数据库版本：10.2.0.1
一，使用导出、导入进行备份和恢复
Oracle推荐在对集群做调整时，比如增加、删除节点之前，应该对OCR做一个备份，可以使用export 备份到指定文件。如果做了replace或restore等操作，Oracle建议使用"cluvfy comp ocr -n all" 命令做一次全面检查。
1.首先关闭所有节点的CRS
[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....C3.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora....C4.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.racdb.db application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....b1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....b2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora....rver.cs application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....db2.srv application ONLINE ONLINE rac3 [root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs
Stopping resources.
Successfully stopped CRS resources
Stopping CSSD.
Shutting down CSS daemon.
Shutdown request successfully issued.
[oracle@rac4 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....C3.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora....C4.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.racdb.db application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....b1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....b2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora....rver.cs application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....db2.srv application ONLINE ONLINE rac3 [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs
Stopping resources.
Successfully stopped CRS resources
Stopping CSSD.
Shutting down CSS daemon.
Shutdown request successfully issued.
2.导出OCR内容（需要root用户导出)
[root@rac4 bin]# ./ocrconfig -export /home/oracle/ocr.exp
[root@rac4 bin]# ll /home/oracle/ocr.exp
-rw-r--r-- root root Jan : /home/oracle/ocr.exp
3.重新启动CRS
[root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
Attempting to start CRS stack
The CRS stack will be started shortly [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
Attempting to start CRS stack
The CRS stack will be started shortly
4.检查CRS状态
[root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy
5.破坏ocr内容
[root@rac4 bin]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=1M count=
dd: writing `/dev/raw/raw1': No space left on device
+ records in
+ records out
6.现在检查ocr一致性
[root@rac4 bin]# ./ocrcheck
PROT-: Failed to initialize ocrcheck [root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
PROT-: Failed to initialize ocrcheck
7.使用cluvfy工具检查一致性
[root@rac3 cluvfy]# pwd
/opt/clusterware/cluvfy
[root@rac3 cluvfy]# ./runcluvfy.sh comp ocr -n all Verifying OCR integrity
Unable to retrieve nodelist from Oracle clusterware. Verification cannot proceed.
同样是检查失败
8.现在查看集群状态
[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t --ocr被破坏，集群已经宕掉
CRS-: Cannot communicate with the CRS daemon. [oracle@rac4 ~]$ crs_stat -t
CRS-: Cannot communicate with the CRS daemon.
9.使用import恢复OCR内容
[root@rac4 bin]# ./ocrconfig -import /home/oracle/ocr.exp
[root@rac4 bin]#
10.再次检查OCR
[root@rac4 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw1
Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw1
Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
11.检查通过,用cluvfy工具检查
[oracle@rac3 cluvfy]$ ./runcluvfy.sh comp ocr -n all Verifying OCR integrity Checking OCR integrity... Checking the absence of a non-clustered configuration...
All nodes free of non-clustered, local-only configurations. Uniqueness check for OCR device passed. Checking the version of OCR...
OCR of correct Version "" exists. Checking data integrity of OCR...
Data integrity check for OCR passed. OCR integrity check passed. Verification of OCR integrity was successful.
12.启动CRS
[root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
Attempting to start CRS stack
The CRS stack will be started shortly [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
Attempting to start CRS stack
The CRS stack will be started shortly
[oracle@rac4 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora....C3.lsnr application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac3.gsd application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac3.ons application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac3.vip application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora....C4.lsnr application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac4.gsd application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac4.ons application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac4.vip application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.racdb.db application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora....b1.inst application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora....b2.inst application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora....rver.cs application ONLINE OFFLINE
ora....db2.srv application ONLINE OFFLINE
13.最后检查CRS的状态
[root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy
二，移动OCR文件的位置
以下示例将演示如何把OCR从/dev/raw/raw1移动到/dev/raw/raw8上
1.首先查看是否有最近的OCR备份
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -showbackup rac4 // :: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./crs_1/cdata/crs rac3 // :: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./crs_1/cdata/crs rac3 // :: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./crs_1/cdata/crs rac4 // :: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./crs_1/cdata/crs rac4 // :: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./crs_1/cdata/crs
更改备份位置 ocrconfig -backuploc /oracle/backup/ocr
如果没有备份，可以立即执行一次导出作为备份
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -export /home/oracle/ocr.bak2 -s online
[root@rac3 bin]#
2.查看当前ocr配置
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw1
Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
输出显示当前只有一个Primary OCR,位于 /dev/raw/raw1，没有Mirror OCR
3.因为现在只有一个OCR文件，位于/dev/raw/raw1,所以不能直接改变这个OCR的位置，
必须先添加镜像后再修改，否则会出现错误：
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -replace ocr /dev/raw/raw8
PROT-: Internal Error
4.添加一个Mirror OCR
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -replace ocrmirror /dev/raw/raw7
[root@rac3 bin]#
5.确认添加成功
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw1
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw7 --新添加的Mirror OCR
Device/File integrity check succeeded Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
现在有两个OCR了，可以修改原来的Primary OCR了
6.修改Primary OCR为/dev/raw/raw8
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -replace ocr /dev/raw/raw8
[root@rac3 bin]#
7.确认修改成功
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw8 --Primary OCR改变了
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw7
Device/File integrity check succeeded Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
8.确认修改被同步到了其他节点
--在另一节点也能看到更新的信息
[root@rac4 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw8
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw7
Device/File integrity check succeeded Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
9.使用ocrconfig -replace命令后，所有节点上的/etc/oracle/ocr.loc文件内容也都自动同步了，
如果有点节点没有同步，也可以手工修改使其同步：
[root@rac4 bin]# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
#Device/file /dev/raw/raw1 getting replaced by device /dev/raw/raw8
ocrconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw8
ocrmirrorconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw7
local_only=false
三，解决PROT-22: Storage too small错误
现在我想改回原来的Primary OCR
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -replace ocr /dev/raw/raw1
PROT-: Storage too small
查询metalink发现，这是一个10.2.0.1上的bug，要求ocrmirror设备的大小要比原始ocr设备大128M，详细描述可以参考：ID 317628.1。
那如何更改过来？？？？ 可参考 http://blog.itpub.net/14284241/viewspace-442842/
尝试直接修改/etc/oracle/orc.loc文件
1.查看目前的OCR配置
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw8
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw7
Device/File integrity check succeeded Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
2.对目前的OCR备份
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -export /home/oracle/ocr.bak3 -s online
[root@rac3 bin]#
3.停掉所有节点的CRS
[root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs
Stopping resources.
Successfully stopped CRS resources
Stopping CSSD.
Shutting down CSS daemon.
Shutdown request successfully issued. [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs
Stopping resources.
Error while stopping resources. Possible cause: CRSD is down.
Stopping CSSD.
Shutting down CSS daemon.
Shutdown request successfully issued.
4.手动修改所有节点的/etc/oracle/ocr.loc文件
[root@rac3 bin]# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
#Device/file /dev/raw/raw1 getting replaced by device /dev/raw/raw8
ocrconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw8
ocrmirrorconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw7
local_only=false
[root@rac3 bin]# vi /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
[root@rac3 bin]# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
#Device/file /dev/raw/raw1 getting replaced by device /dev/raw/raw8
ocrconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw1
#ocrmirrorconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw7
local_only=false [root@rac4 bin]# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
#Device/file /dev/raw/raw1 getting replaced by device /dev/raw/raw8
ocrconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw8
ocrmirrorconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw7
local_only=false
[root@rac4 bin]# vi /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
[root@rac4 bin]# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
#Device/file /dev/raw/raw1 getting replaced by device /dev/raw/raw8
ocrconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw1
#ocrmirrorconfig_loc=/dev/raw/raw7
local_only=false
5.检查一下ocr
--可以看到ocr现在检查报错
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
PROT-: Failed to initialize ocrcheck
6.导入之前备份的OCR数据
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrconfig -import /home/oracle/ocr.bak3
7.现在检查ocr
--两个节点检查正常，且ocr盘实现已经改过来了
[root@rac3 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw1
Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded [root@rac4 bin]# ./ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version :
Total space (kbytes) :
Used space (kbytes) :
Available space (kbytes) :
ID :
Device/File Name : /dev/raw/raw1
Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
8.启动crs
[root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
Attempting to start CRS stack
The CRS stack will be started shortly [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
Attempting to start CRS stack
The CRS stack will be started shortly
[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....C3.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora.rac3.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora....C4.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.rac4.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora.racdb.db application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora....b1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....b2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
ora....rver.cs application ONLINE ONLINE rac3
ora....db2.srv application ONLINE ONLINE rac4
9.检查crs状态
[root@rac3 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy [root@rac4 bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
CRS appears healthy
EVM appears healthy
至此我么把ocr盘通过手动的方式更改过来了，RAC正常。
--本文章 部分参考张晓明<<大话Oracle RAC>>及其他