yaffs2 file system support
其他配置也要配置好
make uImage
重新生成uImage
4. uboot 中添加 支持 yaffs2 的烧写：
支持 yaffs2 的烧写，就是添加 nand write.yaffs2 命令
cmd/nand.c 文件中：
@@ -617,7 +617,17 @@ static int do_nand(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
}
ret = nand_write_skip_bad(nand, off, &rwsize, NULL,
maxsize, (u_char *)addr,
- WITH_DROP_FFS | WITH_WR_VERIFY);
+ WITH_DROP_FFS | WITH_WR_VERIFY);
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS
+ } else if (!strcmp(s, ".yaffs2")) {
+ if (read) {
+ printf("Unknown nand command suffix '%s'\n", s);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ ret = nand_write_skip_bad(nand, off, &rwsize, NULL,
+ maxsize, (u_char *)addr,
+ WITH_YAFFS_OOB);
#endif
} else if (!strcmp(s, ".oob")) {
/* out-of-band data */
@@ -765,6 +775,11 @@ static char nand_help_text[] =
" 'addr', skipping bad blocks and dropping any pages at the end\n"
" of eraseblocks that contain only 0xFF\n"
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS
+ "nand write.yaffs2 - addr off|partition size\n"
+ " write 'size' bytes starting at offset 'off' with yaffs format\n"
+ " from memory address 'addr', skipping bad blocks\n"
+#endif
"nand erase[.spread] [clean] off size - erase 'size' bytes "
"from offset 'off'\n"
" With '.spread', erase enough for given file size, otherwise,\n"
drivers/mtd/nand/nand_util.c
@@ -580,8 +580,23 @@ int nand_write_skip_bad(nand_info_t *nand, loff_t offset, size_t *length,
if (actual)
*actual = 0;
-
+#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS
+ if (flags & WITH_YAFFS_OOB) {
+ if (flags & ~WITH_YAFFS_OOB)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ int pages;
+ pages = nand->erasesize / nand->writesize;
+ blocksize = (pages * nand->oobsize) + nand->erasesize;
+ if (*length % (nand->writesize + nand->oobsize)){
+ printf ("Attempt to write incomplete page"
+ " in yaffs mode\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ }else
+#endif
+ {
blocksize = nand->erasesize;
+ }
/*
* nand_write() handles unaligned, partial page writes.
@@ -650,24 +665,55 @@ int nand_write_skip_bad(nand_info_t *nand, loff_t offset, size_t *length,
else
write_size = blocksize - block_offset;
- truncated_write_size = write_size;
-#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_TRIMFFS
- if (flags & WITH_DROP_FFS)
- truncated_write_size = drop_ffs(nand, p_buffer,
- &write_size);
+#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS
+ if (flags & WITH_YAFFS_OOB) {
+ int page, pages;
+ size_t pagesize = nand->writesize;
+ size_t pagesize_oob = pagesize + nand->oobsize;
+ struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
+
+ ops.len = pagesize;
+ ops.ooblen = nand->oobsize;
+ ops.mode = MTD_OPS_RAW; //这里要改为RAW
+ ops.ooboffs = 0;
+
+ pages = write_size / pagesize_oob;
+ for (page = 0; page < pages; page++) {
+ WATCHDOG_RESET();
+
+ ops.datbuf = p_buffer;
+ ops.oobbuf = ops.datbuf + pagesize;
+
+ rval = nand->_write_oob(nand, offset, &ops);
+ if (rval != 0)
+ break;
+
+ offset += pagesize;
+ p_buffer += pagesize_oob;
+ }
+ }
+ else
#endif
+ {
- rval = nand_write(nand, offset, &truncated_write_size,
- p_buffer);
+ truncated_write_size = write_size;
+#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND_TRIMFFS
+ if (flags & WITH_DROP_FFS)
+ truncated_write_size = drop_ffs(nand, p_buffer,
+ &write_size);
+#endif
- if ((flags & WITH_WR_VERIFY) && !rval)
- rval = nand_verify(nand, offset,
- truncated_write_size, p_buffer);
+ rval = nand_write(nand, offset, &truncated_write_size,
+ p_buffer);
- offset += write_size;
- p_buffer += write_size;
+ if ((flags & WITH_WR_VERIFY) && !rval)
+ rval = nand_verify(nand, offset,
+ truncated_write_size, p_buffer);
- if (rval != 0) {
+ offset += write_size;
+ p_buffer += write_size;
+ }
+ if (rval != 0) {
printf("NAND write to offset %llx failed %d\n",
offset, rval);
*length -= left_to_write;
include/configs/lip2440.h
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
#define CONFIG_CMD_PING
#define CONFIG_CMD_REGINFO
#define CONFIG_CMD_USB
+#define CONFIG_CMD_NAND_YAFFS
#define CONFIG_SYS_HUSH_PARSER
#define CONFIG_CMDLINE_EDITING
include/nand.h
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
#endif
#endif
+#define WITH_YAFFS_OOB (1 << 0)
+#define WITH_DROP_FFS (1 << 0)
+
extern void nand_init(void);
#include <linux/compat.h>
重新编译，即可
4. 生成 yaffs2 类型的根文件系统：
这里用的制作 yaffs2 格式的工具是 韦东山 提供的工具，自己在yaffs2 源码的utils中make生成的是不能使用的，需要做一些相应的修改。
cp /mnt/hgfs/share/mkyaffs2image .
