使用其他文件中的行号从文本文件中删除行

I have a text file containing a giant list of line numbers which I have to remove from another main file. Here's what my data looks like

我有一个文本文件,其中包含一个巨大的行号列表,我必须从另一个主文件中删除。这是我的数据的样子

lines.txt

and documents.txt

string1
string2
string3
...

If I had a short list of line numbers I could've easily used

如果我有一个简短的行号列表,我可以很容易地使用

sed -i '1d,4d,5d' documents.txt.

sed -i'1d,4d,5d'documents.txt。

But there are lots of lots of line number that I have to delete. Also, I could use bash/perl script to store the line numbers in an array and echo the lines which are not in the array. But I was wondering if there is a built in command to do just that.

但是我必须删除很多行号。此外,我可以使用bash / perl脚本将行号存储在数组中,并回显不在数组中的行。但我想知道是否有内置命令来做到这一点。

Any help would be highly appreciated.

任何帮助将受到高度赞赏。

5 个解决方案

#1

awk oneliner should work for you, see test below:

awk oneliner应该适合你,见下面的测试:

kent$  head lines.txt doc.txt 
==> lines.txt <==
1
3
5
7

==> doc.txt <==
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h

kent$  awk 'NR==FNR{l[$0];next;} !(FNR in l)' lines.txt doc.txt
b
d
f
h

as Levon suggested, I add some explanation:

正如Levon所说,我补充一些解释:

awk                     # the awk command
 'NR==FNR{l[$0];next;}  # process the first file(lines.txt),save each line(the line# you want to delete) into an array "l"

 !(FNR in l)'           #now come to the 2nd file(doc.txt), if line number not in "l",print the line out
 lines.txt              # 1st argument, file:lines.txt
 docs.txt               # 2nd argument, file:doc.txt

#2

Well, I speak no Perl and bash I develop painful trial after trial after trial. However, Rexx would do this easily;

嗯,我说的不是Perl和bash我在试用后的试验后开发了痛苦的试验。但是,Rexx很容易做到这一点;

lines_to_delete = ""

do while lines( "lines.txt" )
   lines_to_delete = lines_to_delete linein( "lines.txt" )
end

n = 0
do while lines( "documents.txt" )
   line = linein( "documents.txt" )
   n = n + 1
   if ( wordpos( n, lines_to_delete ) == 0 )
      call lineout "temp_out,txt", line
end

This will leave your output in temp_out.txt which you may rename to documents.txt as desired.

这将使您的输出保留在temp_out.txt中,您可以根据需要将其重命名为documents.txt。

#3

Here's a way to do it with sed:

这是用sed做的一种方法:

sed ':a;${s/\n//g;s/^/sed \o47/;s/$/d\o47 documents.txt/;b};s/$/d\;/;N;ba' lines.txt | sh

It uses sed to build a sed command and pipes it to the shell to be executed. The resulting sed command simply looks like `sed '3d;5d;11d' documents.txt.

它使用sed构建一个sed命令并将其传递给要执行的shell。生成的sed命令看起来像`sed'3d; 5d; 11d'procuments.txt。

To build it the outer sed command adds a d; after each number, loops to the next line, branching back to the beginning (N; ba). When the last line is reached ($), all the newlines are removed, sed ' is prepended and the final d and ' documents.txt are appended. Then b branches out of the :a - ba loop to the end since no label is specified.

要构建它,外部sed命令会添加一个d;在每个数字之后,循环到下一行,分支回到开头(N; ba)。当到达最后一行($)时,将删除所有换行符,并添加sed'并附加最后的d和'documents.txt。然后b分支出:a - ba循环到结尾,因为没有指定标签。

Here's how you can do it using join and cat -n (assuming that lines.txt is sorted):

以下是使用join和cat -n(假设lines.txt已排序)的方法:

join -t $'\v' -v 2 -o 2.2 lines.txt <(cat -n documents.txt | sed 's/^ *//;s/\t/\v/')

If lines.txt isn't sorted:

如果lines.txt没有排序:

join -t $'\v' -v 2 -o 2.2 <(sort lines.txt) <(cat -n documents.txt | sed '^s/ *//;s/\t/\v/')

Edit:

Fixed a bug in the join commands in which the original versions only output the first word of each line in documents.txt.

修复了join命令中的一个错误,其中原始版本只输出documents.txt中每行的第一个单词。

#4

This might work for you (GNU sed):

这可能适合你(GNU sed):

sed 's/.*/&d/' lines.txt | sed -i -f - documents.txt

or:

sed ':a;$!{N;ba};s/\n/d;/g;s/^/sed -i '\''/;s/$/d'\'' documents.txt/' lines.txt | sh

#5

I asked a similar question on Unix SE and got wonderful answers, among them the following awk script:

我在Unix SE上问了一个类似的问题,得到了很好的答案,其中包括以下awk脚本:

#!/bin/bash
#
# filterline keeps a subset of lines of a file.
#
# cf. https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/209404/376
#
set -eu -o pipefail

if [ "$#" -ne 2 ]; then
    echo "Usage: filterline FILE1 FILE2"
    echo
    echo "FILE1: one integer per line indicating line number, one-based, sorted"
    echo "FILE2: input file to filter"
    exit 1
fi

LIST="$1" LC_ALL=C awk '
  function nextline() {
    if ((getline n < list) <=0) exit
  }
  BEGIN{
    list = ENVIRON["LIST"]
    nextline()
  }
  NR == n {
    print
    nextline()
  }' < "$2"

And another C version, which is a bit more performant:

另一个C版本,性能更高一些:

https://github.com/miku/filterline

#1