文件名称：Energy-Energy-Efficient VCSELs for Optical Interconnects 2016.pdf
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VCSEL
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 VCSEL 垂直腔面发射激光器 Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser The present Ph.D. thesis represents the first systematic investigation of the dynamic energy efficiency of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for optical interconnects. A systematic study of the static and dynamic properties of GaAs-based VCSELs emitting at 850 and 980 nm is used to derive general rules for achieving energy-efficient data transmission with VCSELS. These rules are applicable to all oxide-confined VCSELs at any wavelength and are verified in data transmission experiments demonstrating error-free transmission at 25 Gbit/s using only 56 fJ/bit, currently a world record. This value is a factor of two below the request of the ITRS road map for 2015. Energy efficient operation is demonstrated for distances of up to 1000 m, at elevated temperatures up to 85 °C, and at higher rates of 40 Gbit/s. Long transmission distances will be needed in next generation data centers as they continue to increase in size. Stable operation at high temperatures, which occur regularly inside computers, eliminates the need for active cooling, additionally reduces power consumption, and thus again increases energy efficiency. Reading this thesis is a must for all scientists and engineers interested in information technologies and concerned about finding superior technical solutions that are both economic and ecological. Berlin, Germany Prof. Dieter Bimberg June 2015