./mkyaffs2image
fs_mini fs_mini.yaffs2 (这里有个坑，如果用 mkyaffs2image 则用的是系统中应用程序中文件夹中的 mkyaffs2image 程序，所以必须加上 ./ )
sudo chmod 777 fs_mini.yaffs2
cp fs_mini.yaffs2 /tftpboot/
5. 将 yaffs2 类型的根文件系统烧写到nand的指定的如下中的 root 位置上。
对 linux 内核源码的 arch/arm/mach-s3c24xx/mach-mini2440.c 中的说明：
static struct mtd_partition mini2440_default_nand_part[] __initdata = {
[0] = {
.name = "u-boot", // bootloader 所在分区，对应 /dev/mtdblock0
.size = SZ_512K,
.offset = 0,
},
[1] = {
.name = "u-boot-env", // bootloader 的参数区，对应
/dev/mtdblock1
.size = SZ_512K,
.offset = SZ_512K,
},
[2] = {
.name = "kernel", // 内核所在分区，对应
/dev/mtdblock2
/* 5 megabytes, for a kernel with no modules
* or a uImage with a ramdisk attached */
/*
*.size = 0x00500000,
*.offset = SZ_256K + SZ_128K,
*/
.offset = SZ_1M, (0x10 0000)
.size = SZ_4M, (0x40 0000)
},
[3] = {
.name = "root", // 根文件系统所在分区，可用来存放 yaffs2 文件系统，对应
/dev/mtdblock3
/*
*.offset = SZ_256K + SZ_128K + 0x00500000,
*.size = MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,
*/
.offset = SZ_1M*5, (0x50 0000)
.size = SZ_1M*100, (0x640 0000)
},
};
一个值得参考的设置：
6. 用tftp 命令，将 uImage和fs_mini.yaffs2分别下载到nand中去
首先查看 uImage 和 fs_mini.yaffs2 的大小分别是 2.4M 和 6.1M
tftp 0x30008000 uImage
nand erase 0x100000 0x400000
nand write 0x30008000 0x100000 0x400000
tftp 0x30008000 fs_mini.yaffs2
nand erase 0x500000 0x6400000
nand write.yaffs2 0x30008000 0x500000 [实际下载进去的大小，防止产生坏块]
7. 修改 uboot 的启动参数：
boot_from_nand=noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 rw rootfstype=yaffs2 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200
boot_from_nfs=noinitrd boot=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.100.151.215:/source/fs_mini,tcp ip=10.100.151.222:10.100.151.215:10.100.151.2:255.255.255.0:jz2440::off console=ttySAC0,115200 mem=64M init=/linuxrc
bootargs=noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 rw rootfstype=yaffs2 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200
bootcmd=nand read 0x31000000 0x100000 0x400000;bootm 0x31000000
bootcmd_from_nand=nand read 0x31000000 0x100000 0x400000;bootm 0x31000000
bootcmd_from_nfs=tftp 31000000 uImage;bootm 31000000