AIDL跨进程通信

Android跨进程通信会用到AIDL，当然跨进程通信不一定要用AIDL，像广播也是可以的，当然这里用到AIDL相对比较安全一些；

AIDL允许传递基本数据类型（Java 的原生类型如int/long/char/boolean/double/float/String、CharSequence、List和Map、）、实现android.os.Parcelable 接口的对象类

两个实例来验证一下AIDL

1.创建一个提供AIDL服务的AIDL_Test_Server,新建AIDL接口IRemoteService，在接口中定义方法

package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server;

/**
*远程AIDL服务接口
**/
interface IRemoteService {

    /**
    *定义接口方法
    */
    int add(int a,int b);
}

2.在AIDL_Test_Server中创建服务

package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;

/**
 * Author:JsonLu
 * DateTime:2016/2/25 10:59
 * Email:[e-mail]
 * Desc:
 **/
public class RemoteService extends Service {

    private IBinder iBinder = new IRemoteService.Stub() {
        @Override
        public int add(int a, int b) throws RemoteException {
            return a + b;
        }
    };

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return iBinder;
    }
}

配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="cn.jsonlu.aidl.server">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <service
            android:name=".RemoteService"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.IRemoteService" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>
    </application>

</manifest>

3.创建一个使用AIDL服务的AIDL_Test_Client，将AIDL_Test_Server中的.aidl文件复制到AIDL_Test_Client中（接口包名必须一致）

package cn.jsonlu.aidl.client;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

import cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.IRemoteService;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private EditText a, b, c;
    private IRemoteService aidl;
    private boolean bindFlag = false;
    private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            aidl = IRemoteService.Stub.asInterface(service);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            aidl = null;
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        init();
        bindService();
    }

    private void init() {
        a = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.num_a);
        b = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.num_b);
        c = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.num_c);
    }

    public void onClick(View v) {
        if (!bindFlag) {
            bindService();
        } else {
            int sum = 0;
            try {
                sum = aidl.add(Integer.parseInt(a.getText().toString()), Integer.parseInt(b.getText().toString()));
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                System.out.println("AIDL错误");
            }
            c.setText(String.valueOf(sum));
        }
    }

    private void bindService() {

        Intent intent = new Intent(IRemoteService.class.getName());
        intent.setClassName("cn.jsonlu.aidl.server", "cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.RemoteService");
        bindFlag = bindService(intent, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        if (!bindFlag) {
            System.out.println("AIDL未绑定成功");
        }

        /*
        //打开其他APP页面
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
        ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("cn.jsonlu.aidl.server", "cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.MainActivity");
        intent.setComponent(cn);
        startActivity(intent);
        */

    }
}

4.AIDL传递对象需要实现Parcelable接口

新建Bean实体类

package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

/**
 * Author:JsonLu
 * DateTime:2016/2/25 13:33
 * Email:[e-mail]
 * Desc:
 **/
public class Person implements Parcelable {

    private int age;
    private String name;

    public Person(int age, String name) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    protected Person(Parcel in) {
        readFromParcel(in);
    }

    public static final Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {
        @Override
        public Person createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
            return new Person(in);
        }

        @Override
        public Person[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Person[size];
        }
    };

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeString(name);
        dest.writeInt(age);
    }

    //注意读取变量和写入变量的顺序应该一致 不然得不到正确的结果
    public void readFromParcel(Parcel source) {
        name = source.readString();
        age = source.readInt();
    }
}

新建Person.aidl文件

// Person.aidl
package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server;
parcelable Person;

修改IRemoteService.aidl文件

// IRemoteService.aidl
package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server;
import cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.Person;
// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IRemoteService {
    //计算两数的和
    int add(int a,int b);
    //传递对象
    Person getPerson();
}