文件名称:配置静态路由-网络故障应急处理-路由器的配置及管理
文件大小:4.24MB
文件格式:PPT
更新时间:2024-05-15 19:43:44
网络故障 路由器 配置 管理
配置静态路由 Defines a path to an IP destination network or subnet ip route network [ mask ] { address | interface } [ distance ] Router (config) # 静态路由被用于边界路由器上以向isp的路由器发送所有流向internet的数据流,用来将所有的流量发到指定目的地的静态路由有时也被称为缺省路由,然后由isp的路由器负责将数据包转发到正确的目的地。 优点: 边界路由器就不必动态的交换路由信息,因而就不会泄漏内部网络的拓扑结构信息。 不需交换路由信息,减轻cpu负荷,节省带宽。 缺点: 数据电路发生故障和网络拓扑改变后不能进行自适应调整; 在大型网络中一旦调整网络,维护非常困难,尤其要求网络管理员对网络的拓扑要非常熟悉 在全局配置模式下,利用ip route 命令可以配置静态路由,告诉路由器将流向某一网络的数据包发到下一跳的isp路由器地址(推荐方式)、路由表中数据包应该被转发到的另一个路由的网络地址(用于当我们拥有到isp的多条冗余路径的情况),或者路径中下一个路由器的具体ip地址(不推荐使用,因为ip地址需要被解析称接口的数据链路层 地址)。 The ip route command sets up a static route. ip route Command Description network Destination network or subnet. mask Subnet mask. address IP address of next-hop router. interface Name of interface to use to get to destination network. distance The administrative distance. The administrative distance is a rating of the trustworthiness of a routing information source expressed as a numeric value from 0 to 255. The higher the number, the lower the trustworthiness rating. A static route allows manual configuration of the routing table. No dynamic changes to this table entry will occur as long as the path is active. A static route may reflect some special knowledge of the networking situation known to the network administrator. Manually entered administrative distance values for static routes are usually low numbers. Routing updates are not sent on a link if only defined by a static route, thereby conserving bandwidth.