如何使用Sql Server 2008对不同数据库中两个表的数据进行比较?

I have two database's, named DB1 and DB2 in Sql server 2008. These two database's have the same tables and same table data also. However, I want to check if there are any differences between the data in these tables.

我在Sql server 2008中有两个数据库，命名为DB1和DB2。这两个数据库具有相同的表和相同的表数据。但是，我想检查这些表中的数据之间是否有差异。

Could anyone help me with a script for this?

有人能帮我写个剧本吗?

9 个解决方案

#1

select * 
from (
      select *
      from DB1.dbo.Table
      except
      select *
      from DB2.dbo.Table
     ) as T
union all
select * 
from (
      select *
      from DB2.dbo.Table
      except
      select *
      from DB1.dbo.Table
     ) as T

Test code:

测试代码:

declare @T1 table (ID int)
declare @T2 table (ID int)

insert into @T1 values(1),(2)
insert into @T2 values(2),(3)

select * 
from (
      select *
      from @T1
      except
      select *
      from @T2
     ) as T
union all
select * 
from (
      select *
      from @T2
      except
      select *
      from @T1
     ) as T

Result:

结果:

ID
-----------
1
3

#2

I’d really suggest that people who encounter this problem go and find a third party database comparison tool.

我真的建议遇到这个问题的人去找一个第三方数据库比较工具。

Reason – these tools save a lot of time and make the process less error prone.

原因:这些工具节省了很多时间，减少了过程中的错误。

I’ve used comparison tools from ApexSQL (Diff and Data Diff) but you can’t go wrong with other tools marc_s and Marina Nastenko already pointed out.

我使用了来自ApexSQL (Diff和Data Diff)的比较工具，但是marc_s和Marina Nastenko已经指出的其他工具不会出错。

If you’re absolutely sure that you are only going to compare tables once then SQL is fine but if you’re going to need this from time to time you’ll be better off with some 3rd party tool.

如果您确信只需要比较表一次，那么SQL就没问题，但是如果您时不时需要它，您最好使用第三方工具。

If you don’t have budget to buy it then just use it in trial mode to get the job done.

如果你没有购买的预算，那就试着用它来完成工作。

I hope new readers will find this useful even though it’s a late answer…

我希望新读者会发现这一点很有用，尽管这是一个很晚的答案……

#3

I'v done things like this using the Checksum(*) function

我使用Checksum(*)函数来完成这样的操作

In essance it creates a row level checksum on all the columns data, you could then compare the checksum of each row for each table to each other, use a left join, to find rows that are different.

在本质上，它在所有列数据上创建行级校验和，然后您可以将每个表的每一行校验和相互比较，使用左连接，找到不同的行。

Hope that made sense...

希望有意义……

Better with an example....

更好地与一个例子....

select *
from 
( select checksum(*) as chk, userid as k from UserAccounts) as t1
left join 
( select checksum(*) as chk, userid as k from UserAccounts) as t2 on t1.k = t2.k
where t1.chk <> t2.chk 

#4

Comparing the two Databases in SQL Database. Try this Query it may help.

比较SQL数据库中的两个数据库。试试这个查询，可能会有帮助。

SELECT T.[name] AS [table_name], AC.[name] AS [column_name],  TY.[name] AS 
   system_data_type FROM    [***Database Name 1***].sys.[tables] AS T  
   INNER JOIN [***Database Name 1***].sys.[all_columns] AC ON T.[object_id] = AC.[object_id]      
   INNER JOIN [***Database Name 1***].sys.[types] TY ON AC.[system_type_id] = TY.[system_type_id] 
   EXCEPT SELECT T.[name] AS [table_name], AC.[name] AS [column_name], TY.[name] AS system_data_type FROM    ***Database Name 2***.sys.[tables] AS T  
   INNER JOIN ***Database Name 2***.sys.[all_columns] AC ON T.[object_id] = AC.[object_id]  
   INNER JOIN ***Database Name 2***.sys.[types] TY ON AC.[system_type_id] = TY.[system_type_id]

#5

select * from DB1.dbo.Table a inner join DB2.dbo.Table b on b.PrimKey = a.PrimKey 
where a.FirstColumn <> b.FirstColumn ...

