前言:
TensorFlow 有cpu和 gpu两个版本:gpu版本需要英伟达CUDA 和 cuDNN 的支持,cpu版本不需要;本文主要安装gpu版本。
1、环境
注意:pip其实在安装python的时候就自带了,但是需要将其(XXX:\ Python\Python36\Scripts)配置到环境变量(path)中,红色字体代表python安装 的路径。
2、安装
(1)、下载 CUDA
Google 官方推荐CUDA8 ,可以去官网下载:cuda
- 安装CUDA
直接双击exe安装,按提示下一步装到底就行。装完测试一下是否安装成功,命令行输入 nvcc -V ,看到版本信息就表示安装成功了。
(2)、下载cuDNN
tensorflow版本不同,需要的cuDNN版本也不一样,具体看tensorflow的发布说明,如:tensorflow1.3的发布说明
- 配置cuDNN
下载到对应版本的cuDNN(tensorflow1.3需要cuDNN6,可到 https://www.zhihu.com/question/37082272下载)后,解压:
- 将解压后的bin目录配置到系统环境变量(path)中;
- 将相应的文件拷贝到相应的目录:
copy cudnn\bin\cudnn64_5.dll to C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v8.0\bin\
copy cudnn\include\cudnn.h to C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v8.0\include\
copy cudnn\lib\x64\cudnn.lib to C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v8.0\lib\x64\
copy cudnn\include\cudnn.h to C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v8.0\include\
copy cudnn\lib\x64\cudnn.lib to C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v8.0\lib\x64\
(3)、安装tensorflow
- # GPU版本
- pip3 install --upgrade tensorflow-gpu
- # CPU版本
- pip3 install --upgrade tensorflow
(4)、卸载tensorflow
- pip3 uninstall tensorflow
3、测试
- import tensorflow as tf
- a = tf.random_normal((100, 100))
- b = tf.random_normal((100, 500))
- c = tf.matmul(a, b)
- sess = tf.InteractiveSession()
- sess.run(c)
issue:
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper
- return importlib.import_module(mname)
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
- return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
- ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
- During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module>
- from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
- _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper
- return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
- return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
- ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'
- During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- File "<pyshell#0>", line 1, in <module>
- import tensorflow as tf
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
- from tensorflow.python import *
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 51, in <module>
- from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 52, in <module>
- raise ImportError(msg)
- ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper
- return importlib.import_module(mname)
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
- return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module
- File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
- ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
- During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module>
- from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module>
- _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper
- return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')
- File "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
- return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
- ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'
- Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.
- See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems
- for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace
- above this error message when asking for help.
如果在 import tensorflow 的时候出现此问题,很有可能是没有装相应的vs运行时库,如tensorflow1.3,需要vs2015的运行时库即Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015