mysql多实例的安装和管理(一台服务器上运行两个mysql实例)

时间：2021-08-20 17:59:55

mysql的多实例有两种方式可以实现，两种方式各有利弊。
第一种是使用多个配置文件启动不同的进程来实现多实例，这种方式的优势逻辑简单，配置简单，缺点是管理起来不太方便。
第二种是通过官方自带的mysqld_multi使用单独的配置文件来实现多实例，这种方式定制每个实例的配置不太方面，优点是管理起来很方便，集中管理。
下面就分别来实战这两种多实例的安装和管理

先来学习第一种使用多个配置文件启动多个不同进程的情况：

环境介绍：

mysql 版本：5.1.50
操作系统：SUSE 11
mysql实例数：3个
实例占用端口分别为：3306、3307、3308

创建mysql用户

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

编译安装mysql

tar xzvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.50
./configure '--prefix=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-charset=utf8' '--with-extra-charsets=complex' '--with-pthread' '--enable-thread-safe-client' '--with-ssl' '--with-client-ldflags=-all-static' '--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static' '--with-plugins=partition,innobase,blackhole,myisam,innodb_plugin,heap,archive' '--enable-shared' '--enable-assembler'
make
make install

初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3306 --user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3307 --user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3308 --user=mysql

创建配置文件

vim /data/dbdata_3306/my.cnf
3306的配置文件如下

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/dbdata_3306/
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
port = 3306
socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock
back_log = 50
max_connections = 300
max_connect_errors = 1000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
default-storage-engine = innodb
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 1
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 256M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192

vim /data/dbdata_3307/my.cnf
3307的配置文件如下：

[client]
port = 3307
socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/dbdata_3307/
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
port = 3307
socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock
back_log = 50
max_connections = 300
max_connect_errors = 1000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
default-storage-engine = innodb
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 1
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 256M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192

vim /data/dbdata_3308/my.cnf
3308的配置文件如下：

[client]
port = 3308
socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/dbdata_3308/
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
port = 3308
socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
back_log = 50
max_connections = 300
max_connect_errors = 1000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
default-storage-engine = innodb
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 1
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 256M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192

创建自动启动文件

vim /data/dbdata_3306/mysqld
3306的启动文件如下：

#!/bin/bash
mysql_port=3306
mysql_username="admin"
mysql_password="password"
function_start_mysql()
{
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
/bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql;;
kill)
function_kill_mysql;;
restart)
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql;;
*)
echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";;
esac

vim /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld
3307的启动文件如下：

#!/bin/bash
mysql_port=3307
mysql_username="admin"
mysql_password="password"
function_start_mysql()
{
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
/bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql;;
kill)
function_kill_mysql;;
restart)
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql;;
*)
echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";;
esac

vim /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld
3308的启动文件如下：

#!/bin/bash
mysql_port=3308
mysql_username="admin"
mysql_password="password"
function_start_mysql()
{
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
/bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql;;
kill)
function_kill_mysql;;
restart)
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql;;
*)
echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";;
esac

启动3306、3307、3308的mysql

/data/dbdata_3306/mysqld start
/data/dbdata_3307/mysqld start
/data/dbdata_3308/mysqld start

更改原来密码（处于安全考虑，还需要删除系统中没有密码的帐号，这里省略了）：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

登录测试并创建关闭mysql的帐号权限

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
flush privileges;
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
flush privileges;
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
flush privileges;

创建了admin帐号以后脚本的stop功能和restart功能就正常了！

更改环境变量

vim /etc/profile 添加下面一行内容
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
source /etc/profile

添加到自动启动

vim /etc/init.d/boot.local
/data/dbdata_3306/mysqld start
/data/dbdata_3307/mysqld start
/data/dbdata_3308/mysqld start

如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local

管理的话，在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock，如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别！

再来看第二种通过官方自带的mysqld_multi来实现多实例实战：

这里的mysql安装以及数据库的初始化和前面的步骤一样，就不再赘述。
值得注意的是高版本的mysql
初始化的命令不一样(mysql_install_db)位置

[root@www scripts]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/var –user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables…
OK
Filling help tables…
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h www password ‘new-password’

