一.前言项目中使用到比较多的关于Excel的前端上传与下载，整理出来，以便后续使用或分析他人。
1.前端vue:模板下载与导入Excel
导入Excel封装了子组件，点击导入按钮可调用子组件，打开文件上传的对话框，上传成功后返回结果
<el-col style="padding: 10px 0 20px;">
<el-button
class="pull-right"
icon="el-icon-upload"
type="primary"
size="mini"
@click="importFile()"
>批量导入</el-button>
<el-button
class="pull-right right-10"
icon="el-icon-download"
type="primary"
size="mini"
@click="downloadFile('档案模板')"
>模板下载</el-button>
<el-button
size="mini"
type="primary"
icon="el-icon-plus"
class="pull-right"
@click="addRow"
>新增</el-button>
<div class="pull-right">
<el-input
placeholder="请输入编码,名称"
prefix-icon="el-icon-search"
v-model="FinQueryParams.archiveFilter"
size="mini"
></el-input>
</div>
</el-col>
<!-- 批量导入Dialog开始 -->
<uploadTemp
:apiURL="fileUploadUrl"
ref="refFileUpload"
:Refresh="Refresh"
:OtherParams="{brandId: QueryParams.BrandID}"
></uploadTemp>
<!-- 批量导入Dialog结束 -->
importFile() {
this.$refs.refFileUpload.open();
}
向后台提交文件的方法
submitFile() {
const _this = this;
if (!_this.files.name) {
_this.$message.warning("请选择要上传的文件！");
return false;
}
let fileFormData = new FormData();
//filename是键，file是值，就是要传的文件
fileFormData.append("file", _this.files, _this.files.name);
if(_this.OtherParams){
const keys=Object.keys(_this.OtherParams);
keys.forEach(e=>{
fileFormData.append(e, _this.OtherParams[e]);
})
}
let requestConfig = {
headers: {
"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data"
}
};
AjaxHelper.post(_this.apiURL, fileFormData, requestConfig)
.then(res => {
console.log(res);
if (res.success) {
const result = res.result;
if (result.errorCount == && result.successCount > ) {
_this.$message({
message: `导入成功,成功${result.successCount}条`,
type: "success"
});
_this.closeFileUpload();
_this.Refresh();
} else if (result.errorCount > && result.successCount >= ) {
_this.Refresh();
_this.tableData = result.uploadErrors;
_this.successCount = result.successCount;
_this.innerVisible = true;
} else if (result.errorCount == && result.successCount == ) {
_this.$message({
message: `上传文件中数据为空`,
type: "error"
});
}
}
})
.catch(function(error) {
console.log(error);
});
},
这是上传文件的调用方法。
2.模板下载
关于模板下载，之前没有考虑到IE10浏览器的兼容问题，导致在IE10下文件没法下载，后来百度后找到了解决办法。
downloadFile(name) {
let requestConfig = {
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json;application/octet-stream"
}
};
AjaxHelper.post(this.downLoadUrl, requestConfig, {
responseType: "blob"
}).then(res => {
// 处理返回的文件流
const content = res.data;
const blob = new Blob([content]);
var date =
new Date().getFullYear() +
"" +
(new Date().getMonth() + 1) +
"" +
new Date().getDate();
const fileName = date + name + ".xlsx";
if ("download" in document.createElement("a")) {
// 非IE下载
const elink = document.createElement("a");
elink.download = fileName;
elink.style.display = "none";
elink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
document.body.appendChild(elink);
elink.click();
URL.revokeObjectURL(elink.href); // 释放URL 对象
document.body.removeChild(elink);
} else {
// IE10+下载
navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
}
});
},
前端的处理就结束了。
3.后端对于文件上传和下载的处理
文件上传
public UploadResult UploadFiles(IFormFile file, Guid brandId)
{
try
{
UploadResult uploadResult = new UploadResult();
if (file == null)
{
throw new UserFriendlyException(, "上传的文件为空，请重新上传");
}
string filename = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName);
string fileEx = Path.GetExtension(filename);//获取上传文件的扩展名
string NoFileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filename);//获取无扩展名的文件名
string FileType = ".xls,.xlsx";//定义上传文件的类型字符串
if (!FileType.Contains(fileEx))
{
throw new UserFriendlyException(, "无效的文件类型，只支持.xls和.xlsx文件");
}
//源数据
MemoryStream msSource = new MemoryStream();
file.CopyTo(msSource);
msSource.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin);
DataTable sourceExcel = ReadStreamToDataTable(msSource, "", true); //模板数据
string dataDir = _hosting.WebRootPath;//获得当前服务器程序的运行目录
dataDir = Path.Combine(dataDir, "ExcelTemplate");
