以前导出总是用POI导出为Excel文件，后来当我了解到CSV以后，我发现速度飞快。
如果导出的数据不要求格式、样式、公式等等，建议最好导成CSV文件，因为真的很快。
虽然我们可以用Java再带的文件相关的类去操作以生成一个CSV文件，但事实上有好多第三方类库也提供了类似的功能。
这里我们使用apache提供的commons-csv组件
Commons CSV
文档在这里
http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-csv/
http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-csv/user-guide.html
先看一下具体用法
@Test
public void testWrite() throws Exception {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:/cjsworkspace/cjs-excel-demo/target/abc.csv");
OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(fos, "GBK"); CSVFormat csvFormat = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withHeader("姓名", "年龄", "家乡");
CSVPrinter csvPrinter = new CSVPrinter(osw, csvFormat); // csvPrinter = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withHeader("姓名", "年龄", "家乡").print(osw); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
csvPrinter.printRecord("张三", 20, "湖北");
} csvPrinter.flush();
csvPrinter.close(); } @Test
public void testRead() throws IOException {
InputStream is = new FileInputStream("E:/cjsworkspace/cjs-excel-demo/target/abc.csv");
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "GBK");
Reader reader = new BufferedReader(isr); CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader("name", "age", "jia").parse(reader);
// CSVParser csvParser = CSVParser.parse(reader, CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withHeader("name", "age", "jia"));
List<CSVRecord> list = parser.getRecords();
for (CSVRecord record : list) {
System.out.println(record.getRecordNumber()
+ ":" + record.get("name")
+ ":" + record.get("age")
+ ":" + record.get("jia"));
} parser.close();
} /**
* Parsing an Excel CSV File
*/
@Test
public void testParse() throws Exception {
Reader reader = new FileReader("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/abc.csv");
CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.EXCEL.parse(reader);
for (CSVRecord record : parser.getRecords()) {
System.out.println(record);
}
parser.close();
} /**
* Defining a header manually
*/
@Test
public void testParseWithHeader() throws Exception {
Reader reader = new FileReader("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/abc.csv");
CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader("id", "name", "code").parse(reader);
for (CSVRecord record : parser.getRecords()) {
System.out.println(record.get("id") + ","
+ record.get("name") + ","
+ record.get("code"));
}
parser.close();
} /**
* Using an enum to define a header
*/
enum MyHeaderEnum {
ID, NAME, CODE;
} @Test
public void testParseWithEnum() throws Exception {
Reader reader = new FileReader("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/abc.csv");
CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader(MyHeaderEnum.class).parse(reader);
for (CSVRecord record : parser.getRecords()) {
System.out.println(record.get(MyHeaderEnum.ID) + ","
+ record.get(MyHeaderEnum.NAME) + ","
+ record.get(MyHeaderEnum.CODE));
}
parser.close();
} private List<Map<String, String>> recordList = new ArrayList<>(); @Before
public void init() {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("name", "zhangsan");
map.put("code", "001");
recordList.add(map);
}
} @Test
public void writeMuti() throws InterruptedException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
CountDownLatch doneSignal = new CountDownLatch(2); executorService.submit(new exprotThread("E:/0.csv", recordList, doneSignal));
executorService.submit(new exprotThread("E:/1.csv", recordList, doneSignal)); doneSignal.await();
System.out.println("Finish!!!");
} class exprotThread implements Runnable { private String filename;
private List<Map<String, String>> list;
private CountDownLatch countDownLatch; public exprotThread(String filename, List<Map<String, String>> list, CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
this.filename = filename;
this.list = list;
this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
} @Override
public void run() {
try {
CSVPrinter printer = new CSVPrinter(new FileWriter(filename), CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader("NAME", "CODE"));
for (Map<String, String> map : list) {
printer.printRecord(map.values());
}
printer.close();
countDownLatch.countDown();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
CSV与EXCEL
/**
* 测试写100万数据需要花费多长时间
*/
@Test
public void testMillion() throws Exception {
int times = 10000 * 10;
Object[] cells = {"满100减15元", "100011", 15}; // 导出为CSV文件
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("G:/test1.csv");
CSVPrinter printer = CSVFormat.EXCEL.print(writer);
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
printer.printRecord(cells);
}
printer.flush();
printer.close();
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("CSV: " + (t2 - t1)); // 导出为Excel文件
long t3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i);
for (int j = 0; j < cells.length; j++) {
XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(j);
cell.setCellValue(String.valueOf(cells[j]));
}
}
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("G:/test2.xlsx");
workbook.write(fos);
fos.flush();
fos.close();
long t4 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Excel: " + (t4 - t3));
}
Maven依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-csv</artifactId>
<version>1.5</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
最后，刚才的例子中只写了3个字段，100万行，生成的CSV文件有十几二十兆，太多的话建议分多个文件打包下周，不然想象一个打开一个几百兆的excel都费劲。