[iOS基础控件 - 7.0] UIWebView

时间：2021-06-17 14:29:43
A.基本使用
1.概念
iOS内置的浏览器控件
Safari浏览器就是通过UIWebView实现的
 
2.用途：制作简易浏览器
（1）基本请求
创建请求
加载请求
（2）代理监听webView加载，例如提示正在加载
（3）前进、后退
使用NavigationController，在底部加上导航栏（勾选showToolBar），加上回退和前进按钮
（4）给顶部导航栏加上地址栏
UISearchBar
代理监听“搜索”按钮，提取地址栏文本
 
[iOS基础控件 - 7.0] UIWebView
 
 
 
[iOS基础控件 - 7.0] UIWebView
 
 //

 //  ViewController.m

 //  UIWebViewdDemo

 //

 //  Created by hellovoidworld on 15/1/30.

 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 hellovoidworld. All rights reserved.

 //

 #import "ViewController.h"

 @interface ViewController () <UISearchBarDelegate, UIWebViewDelegate>

 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIWebView *webView;

 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIBarButtonItem *backButton;

 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIBarButtonItem *forwardButton;

 - (IBAction)back:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender;

 - (IBAction)forward:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender;

 @end

 @implementation ViewController

 - (void)viewDidLoad {

     [super viewDidLoad];

     // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

     // 创建一个搜索栏

     UISearchBar *searchBar = [[UISearchBar alloc] init];

     searchBar.frame = CGRectMake(, , , );

     searchBar.delegate = self;

     self.navigationItem.titleView = searchBar;

     self.webView.delegate = self;

 }

 - (IBAction)back:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {

     NSLog(@"后退");

     [self.webView goBack];

 }

 - (IBAction)forward:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {

     NSLog(@"前进");

     [self.webView goForward];

 }

 #pragma mark - UIWebViewDelegate

 - (void)webViewDidStartLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {

     NSLog(@"开始加载");

 }

 - (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {

     NSLog(@"完成加载");

     // 设置后退、前进按钮

     if ([self.webView canGoBack]) {

         self.backButton.enabled = YES;

     } else {

         self.backButton.enabled = NO;

     }

     if ([self.webView canGoForward]) {

         self.forwardButton.enabled = YES;

     } else {

         self.forwardButton.enabled = NO;

     }

 }

 #pragma mark - UISearchBarDelegate

 /** 点击搜索按钮（虚拟键盘上) */

 - (void)searchBarSearchButtonClicked:(UISearchBar *)searchBar {

     NSString *str = searchBar.text;

     NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://%@", str]];

     NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];

     [self.webView loadRequest:request];

 }

 @end
 
3.加载本地资源
html、txt、doc、ppt、MP4、pdf
直接请求即可
 
4.自动识别电话、邮箱、地址
    // 识别所有类型的数据
    self.webView.dataDetectorTypes = UIDataDetectorTypeAll;
 
B.其他用途
1.OC执行javascript
[iOS基础控件 - 7.0] UIWebView
 
 /** 运行js代码 */

 - (IBAction)runJs {

     NSString *str = @"alert('hello, world!');";

     [self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:str];

 }
 
 
2.javascript调用OC
在javascript中发送网页请求，使用OC截取，根据内容判断调用相应方法
 
这里使用js代码呼出相册选择:
[iOS基础控件 - 7.0] UIWebView
 
网页 & js 代码：
 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

 <html>

 <head>

 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

 <title>运行OC代码</title>

 </head>

 <body>

      <script type="text/javascript">

           function runOC() {

                window.location.href="ios://openAlbum";

           }

      </script>

      <input type="button" value="运行OC代码" onclick="runOC();" />

 </body>

 </html>
 
OC代码：
 /** webView发送请求之前都会调用，可以拦截请求，选择加载（返回YES）还是不加载（返回NO）*/

 - (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType {

     // 拦截请求

     NSString *urlStr = request.URL.absoluteString;

     NSRange range = [urlStr rangeOfString:@"ios://"];

     // 如果是ios请求

     if (range.length != ) {

         // 方法名

         NSString *method = [urlStr substringFromIndex:range.location + range.length];

         // 包装SEL

         SEL selector = NSSelectorFromString(method);

         // 执行方法

         [self performSelector:selector withObject:nil];

     }

     return YES;

 }

 /** 打开相册 */

 - (void) openAlbum {

     // 创建一个相片选择控制器

     UIImagePickerController *imagePC = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init];

     [imagePC setSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]; // 使用相册来源

     [self presentViewController:imagePC animated:YES completion:^{

         NSLog(@"呼出相册");

     }];

 }
 
 

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