Checksum that Matt recommended is probably a better approach to compare columns rather than comparing each column

Matt推荐的校验和可能是比较列而不是比较每个列的更好方法

#6

If the database are in the same server use [DatabaseName].[Owner].[TableName] format when accessing a table that resides in a different database.

如果数据库在同一台服务器上，请使用[DatabaseName].[Owner]。访问驻留在不同数据库中的表时的格式。

Eg: [DB1].[dbo].[TableName]

例如:[DB1]。[dbo]。(表)

If databases in different server look at on Creating Linked Servers (SQL Server Database Engine)

如果不同服务器中的数据库查看如何创建链接服务器(SQL server数据库引擎)

#7

Another solution (non T-SQL): you can use tablediff utility. For example if you want to compare two tables (Localitate) from two different servers (ROBUH01 & ROBUH02) you can use this shell command:

另一种解决方案(非T-SQL):可以使用tablediff实用程序。例如，如果您想比较来自两个不同服务器(罗布01和罗布02)的两个表(Localitate)，您可以使用这个shell命令:

C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\COM>tablediff -sourceserver ROBUH01 -s
ourcedatabase SIM01 -sourceschema dbo -sourcetable Localitate -destinationserver
 ROBUH02 -destinationschema dbo -destinationdatabase SIM02 -destinationtable Lo
calitate

Results:

结果:

Microsoft (R) SQL Server Replication Diff Tool Copyright (c) 2008 Microsoft Corporation User-specified agent parameter values: 
-sourceserver ROBUH01 
-sourcedatabase SIM01 
-sourceschema dbo 
-sourcetable Localitate 
-destinationserver ROBUH02 
-destinationschema dbo 
-destinationdatabase SIM02 
-destinationtable Localitate 

Table [SIM01].[dbo].[Localitate] on ROBUH01 and Table [SIM02].[dbo].[Localitate ] on ROBUH02 have 10 differences. 

Err Id Dest. 
Only 21433 Dest. 
Only 21434 Dest. 
Only 21435 Dest. 
Only 21436 Dest. 
Only 21437 Dest. 
Only 21438 Dest. 
Only 21439 Dest. 
Only 21441 Dest. 
Only 21442 Dest. 
Only 21443 
The requested operation took 9,9472657 seconds.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

#8

If both database on same server. You can check similar tables by using following query :

如果两个数据库在同一台服务器上。您可以使用以下查询来检查类似的表:

select 
      fdb.name, sdb.name 
from 
      FIRSTDBNAME.sys.tables fdb 
      join SECONDDBNAME.sys.tables sdb
      on fdb.name = sdb.name -- compare same name tables
order by 
      1     

By listing out similar table you can compare columns schema using sys.columns view.

通过列出类似的表，您可以使用sys比较列模式。列视图。

Hope this helps you.

希望这能帮助你。

#9

In order to compare two databases, I've written the procedures bellow. If you want to compare two tables you can use procedure 'CompareTables'. Example :

为了比较两个数据库，我编写了下面的过程。如果要比较两个表，可以使用“CompareTables”过程。例子:

EXEC master.dbo.CompareTables 'DB1', 'dbo', 'table1', 'DB2', 'dbo', 'table2'

If you want to compare two databases, use the procedure 'CompareDatabases'. Example :

如果要比较两个数据库，请使用“CompareDatabases”过程。例子:

EXEC master.dbo.CompareDatabases 'DB1', 'DB2'

Note : - I tried to make the procedures secure, but anyway, those procedures are only for testing and debugging. - If you want a complete solution for comparison use third party like (Visual Studio, ...)

注意:-我试图使程序安全，但无论如何，这些程序只是用于测试和调试。-如果你想要一个完整的比较解决方案，可以使用第三方(Visual Studio，…)

USE [master]
GO

create proc [dbo].[CompareDatabases]
    @FirstDatabaseName nvarchar(50),
    @SecondDatabaseName nvarchar(50)
    as
begin
    -- Check that databases exist
    if not exists(SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name=@FirstDatabaseName)
        return 0
    if not exists(SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name=@SecondDatabaseName)
        return 0

    declare @result table (TABLE_NAME nvarchar(256))
    SET NOCOUNT ON
    insert into @result EXEC('(Select distinct TABLE_NAME from ' + @FirstDatabaseName  + '.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS '
                                    +'Where TABLE_SCHEMA=''dbo'')'
                            + 'intersect'
                            + '(Select distinct TABLE_NAME from ' + @SecondDatabaseName  + '.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS '
                                    +'Where TABLE_SCHEMA=''dbo'')')

