1.在/usr/share/applications创建一个desktop文件，命名为eclipse.desktop
文件内容如下
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eclipse
Type=Application
Exec=env UBUNTU_MENUPROXY=0 /opt/eclipse/eclipse
Terminal=false
Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm
Comment=Integrated Development Environment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE
Name[en]=eclipse.desktop
2.将该文件拖动到任务栏中，点击任务栏就可以打开eclipse了。
参考：http://www.blogs.digitalworlds.net/softwarenotes/?p=54
另：在参考的文章中提到
Very important for Ubuntu 13.10: you have to add the line below to the end of eclipe.desctop file.
Exec=env UBUNTU_MENUPROXY=0 /opt/eclipse/eclipse
In this case you will see the Eclipse’s menu.
在Ubuntu14.04中，我将
Exec=env UBUNTU_MENUPROXY=0 /opt/eclipse/eclipse
中env UBUNTU_MENUPROXY=0去掉，也能正常打开。目前尚不清楚这段代码的含义，待查
Very important for Ubuntu 13.10: you have to add the line below to the end of eclipe.desctop file.
Exec=env UBUNTU_MENUPROXY=0 /opt/eclipse/eclipse
In this case you will see the Eclipse’s menu.
- See more at: http://www.blogs.digitalworlds.net/softwarenotes/?p=54#sthash.KbmDz6AL.dpuf