【云计算】ubuntu下docker安装配置指南

时间:2021-10-12 11:10:24
  1. Docker Engine安装配置

以下描述仅Docker在Ubuntu Precise 12.04 (LTS)、Ubuntu Trusty 14.04 (LTS)、Ubuntu Wily 15.10上的安装配置过程。其他类型的操作系统,请参考Docker官网:https://docs.docker.com/

  1. 内核升级

Docker要求Linux内核至少在3.10以上。查看系统内核版本:

# uname -r

3.16.0-30-generic

如果不满足,需要升级系统内核。系统版本不同,升级方式、升级内容有差异。查看操作系统版本:

# cat /etc/issue

Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS \n \l

升级步骤:

  • Ubuntu Precise 12.04 (LTS)

# sudo apt-get update

# sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-lts-trusty -y

# sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic-lts-trusty -y

# sudo reboot

# uname -r

  • Ubuntu Trusty 14.04 (LTS)、Ubuntu Wily 15.10

# sudo apt-get update

# sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-$(uname -r) -y

# sudo apt-get install apparmor -y

# sudo reboot

# uname -r

  1. 更新apt源

# sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates -y

# sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D

  • Ubuntu Precise 12.04 (LTS)

# sudo bash -c "echo deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-precise main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"

  • Ubuntu Trusty 14.04 (LTS)

# sudo bash -c "echo deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-trusty main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"

  • Ubuntu Wily 15.10

# sudo bash -c "echo deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-wily main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"

开始更新:

# sudo apt-get update

如果安装过旧版本,卸载:

# sudo apt-get purge lxc-docker

  1. 安装Docker Engine

# sudo apt-get install docker-engine

# sudo service docker start

验证:

# sudo docker run hello-world

This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints an informational message. Then, it exits.

  1. 其他配置

1.4.1、打开memory、swap计量开关

编辑 /etc/default/grub 文件,

设置 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 如下:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1"

保存关闭,更新GRUB,重启生效:

# sudo update-grub

# sudo reboot

1.4.2、配置添加DNS(临时DNS,后续IP可能变化)

编辑 vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head 文件,添加nameserver如下:

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)

# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN

nameserver 10.5.24.31

执行如下命令:

# resolvconf -u

检查 /etc/resolv.conf 文件是否更新:

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)

# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN

nameserver 10.5.24.31

nameserver 10.7.7.1

nameserver 8.8.8.8

search lab.intra.nsfocus.com

编辑 /etc/default/docker 文件,修改Docker启动参数,添加DNS:

DOCKER_OPTS="--dns 8.8.8.8 --dns 10.5.24.31

重启Docker进程:

# sudo restart docker

1.4.3、配置Docker开机自启

  • Ubuntu Trusty 14.04 (LTS)、Ubuntu Precise 12.04 (LTS)——默认开机自启
  • Ubuntu Wily 15.10

# sudo systemctl enable docker

1.4.4、配置添加insecure-registry(临时registry,后续地址可能变化)

编辑 /etc/default/docker 文件,修改Docker启动参数,添加insecure-registry:

DOCKER_OPTS="--dns 8.8.8.8 --dns 10.5.24.31 --insecure-registry=10.5.24.46:80"

重启Docker进程:

# sudo restart docker

验证是否生效:

# docker run -it 10.5.24.46:80/docker/ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash -c 'echo helloworld'

1.5、Ubuntu安装配置官方文档

参考资料:https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/ubuntulinux/