File类:
定义:文件和目录径的抽象表示形式, Java中将路径或者文件封装成File对象
1.File类的静态成员变量
package com.zs.Demo2; import java.io.File; public class FileDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
fun();
} private static void fun() {
String s = File.pathSeparator;//目录分隔符 ; 在linux中是:
System.out.println(s); //结果 ;
String s1 = File.separator;// 目录的名称分隔符 \ 在linux中是:/
System.out.println(s1); //结果 \
}
}
2.File类的构造方法:
import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW; import java.io.File; public class FileDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
fun1();
fun2();
fun3();
} private static void fun3() {
File parent = new File("d:");
File f=new File(parent,"IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4");
System.out.println(f);//d:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4
} private static void fun2() {
//传递父路径,子路径
File f=new File("d:","IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4");
System.out.println(f);//d:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4
} private static void fun1() {
//传递路径名
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4");
System.out.println(f);//D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4
}
}
3.File类的功能
创建和删除:
package com.zs.Demo2; import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW; import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException; /*创建和删除文件夹功能*/
public class FileDemo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
fun();
fun1();
fun2();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} private static void fun2() {
//删除,不经过回收站,直接从硬盘中删除
File f= new File("d:\\Filelx.txt");
boolean b = f.delete();
System.out.println(b);//true
} private static void fun1() {
//创建单级文件夹
File f=new File("d:\\lx");
boolean b = f.mkdir();
System.out.println(b);
//创建多级文件夹
File f1=new File("d:\\Filelx\\lx\\javalx.txt");
boolean b1 = f1.mkdirs();
System.out.println(b1);
} private static void fun() throws IOException {
File f=new File("d:\\FileLx.txt");
//createNewFile()创建文件,返回true,如果已经存在了,就不再创建,返回false;
boolean b = f.createNewFile();
System.out.println(b);//true
}
}
获取功能:
package com.zs.Demo2; import java.io.File; public class FileDemo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
fun();
fun1();
fun2();
fun3();
} private static void fun3() {
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\\build.txt");
String parent = f.getParent();//获取父路径
System.out.println(parent);//D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4
} private static void fun2() {
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\\build.txt");
String path = f.getPath();//获取文件的绝对路径
System.out.println(path);//D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\build.txt
} private static void fun1() {
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\\build.txt");
long length = f.length();//获取文件的字节数
System.out.println(length);//
} private static void fun() {
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\\build.txt");
String name = f.getName();//获取路径最后部分的名字
System.out.println(name);//build.txt
}
}
判断功能:
package com.zs.Demo2; import java.io.File; public class FileDemo4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
fun();
fun1();
} private static void fun1() {
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4");
boolean b = f.isDirectory();//判断是否为文件夹(路径)
System.out.println(b);//true
} private static void fun() {
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\\build.txt");
boolean b = f.exists();//判断文件(夹)是否存在
System.out.println(b);//true
}
}
遍历目录获取(list获取):
package com.zs.Demo2; import java.io.File; public class FileDemo5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// fun();
fun2();
} private static void fun() {
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4");
String[] list = f.list();//获取 目录下的文件以及文件夹
for (String s : list) {
System.out.println(s);
}
/* bin
build.txt
help
Install-Windows-zip.txt
ipr.reg
jre64
lib
license
plugins
product-info.json
redist*/
} private static void fun2() {
//同样的功能,推荐使用这种,因为这种功能更强大,可以实现更多后续操作
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4");
File[] files = f.listFiles();
for (File file : files) {
System.out.println(file);
}
/* D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\bin
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\build.txt
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\help
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\Install-Windows-zip.txt
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\ipr.reg
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\jre64
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\lib
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\license
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\plugins
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\product-info.json
D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\redist*/
}
}
文件过滤器:
package com.zs.Demo2; import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW; import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileFilter; public class FileDemo6 {
static class MyFile implements FileFilter {
@Override
public boolean accept(File pathname) {
return pathname.getName().endsWith(".exe");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
fun();
} private static void fun() {
File f= new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4\\bin");
File[] files = f.listFiles(new MyFile());
for (File file : files) {
System.out.println(file);
} }
}
递归遍历一个目录下的所有文件:
package com.zs.ZaoYe; import java.io.File; public class DiGui {
DiGui(){
File f=new File("D:\\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.4");
if (f.exists()){
binaryFile(f);
}else{
System.out.println("要遍历的目录不存在!!!");
}
} private void binaryFile(File f){
File[] files = f.listFiles();
for (File file : files) {
if (file.isDirectory()) {
binaryFile(file);
} else {
System.out.println(file);
}
}
} public static void main(String[] args) {
new DiGui();
}
}