asp.net core 自定义401和异常显示内容(JWT认证、Cookie Base认证失败显示内容)

时间:2021-06-20 09:13:48

  asp.net core 2.0使用JWT认证园子里已经有挺多帖子了,但开发中发现认证未授权情况下返回的401状态码是没有任何信息的,业务中可能有需要返回一串错误的Json信息。在这里我分享一个自定义错误页面内容信息的方法,使用该扩展方法还可以捕获异常,将异常信息也转为json。

  1.新建一个Api接口统一返回类ApiResult.cs(可替换成自己的)。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Jom.WebApi.Config
{
public class ApiResult
{
public bool Success { get; set; } = true;
public string Msg { get; set; } = "";
public string Type { get; set; } = "";
public object Data { get; set; } = "";
public object DataExt { get; set; } = "";
}
}

  2.建立中间件ErrorHandlingMiddleware.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Jom.WebApi.Config
{
public class ErrorHandlingMiddleware
{
private readonly RequestDelegate next; public ErrorHandlingMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
{
this.next = next;
} public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
{
try
{
await next(context);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
var statusCode = context.Response.StatusCode;
if (ex is ArgumentException)
{
statusCode = ;
}
await HandleExceptionAsync(context, statusCode, ex.Message);
}
finally
{
var statusCode = context.Response.StatusCode;
var msg = "";
if (statusCode == )
{
msg = "未授权";
}
else if (statusCode == )
{
msg = "未找到服务";
}
else if (statusCode == )
{
msg = "请求错误";
}
else if (statusCode != )
{
msg = "未知错误";
}
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(msg))
{
await HandleExceptionAsync(context, statusCode, msg);
}
}
}
     //异常错误信息捕获,将错误信息用Json方式返回
private static Task HandleExceptionAsync(HttpContext context, int statusCode, string msg)
{
var result = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new ApiResult() { Success=false,Msg=msg,Type= statusCode.ToString() });
context.Response.ContentType = "application/json;charset=utf-8";
return context.Response.WriteAsync(result);
}
}
  //扩展方法
public static class ErrorHandlingExtensions
{
public static IApplicationBuilder UseErrorHandling(this IApplicationBuilder builder)
{
return builder.UseMiddleware<ErrorHandlingMiddleware>();
}
}
}

  3.最后只要在Startup.cs中的Configure方法中加上一句,在Startup.cs中添加引用using Jom.WebApi.Config;使用扩展方法ErrorHandlingExtensions()使用错误码处理中间件。

//请求错误提示配置
app.UseErrorHandling();

  完整的Configure方法

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
} //请求错误提示配置
app.UseErrorHandling(); //使用认证授权
app.UseAuthentication(); //使用mvc
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
routes.MapRoute(
name: "default",
template: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id?}",
defaults: new { controller = "Values", action = "Get" });
});
}

  最后就完成了自定义401页面内容,同时还可以定义其他状态码如403,404,502,503等等,同时api接口报异常也将转化为特定的JSON格式。

postman中请求返回

asp.net core 自定义401和异常显示内容(JWT认证、Cookie Base认证失败显示内容)