Linux x64 -- 内核程序(驱动程序)读取任意进程数据实现

时间:2021-03-18 10:46:01

四级页表结构

现在的64位Linux系统中,并没有使用全部的64位地址空间,而是使用其低48位,高16位并没有使用.

其中

39至47这9位用于索引PGD(page global directory),其中读取的值是PUD(page upper directory)的地址

30至38这9位用于索引PUD以获取PMD(page middle directory)的地址

21至29这9位用于索引PMD以获取PTE(the lowest level page table)的地址

12至20这9位用于索引PTE以获数据所在物理page frame的地址

最后的12位是page frame 的偏移,用于定位具体的数据所在地址

图形表示如图:

Linux x64 -- 内核程序(驱动程序)读取任意进程数据实现

注:

原来的三级页表为:PGD-->PMD-->PTE

二级页表为:PGD(PGD)-->PTE

获取系统的page size

$ getconf PAGE_SIZE

获取当前内核使用多少级的页表结构

通过编译内核的config文件,搜索CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS,既可以知道使用的是多少级的页表结构

内核地址空间中物理地址与虚拟地址的转换

#include <asm/io.h>

static inline void *phys_to_virt(phys_addr_t address);//__pa

static inline phys_addr_t virt_to_phys(volatile void *address)__va

读取任意程序内存实现

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/mm_types.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>

static ulong data_addr = 0;
static int data_len = 0;
static int target_pid = 0;

module_param(data_addr,ulong,S_IRUGO);
module_param(data_len,int,S_IRUGO);
module_param(target_pid,int,S_IRUGO);

static int __init main_init(void)
{
    struct task_struct *task;
    char *vaddr;
    int retval = 0;
    int i = 0;
    pgd_t *pgd = NULL;
    pud_t *pud = NULL;
    pmd_t *pmd = NULL;
    pte_t *pte = NULL;
    unsigned long paddr = 0;
    unsigned long page_addr = 0;
    unsigned long page_offset = 0;

    if(data_addr == 0 || data_len == 0 || target_pid == 0){
        printk("insmod main <data_addr=?> <data len=?> <target_pid=?>\n");
        return 0;
    }

    printk("data_addr:0x%lX, data_len:%d, target_pid:%d\n",data_addr,data_len,target_pid);

    for_each_process(task){
        if(task->pid == target_pid)
        {
            printk("find task:%s\n",task->comm);
            retval = 1;
            break;
        }
    }

    if(retval == 0){
        printk("not find task\n");
        return -1;
    }

    pgd = pgd_offset(task->mm,data_addr);
    if(pgd_none(*pgd)){
        printk("not mapped in pgd\n");
        return -1;
    }

    pud = pud_offset((p4d_t*)pgd,data_addr);
    if(pud_none(*pud)){
        printk("not mapped in pud\n");
        return -1;
    }

    pmd = pmd_offset(pud,data_addr);
    if(pmd_none(*pmd)){
        printk("not mapped in pmd\n");
        return -1;
    }

    pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd,data_addr);
    if(pte_none(*pte)){
        printk("not mapped in pte\n");
        return -1;
    }

    page_addr = pte_val(*pte) & PTE_PFN_MASK;
    page_offset = (data_addr) & (0xFFF);
    paddr = page_addr | page_offset;

    vaddr = __va(paddr);

    for(i = 0;i<data_len;i++){
        printk("0x%X('%c')\n",vaddr[i],vaddr[i]);
    }

    return 0;
}

static void __exit main_exit(void)
{
}

module_init(main_init);
module_exit(main_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

makefile:

obj-m := main.o

all:
    make -C /usr/src/linux-headers-$(shell uname -r) M=$(shell pwd) modules
clean:
    make -C /usr/src/linux-headers-$(shell uname -r) M=$(shell pwd) clean

参考资料

How The Kernel Manages Your Memory:

https://manybutfinite.com/post/how-the-kernel-manages-your-memory/

Five-level page tables:

https://lwn.net/Articles/717293/

Page Table Management:

https://www.kernel.org/doc/gorman/html/understand/understand006.html

Page table

https://github.com/lorenzo-stoakes/linux-vm-notes/blob/master/sections/page-tables.md

Virtual memory map

https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/x86/x86_64/mm.txt

Linux 内存管理分析

https://www.jianshu.com/p/fc719d1cfbc2

Linux中的虚拟地址转换物理地址实现

http://lzz5235.github.io/2014/12/10/linux.html