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

mysqld_multi的配置

【再次注意这里你如果已经安装过mysql 3306的请停止掉，不要开机启动 下面这个配置是全部走的mysql_multi 直接改的my.cnf】
结尾我会补充如果在已经安装过的mysql 3306上，额外加一个3307或者3308实例

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = admin
password = password
[mysqld1]
socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /data/dbdata_3306/3306.pid
datadir = /data/dbdata_3306
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
back_log = 50
max_connections = 300
max_connect_errors = 1000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
default-storage-engine = innodb
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 1
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
[mysqld2]
socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock
port = 3307
pid-file = /data/dbdata_3307/3307.pid
datadir = /data/dbdata_3307
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
back_log = 50
max_connections = 300
max_connect_errors = 1000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
default-storage-engine = innodb
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 1
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
[mysqld3]
socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
port = 3308
pid-file = /data/dbdata_3308/3308.pid
datadir = /data/dbdata_3308
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
back_log = 50
max_connections = 300
max_connect_errors = 1000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
default-storage-engine = innodb
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 1
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 256M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192

mysqld_multi启动

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 2 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3

可能会报错
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1
WARNING: my_print_defaults command not found.
Please make sure you have this command available and
in your path. The command is available from the latest
MySQL distribution.
ABORT: Can’t find command ‘my_print_defaults’.
This command is available from the latest MySQL
distribution. Please make sure you have the command
in your PATH.
把环境变量加入到PATH中去
/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@www ~]# source /etc/profile

或者采用一条命令的形式：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1-3

更改原来密码（处于安全考虑，还需要删除系统中没有密码的帐号，这里省略了）：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

登录测试并创建admin密码(停止mysql的时候需要使用到)

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
flush privileges;
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
flush privileges;
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
flush privileges;

更改环境变量

vim /etc/profile
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
source /etc/profile

添加到开机启动

vim /etc/init.d/boot.local
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1-3

如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local

管理的话，在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock，如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别！
大家在管理多实例的话可以使用mysqlmanager实例管理器，管理器来会比较方面，限于篇幅，这里就不在多做介绍！

【转自飞雪无痕的博客http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-3438560.html】

现在我来补充如果在已经安装过的mysql 3306上，额外加一个3307或者3308实例 

[root@www etc]# vim /etc/my_multi.cnf
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = root
password = root
[mysqld1]
port            = 3307
socket          = /tmp/mysql3307/mysql.sock
datadir = /usr/local/mysql3307/var
pid-file = /tmp/mysql3307/mysql3307.pid
user = mysql
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
max_connections = 1000
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3307/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3307/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50


[mysqld2]
port            = 3308
socket          = /tmp/mysql3308/mysql.sock
datadir = /usr/local/mysql3308/var
pid-file = /tmp/mysql3308/mysql3308.pid
user = mysql
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
max_connections = 1000
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3308/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql3308/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

expire_logs_days = 10

[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/var --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h www password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
#同理3308也这样操作

#把/usr/local/mysql/bin 加入环境变量
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/profile
#加上下面的这行
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf start 1
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf start 2

#这里的1 和2就是你在my_multi.cnf 写的[mysql1] [mysql2]
[root@www ~]# netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:21                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1550/pure-ftpd (SER 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1073/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1017/cupsd          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1533/sendmail       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      18242/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3307                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      22666/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:11211             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1566/memcached      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6379              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1513/redis-server 1 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3308                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      23394/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      6094/nginx          
tcp        0      0 :::21                       :::*                        LISTEN      1550/pure-ftpd (SER 
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      1073/sshd           
tcp        0      0 ::1:631                     :::*                        LISTEN      1017/cupsd          
[root@www ~]# 
# 可以看到3307 和3308 端口已经起来了

#下面修改他们的root密码
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'root' -S /tmp/mysql3307/mysql.sock
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'root' -S /tmp/mysql3308/mysql.sock

#登录一下了
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3307/mysql.sock
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.42-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
#可以看到是正常的 同理3308也如此

#下面就是加入到开机启动 最简单的办法
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/rc.local
#加上下面的这行
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my_multi.cnf start 1-2
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