var path = dataDir + "//档案模版.xlsx";
MemoryStream msModel = new MemoryStream();
FileStream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open);
stream.CopyTo(msModel);
msModel.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin);
DataTable templateExcel = ReadStreamToDataTable(stream, "", true);
//验证是否同模板相同
string columnName = templateExcel.Columns[].ColumnName;
if (columnName != sourceExcel.Columns[].ColumnName)
{
throw new UserFriendlyException(, "上传的模板文件不正确");
}
int sucessCount = ;
int errorCount = ;
// 处理后台逻辑 执行 插入操作 uploadResult.SuccessCount = sucessCount;
uploadResult.ErrorCount = errorCount;
uploadResult.uploadErrors = errorList;
return uploadResult;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new UserFriendlyException(, "上传的模板文件不正确");
}
}
将文件流转化为Datable
public static DataTable ReadStreamToDataTable(Stream fileStream, string sheetName = null, bool isFirstRowColumn = true)
{
//定义要返回的datatable对象
DataTable data = new DataTable();
//excel工作表
ISheet sheet = null;
//数据开始行(排除标题行)
int startRow = ;
try
{
//根据文件流创建excel数据结构,NPOI的工厂类WorkbookFactory会自动识别excel版本，创建出不同的excel数据结构
IWorkbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.Create(fileStream);
//如果有指定工作表名称
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
//如果没有找到指定的sheetName对应的sheet，则尝试获取第一个sheet
if (sheet == null)
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt();
}
}
else
{
//如果没有指定的sheetName，则尝试获取第一个sheet
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt();
}
if (sheet != null)
{
IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow();
//一行最后一个cell的编号 即总的列数
int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum;
//如果第一行是标题列名
if (isFirstRowColumn)
{
for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i)
{
ICell cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);
if (cell != null)
{
string cellValue = cell.StringCellValue;
if (cellValue != null)
{
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(cellValue);
data.Columns.Add(column);
}
}
}
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum + ;
}
else
{
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum;
}
//最后一列的标号
int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
if (row == null || row.FirstCellNum < ) continue; //没有数据的行默认是null DataRow dataRow = data.NewRow();
for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j)
{
//同理，没有数据的单元格都默认是null
ICell cell = row.GetCell(j);
if (cell != null)
{
if (cell.CellType == CellType.Numeric)
{
//判断是否日期类型
if (DateUtil.IsCellDateFormatted(cell))
{
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).DateCellValue;
}
else
{
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString().Trim();
}
}
else
{
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString().Trim();
}
}
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}
return data;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
} }
文件下载比较简单
public async Task<FileStreamResult> DownloadFiles()
{
string dataDir = _hosting.WebRootPath;//获得当前服务器程序的运行目录
dataDir = Path.Combine(dataDir, "ExcelTemplate");
var path = dataDir + "//档案模版.xlsx";
var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
using (var stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open))
{
await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream);
}
memoryStream.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin);
return new FileStreamResult(memoryStream, "application/octet-stream");//文件流方式，指定文件流对应的ContenType。
}
文件上传结果通知类
public class UploadResult
{
public int RepeatCount { get; set; }
public int SuccessCount { get; set; }
public int FileRepeatCount { get; set; }
public int ErrorCount { get; set; } public List<UploadErrorDto> uploadErrors { get; set; }
}
public class UploadErrorDto
{
public string RowIndex { get; set; }
public string ErrorCol { get; set; }
public string ErrorData { get; set; }
}
通过以上处理后，我们就可以在前端实现文件的上传了，若上传失败则会返回失败结果
以上就是整个前后端关于文件上传与下载的实现，想通过日常记录这种方式，来帮助自己更好的掌握基础，稳固自己的技能