python web自动化测试中失败截图方法汇总

时间:2021-11-02 14:58:36

在使用web自动化测试中,用例失败则自动截图的网上也有,但实际能落地的却没看到,现总结在在实际应用中失败截图的几种方法:

一、使用unittest框架截图方法:

  1、在tearDown中写入截图的功能,如下:

import sys
class SeleniumTest(unittest2.TestCase):
... def tearDown(self):
if sys.exc_info()[0]:
test_method_name = self._testMethodName
self.driver.save_screenshot("Screenshots/%s.png" % test_method_name)
super(SeleniumTest, self).tearDown()

注意,self._testMethodName是unittest特有的,在其它框架中不使用

在测试中,如果用例失败,就会自动以对应的测试函数名为文件名截图存储

2、自定义函数,重写unittest中的run方法:

class ScreenShotUtil:
"Screenshot Utility Class" @staticmethod
def take_screenshot(webdriver, file_name="error.png"):
"""
@param webdriver: WebDriver.
@type webdriver: WebDriver
@param file_name: Name to label this screenshot.
@type file_name: str
"""
if isinstance(webdriver, remote.webdriver.WebDriver):
# Get Screenshot over the wire as base64
base64_data = webdriver.get_screenshot_as_base64()
screenshot_data = base64.decodestring(base64_data)
screenshot_file = open(filename, "w")
screenshot_file.write(screenshot_data)
screenshot_file.close()
else:
webdriver.save_screenshot(filename)

在引中unittest时,重写run方法:

...
class ScreenCaptureTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
...
# Defining an init method so we can pass it a webdriver.
def __init__(self, methodName='runTest', webdriver=None, screenshot_util=None):
super(WDBaseTest, self).__init__(methodName) if webdriver_provider == None:
self._webdriver = WebDriverSingleton.get_instance()
else:
self._webdriver = webdriver if screenshot_util == None:
self._screenshot_util = WebScreenShotUtil
else:
self._screenshot_util = screenshot_util
...
def run(self, result=None):
"""
这里重写run方法
"""
orig_result = result
if result is None:
result = self.defaultTestResult()
startTestRun = getattr(result, 'startTestRun', None)
if startTestRun is not None:
startTestRun()
... more pyunit code ...
except self.failureException:
# Insert our Take Screenshot on test failure code.
fname = str(self).replace("(", "").replace(")", "").replace(" ", "_")
fmt='%y-%m-%d_%H.%M.%S_.PNG'
filename = datetime.datetime.now().strftime(fmt)
self._screenshot_util.take_screenshot(self._webdriver, filename)
result.addFailure(self, sys.exc_info())
... more pyunit code...
except:
# Do the same thing again for errors.
fname = str(self).replace("(", "").replace(")", "").replace(" ", "_")
fmt='%y-%m-%d_%H.%M.%S_.PNG'
filename = datetime.datetime.now().strftime(fmt)
self._screenshot_util.take_screenshot(self._webdriver, filename)
result.addError(self, sys.exc_info()) ...

完成后,测试时,失败则会已时间来截图,当然你也可以将filename按你喜好定义

二、nose框架失败截图

nose框架是unittest的优化,在实际使用中可以继承unittest.TestCase的方法后继续使用中的方法1,如果没导入unittest.TestCase时,也可以使用方法1,但要作小改动,如下:

1、tearDown写截图

class SeleniumTest(unittest2.TestCase):
... def tearDown(self):
if sys.exc_info()[0]:
test_method_name = test_names = [n for n in dir(self) if n.startswith('test_')][0] #注意了,这里与unittest的不一样
self.driver.save_screenshot("Screenshots/%s.png" % test_method_name)
super(SeleniumTest, self).tearDown()

2、修改nose源码,未完待续