安装环境：
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise
安装版本
下载链接：http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql5.7.7及以上做了很多改变，5.7.7以前安装方法和以前差不多，初始化也保留了mysql_install_db，5.7.7以后则去掉了该脚本，使用了-initialize 或者 --initialize-insecure 参数作为初始化。
mysql5.7.14版本初始化时候已经抛弃了defaults-file参数文件，所以在初始化时候指定配置文件会出错，同时必须保证datadir为空。
网上很多安装文章都没指定basedir和datadir，以及如何指定自己的配置文件进行多实例安装，本文将是完全个性化安装。
尊重原作，本文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/wlzjsj/article/details/52289482
一、初始化
先看看几个错误的初始化：
1.1 指定参数defaults-file
|
mysql-5.7.14#bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql_root/data/3307/my.cnf --initialize --datadir=/data/mysql_root/data/3307/my.cnf --basedir=/data/mysql_root/mysql-5.7.14 --user=mysql 2016-08-23T03:16:00.406283Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2016-08-23T03:16:00.406283Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2016-08-23T03:16:00.406283Z 0 [ERROR] unknown variable ‘defaults-file=/data/mysql_root/data/3307/my.cnf’ 2016-08-23T03:16:00.406283Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting |
提示未知参数
1.2 去掉该参数指定
|
/mysql-5.7.14# bin/mysqld --initialize --datadir=/data/mysql_root/data/3308/ --basedir=/data/mysql_root/mysql-5.7.14/ --user=mysql 2016-08-23T04:21:57.860613Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2016-08-23T04:21:57.861941Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting. 2016-08-23T04:21:57.861958Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting |
1.3 去掉所有参数指定
| mysql-5.7.14# bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql mysqld: Can't create directory '/usr/local/mysql/data/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory) 2016-08-23T03:16:00.406283Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2016-08-23T03:16:00.406382Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/usr/local/mysql/share/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive. 2016-08-23T03:16:00.407050Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting |
1.4 指定数据目录和basedir
| mysql-5.7.14# bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure--user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql_root/mysql-5.7.14 --datadir=/data/mysql_root/data/3307/ 2016-08-23T03:23:52.819389Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2016-08-23T03:23:52.931185Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2016-08-23T03:23:52.951819Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2016-08-23T03:23:53.005317Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 0446b9e5-68e1-11e6-9405-14187751620e. 2016-08-23T03:23:53.005801Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2016-08-23T03:23:53.006157Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option. |
初始化成功了。这里说明下，初始化参数我使用了--initialize-insecure，这样不会设置初始化root密码，如果是 --initialize的话，会随机生成一个密码：
2016-08-23T02:51:45.922520Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fhbsPu?G0PhU
尊重原作，本文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/wlzjsj/article/details/52289482
我们看下mysqld的帮助：
| /mysql-5.7.14# bin/mysqld --verbose --help | more ... bin/mysqld Ver 5.7.14 for linux-glibc2.5 on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server (GPL)) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Starts the MySQL database server. Usage: bin/mysqld [OPTIONS] Default options are read from the following files in the given order: /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf The following groups are read: mysqld server mysqld-5.7 The following options may be given as the first argument: --print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit. --no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file, except for login file. --defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #. --defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read. --defaults-group-suffix=# Also read groups with concat(group, suffix) --login-path=# Read this path from the login file. ... |
二、启动mysql实例
初始化完成后，就开始准备启动，启动还保持着原来的方式，可以使用mysqld_safe启动，所以参数基本差不多。
需要注意的是mysql5.7开始很多参数已经做了调整，配置文件中调整过的参数不能再使用，否则启动会报错。
启动错误：
| bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data1/mysql_root/data/3306/my.cnf --basedir=/data1/mysql_root/mysql-5.6.29 --datadir=/data1/mysql_root/data/3306/ --user=mysql 2016-08-23T03:27:56.348529Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 160823 11:27:56 2016-08-23T03:27:56.348614Z 0 [ERROR] unknown variable 'tmp_table_open_size=500M' 2016-08-23T03:27:56.348623Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting =========================================== 2016-08-23T03:19:24.599885Z 0 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. 2016-08-23T03:19:24.600007Z 0 [ERROR] unknown variable 'thread_concurrency=4' 2016-08-23T03:19:24.600014Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting ..... |
去掉这些错误后，使用
| bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data1/mysql_root/data/3306/my.cnf --basedir=/data1/mysql_root/mysql-5.6.29 --datadir=/data1/mysql_root/data/3306/ --user=mysql & |
启动即可。
三、登录
初始化时候使用的--initialize-insecure参数，不会随机生成密码，登录和原来一样。
| mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
可以看到比原来多了个sys库。
尊重原作，本文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/wlzjsj/article/details/52289482
mysql5.7有做较多的改变和更新，后续有文章再继续写5.7的其它细节。