    DECLARE @TABLE_NAME nvarchar(256)
    DECLARE curseur CURSOR FOR
        SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM @result
    OPEN curseur
    FETCH curseur INTO @TABLE_NAME
        WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
            BEGIN
                print 'TABLE : ' + @TABLE_NAME
                EXEC master.dbo.CompareTables @FirstDatabaseName, 'dbo', @TABLE_NAME, @SecondDatabaseName, 'dbo', @TABLE_NAME
                FETCH curseur INTO @TABLE_NAME
            END
        CLOSE curseur
    DEALLOCATE curseur
    SET NOCOUNT OFF
end
GO

.

。

USE [master]
GO

CREATE PROC [dbo].[CompareTables]
    @FirstTABLE_CATALOG nvarchar(256),
    @FirstTABLE_SCHEMA nvarchar(256),
    @FirstTABLE_NAME nvarchar(256),
    @SecondTABLE_CATALOG nvarchar(256),
    @SecondTABLE_SCHEMA nvarchar(256),
    @SecondTABLE_NAME nvarchar(256)
    AS
BEGIN
    -- Verify if first table exist
    DECLARE @table1 nvarchar(256) = @FirstTABLE_CATALOG + '.' + @FirstTABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + @FirstTABLE_NAME
    DECLARE @return_status int
    EXEC @return_status = master.dbo.TableExist @FirstTABLE_CATALOG, @FirstTABLE_SCHEMA, @FirstTABLE_NAME
    IF @return_status = 0
        BEGIN
            PRINT @table1 + ' : Table Not FOUND'
            RETURN 0
        END



    -- Verify if second table exist
    DECLARE @table2 nvarchar(256) = @SecondTABLE_CATALOG + '.' + @SecondTABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + @SecondTABLE_NAME
    EXEC @return_status = master.dbo.TableExist @SecondTABLE_CATALOG, @SecondTABLE_SCHEMA, @SecondTABLE_NAME
    IF @return_status = 0
        BEGIN
            PRINT @table2 + ' : Table Not FOUND'
            RETURN 0
        END

    -- Compare the two tables
    DECLARE @sql AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
    SELECT @sql = '('
                + '(SELECT ''' + @table1 + ''' as _Table, * FROM ' + @FirstTABLE_CATALOG + '.' + @FirstTABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + @FirstTABLE_NAME + ')'
                + 'EXCEPT'
                + '(SELECT ''' + @table1 + ''' as _Table, * FROM ' + @SecondTABLE_CATALOG + '.' + @SecondTABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + @SecondTABLE_NAME + ')'
                + ')'
                + 'UNION'
                + '('
                + '(SELECT ''' + @table2 + ''' as _Table, * FROM ' + @SecondTABLE_CATALOG + '.' + @SecondTABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + @SecondTABLE_NAME + ')'
                + 'EXCEPT'
                + '(SELECT ''' + @table2 + ''' as _Table, * FROM ' + @FirstTABLE_CATALOG + '.' + @FirstTABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + @FirstTABLE_NAME + ')'
                + ')'
    DECLARE @wrapper AS NVARCHAR(MAX) = 'if exists (' + @sql + ')' + char(10) + '    (' + @sql + ')ORDER BY 2'
    Exec(@wrapper)
END
GO

.

。

USE [master]
GO

CREATE PROC [dbo].[TableExist]
    @TABLE_CATALOG nvarchar(256),
    @TABLE_SCHEMA nvarchar(256),
    @TABLE_NAME nvarchar(256)
    AS
BEGIN
    IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name=@TABLE_CATALOG)
        RETURN 0

    declare @result table (TABLE_SCHEMA nvarchar(256), TABLE_NAME nvarchar(256))
    SET NOCOUNT ON
    insert into @result EXEC('Select TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME from ' + @TABLE_CATALOG  + '.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS')
    SET NOCOUNT OFF

    IF EXISTS(SELECT TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME FROM @result
                WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA=@TABLE_SCHEMA AND TABLE_NAME=@TABLE_NAME)
        RETURN 1

    RETURN 0
END

GO