java.io.BufferedWriter API 以及源码解读

时间:2022-04-05 14:45:47

下面是java se 7 API 对于java.io.BufferedWriter 继承关系的描述。

java.io.BufferedWriter API 以及源码解读

BufferedWriter可以将文本写入字符流。它会将字符缓存,目的是提高写入字符的效率。

buffer的大小必须明确,否则将会使用默认的大小。默认的大小对于大多数情况是足够大的。

BufferedWriter提供了一个newLine()的方法,目的是用来换行。毕竟不是所有的平台都使用'\n'的换行方式。

一个Writer对象会将输出立即写入当前的字符流或者字节流。

通常来说,如果这个写入不是非常紧急,建议使用BufferedWriter对象包裹一个费时的Writer对象(比如,FileWriters,OutputStreamWriters)

具体例子如下:

PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferWriter(new FileWriter("foo.out")));

上面这个例子,会将PrintWriter对象的输出缓存到文件。如果没有缓存,每次调用print()方法都会讲要输出的字符立即转换为字节,这样的话写入的效率非常不高。

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API中已经说明了BufferedWriter可以提高写入字符流的效率。对于耗时的写入操作,使用BufferWriter对象是非常明智的选择。

下面是BufferedWriter的源码。

package java.io;

public class BufferedWriter extends Writer {

    private Writer out;

    private char cb[];
private int nChars, nextChar; private static int defaultCharBufferSize = 8192; private String lineSeparator; public BufferedWriter(Writer out) {
this(out, defaultCharBufferSize);
} public BufferedWriter(Writer out, int sz) {
super(out);
if (sz <= 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Buffer size <= 0");
this.out = out;
cb = new char[sz];
nChars = sz;
nextChar = 0; lineSeparator = java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
new sun.security.action.GetPropertyAction("line.separator"));
} private void ensureOpen() throws IOException {
if (out == null)
throw new IOException("Stream closed");
} void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
ensureOpen();
if (nextChar == 0)
return;
out.write(cb, 0, nextChar);
nextChar = 0;
}
} public void write(int c) throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
ensureOpen();
if (nextChar >= nChars)
flushBuffer();
cb[nextChar++] = (char) c;
}
} private int min(int a, int b) {
if (a < b) return a;
return b;
} public void write(char cbuf[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
ensureOpen();
if ((off < 0) || (off > cbuf.length) || (len < 0) ||
((off + len) > cbuf.length) || ((off + len) < 0)) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
} else if (len == 0) {
return;
} if (len >= nChars) {
/* If the request length exceeds the size of the output buffer,
flush the buffer and then write the data directly. In this
way buffered streams will cascade harmlessly. */
flushBuffer();
out.write(cbuf, off, len);
return;
} int b = off, t = off + len;
while (b < t) {
int d = min(nChars - nextChar, t - b);
System.arraycopy(cbuf, b, cb, nextChar, d);
b += d;
nextChar += d;
if (nextChar >= nChars)
flushBuffer();
}
}
} public void write(String s, int off, int len) throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
ensureOpen(); int b = off, t = off + len;
while (b < t) {
int d = min(nChars - nextChar, t - b);
s.getChars(b, b + d, cb, nextChar);
b += d;
nextChar += d;
if (nextChar >= nChars)
flushBuffer();
}
}
} public void newLine() throws IOException {
write(lineSeparator);
} public void flush() throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
flushBuffer();
out.flush();
}
} @SuppressWarnings("try")
public void close() throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
if (out == null) {
return;
}
try (Writer w = out) {
flushBuffer();
} finally {
out = null;
cb = null;
}
}
}
}

好像没有新颖之处。。。。。应该是我道行太太太浅,看不出= =

可以看到BufferedWriter之所以叫做buffered,是因为,里面使用了一个char 类型的数组作为缓存(private char cb[];)。

写操作的时候不会立刻写入当前的字符流,而是先写入缓存区。